Momma yensua pii fa aniwa a wohu ho. Dɛn ne 20/20 Anisoadehu?

So woate pɛn sɛ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo anaa aniwa ho oduruyɛfo ka sɛ, "W'anisoadehu yɛ 20/20" bere a wokɔ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu no? Anaasɛ ebia woate sɛ w’adamfo bi reka. Nnipa pii susuw sɛ anisoadehu 20/20 yɛ anisoadehu a edi mũ, ɛyɛ pɛ, na ɛyɛ pɛ. Nanso so ɛte saa ankasa? Momma yɛnhwehwɛ nea "20/20" anansesɛm no yɛ ankasa.

Dɛn ne 20/20 Anisoadehu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, 20/20 anisoadehu yɛ anisoadehu "a ɛyɛ daa". Ɛsusuw sɛnea wubetumi ahu biribi a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri anammɔn 20 no pefee na ɛyɛ nnam. Aniwa ho animdefo frɛ eyi sɛ aniwa a ɛhwɛ ade yiye.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ wokɔyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu a, wɔma wohwɛ nhyehyɛe bi a nkyerɛwde wɔ so. Wo ne chart no ntam kwan yɛ anammɔn 20.

• Nnɔmba a edi kan (20): Eyi kyerɛ wo sɛnea wo ne nhyehyɛe a nkyerɛwde no wɔ so no ntam kwan ware. Wɔ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu mu no, eyi yɛ 20 bere nyinaa, efisɛ kwan a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ no yɛ anammɔn 20.
• Nnɔmba a ɛto so abien (20 wɔ ɔfã foforo): Eyi kyerɛ wo anammɔn dodow a obi a n’ani da ade yiye no behu ade bi a emu da hɔ na ɛyɛ nnam te sɛ nea wubehu afi akyirikyiri anammɔn 20 no.

Ɛne sɛ, sɛ wowɔ anisoadehu 20/20, nea wuhu fi akyirikyiri anammɔn 20 a, obi a ɔwɔ anisoadehu a ɛfata betumi ahu pefee saa ara afi akyirikyiri anammɔn 20. Eyi yɛ anisoadehu "a ɛyɛ daa", ɛnyɛ anisoadehu "a ɛyɛ pɛ". Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, wiase nnipa bɛyɛ 35% pɛ na wotumi hu ade 20/20, sɛ́ ebia wɔhyɛ ahwehwɛ, ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade, anaasɛ wɔayɛ wɔn aniwa oprehyɛn anaasɛ wɔanhyɛ no.

Afei, hwɛ, ɛtɔ da bi a ebia wɔbɛkyerɛw w’anisoadehu no sɛ 20/15. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ anka ɛsɛ sɛ biribi a wubetumi ahu afi akyirikyiri anammɔn 20 no yɛ anammɔn 15 ansa na obi a ohu ade yiye ahu no pefee saa. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ w’anisoadehu ye sen sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a!

Afei nso, sɛ w’aniwa yɛ 20/40 a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ biribi a wubetumi ahu afi akyirikyiri anammɔn 20 no, obi a ɔwɔ anisoadehu a ɛfata fi akyirikyiri anammɔn 40 betumi ahu no pefee. Wei kyerɛ sɛ w’anisoadehunu no sua kakra, ɛfiri sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wobɛn no sene onipa a ɔte aseɛ no ansa na woahu no yie. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, sɛ w’anisoadehu no nnu 20/20 a, akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so aboa wo ma emu ada hɔ.

Sɛnea yɛn man no de anammɔn susuw kwan no, saa ara na aman bi a ɛwɔ wiase no de metric nhyehyɛe no di dwuma. Wɔ saa aman no mu no, wɔfrɛ 20/20 anisoadehu 6/6 anisoadehu. Ɛne sɛ, wɔsusuw sɛ ebia wubetumi ahu biribi a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri mita 6 pefee sen sɛ wubehu anammɔn 20 anaa.

So anisoadehu 20/20 nkutoo ne ade a ɛho hia wɔ aniwa mu?

Bere a ɛho hia sɛ wunya anisoadehu 20/20 na ama woahu wiase no yiye no, nneɛma afoforo wɔ hɔ a ɛho hia wɔ aniwa mu. Wɔne:

• Kɔla a wohu: Tumi a wotumi hu kɔla ahorow pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Aniwa a wɔde si hɔ: Eyi ho hia yiye ma sɛnea wohu nneɛma a emu dɔ ne 3D anisoadehu. Ɛhwehwɛ sɛ aniwa abien no nyinaa bom yɛ adwuma yiye.
• Hann a ɛba fam anaa anadwo anisoadehu: Sɛnea wohu ade wɔ sum mu.
• Anisoadehu a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri: Anisoadehu a ɛkɔ akyiri a wotumi hu kɔ nkyɛnkyɛn a wondannan ti.

Enti, so wote ase? 20/20 yɛ anisoadehu no fã biako pɛ. Saa nneɛma yi nyinaa boa ma aniwa nyinaa hu ade yiye.

Dɛn nti na ɛho hia saa sɛ yehu ade yiye?

Aniwa pa ho hia na ama woanya ahobammɔ. Susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ wuhu kar wɔ kwan so, sɛ worempa anammɔn biako mpo bere a woresiane antweri bi a, eyinom nyinaa hwehwɛ sɛ wuhu ade yiye.

Afei nso, aniwa pa ho hia yiye na ama woakura asetra a ɛkorɔn mu . W’anisoadehu ka w’adwuma, asetra mu dwumadi ahorow, w’anigyede, nhoma akenkan, eyinom nyinaa. Ebia aniwa pa bɛkyerɛ sɛ wobɛhyɛ ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade. Adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wobɛhunu pefee sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛtumi ne nneɛma a atwa wo ho ahyia ne nnipa a wɔatwa wo ho ahyia no adi nkitaho – a nteɛsoɔ anaasɛ ɛnteɛ.

Aniwa pa sen sɛ wobɛkwati ntwea a ano yɛ nnam kɛkɛ. Ɛboa nso ma w’adwene kɔ so yɛ nnam , na ɛma wunya ahoɔden de yɛ wo da biara da nnwuma. Sɛ wokenkan aduannoa ho nyansahyɛ bi bere a worenoa aduan, akwankyerɛ a ɛwɔ nnuru toa so a wobɛkenkan, kɔkɔbɔ ahorow a ɛwɔ aduru a wɔde siesie nneɛma so a wobɛkenkan, na woahu akwan ho nsɛnkyerɛnne ne bɔs kwan nɔma bere a woreka kar no hwehwɛ sɛ wuhu ade yiye.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ anisoadehu 20/20?

Aniwa ho oduruyɛfo de aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu bɛsɔ w’ani ahwɛ. Wɔtaa de akwan horow pii bedi dwuma, na nea ɛho hia titiriw ne:

• Visual acuity test: Eyi ne nea madi kan aka ho asɛm no, baabi a ɛsɛ sɛ wokenkan nkyerɛwde a ɛwɔ chart so. Wɔfrɛ saa nhyehyɛe yi Snellen nhyehyɛe . Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ́ anka wɔde nkyerɛwde bedi dwuma no, wɔde nhyehyɛe ahorow a nsusuwii ahorow wom nso di dwuma, titiriw ma mmofra nkumaa.
• Retinoscopy: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobɛkura ahwehwɛ ahorow mu wɔ w’ani so na ama woahu nea ɛma wutumi hu ade yiye. Oduruyɛfo no yɛ eyi bere a ɔhyerɛn kanea bi wɔ w’ani mu no.
• Autorefraction: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wohwɛ afiri bi (ebia ofie bi a ɛwɔ afuw mu mfonini, anaasɛ mframa a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛwɔ ɔkwan tenten bi awiei). Afiri no ankasa susuw w’ani so. Oduruyɛfo no de akenkan ahorow yi di dwuma de hwehwɛ w’ani so bio na ɔkyerɛw ahwehwɛ dodow a ɛfata ma wo.

Dɛn ne nea enti a ebia minni anisoadehu 20/20?

Nneɛma a ɛtaa de anisoadehu a ennu 20/20 ba ne mfomso a ɛba wɔ aniwa so. Eyinom yɛ nsakrae a ɛba w’ani no nsusuwii mu a ɛma wuhu ade yiye. Eyinom bi ne:

• Hyperopia anaa Akyirikyiri: Tebea a ɛte sɛ nea nneɛma a ɛbɛn no ayɛ kusuu, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a nneɛma a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri nso yɛ nea ɛyɛ kusuu kakra.
• Myopia anaa Nhumu a Ɛbɛn: Tebea a nneɛma a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri no yɛ nea wontumi nhu na nneɛma a ɛbɛn no da adi pefee.
• Presbyopia: Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛba bere a obi nyin no. Ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkenkan nneɛma a ɛbɛn nneɛma te sɛ nhoma ne atesɛm nkrataa. Mpɛn pii no, efi ase bere a wɔadi mfe 40 akyi.
• Astigmatism: Wɔ tebea yi mu no, esiane sɛ aniwa no nyɛ kurukuruwa pɛpɛɛpɛ nti, hann mframa ntumi nkɔ baabi koro wɔ aniwa no mu. Ne saa nti, nneɛma a ɛbɛn ne akyirikyiri nyinaa betumi ayɛ te sɛ nea wɔakyinkyim kakra na ayɛ nea wontumi nhu.

Wɔ saa aniwa mu mfomso ahorow yi akyi no, aniwa mu tebea afoforo nso betumi aka w’ani so. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne:

• Cataracts: Aniwa no ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ mununkum.
• Aniwa mu nyarewa: Nyarewa a ɛba aniwa no mu, ntini a ɛda adi wɔ aniwa no anim no.
• Asikreyare a ɛma aniwa no yɛ mmerɛw: Asikreyare a ɛsɛe retina a ɛwɔ aniwa no akyi no.
• Glaucoma: Aniwa ntini a ɛsɛe esiane nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro wɔ aniwa no mu nti.
• Retina nyarewa: Nyarewa ahorow a ɛba aniwa no retina mu.
• Tebea horow te sɛ strabismus , sɛ nhwɛso no , amblyopia/aniwa a ɛyɛ ɔkwasea.

Afei nso, ebetumi aba sɛ wubenya anisoadehu a eye sen sɛnea wɔtaa hu ade, nanso ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi kakra.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa aniwa a ɛnyɛ den?

Sɛ wowɔ refractive errors a, ayaresa pii wɔ hɔ a wobetumi de asiesie w’ani so. Saa ayaresa ahorow yi botae ne sɛ ɛbɛma w’anisoadehu abɛn 20/20 sɛnea wubetumi. Nea ɛka ho ne:

• Aniwa ahwehwɛ: Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sen biara.
• Contact lenses: Ade pa a wɔde besi ananmu ama wɔn a wɔn ani nnye ahwehwɛ ho.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔde siesie aniwa: Nneɛma te sɛ laser oprehyɛn betumi ama aniwa a ehu no atu mpɔn daa.

Sɛ wowɔ aniwa mu yare afoforo a, ebia ebehia oprehyɛn anaa ayaresa. Nea ɛka ho no, ebia ebehia sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade. Ɛno mpo no, ɛtɔ da bi a ebia worentumi nnya anisoadehu a ɛyɛ 20/20, nanso wubetumi akɔ so anya anisoadehu a ɛyɛ ahotɔ ma wo sɛ wode bɛtra ase.

So metumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ m’ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no bɛkɔ fam asen 20/20 no so?

Yiw, koraa. Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama w’ani ayɛ yiye na woatew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya aniwa a ɛyɛ den no so. Eyinom bi ne:

• Yɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu daa: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, ma wɔnhwɛ w’ani pɛnkoro afe biara anaa mfe abien biara. Eyi ho hia sɛ woanhyɛ ahwehwɛ mpo a.
• Hyɛ aniwa ho banbɔ:Hyɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛbɔ wo ho ban bere a wode nneɛma a ebetumi ayɛ asiane reyɛ adwuma no. Afei nso, hyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ owia bere a worepue wɔ owia mu no. Eyi bɛbɔ w'ani ho ban afi ultraviolet mframa a epira ho .
• Sɛ wode tawa anaa nneɛma a nicotine di dwuma a, hwehwɛ nnuruyɛfo afotu na ama woagyae . Sigaretnom pira aniwa paa.
• Nya aduan pa: W’ani hia vitamin ne mineral ahorow pii na ama ayɛ adwuma yiye. Fa nneɛma te sɛ nhaban momono, nnuaba kɔkɔɔ, ne nhabannuru ka w’aduan ho.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu. Sɛ woyɛ kɛse mmoroso a, ebetumi ama woanya nyarewa te sɛ asikreyare, na ɛno nso betumi aka w’ani.
• Hohoro wo nsa mpɛn pii: Eyi betumi asiw mmoawa ne nyarewa a ɛbɛkɔ w’ani so no ano.
• Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ahwehwɛ a, di akwankyerɛ a ɛfa sɛnea wobɛma ɛho tew ho no akyi na sesa no bere ano.
• Mmu w’ani ngu aniwa mu sɛnkyerɛnne anaa nsakrae a ɛba w’ani so, titiriw sɛ nsakrae no ba mpofirim a. Kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
• Sɛ wowɔ nyarewa a enni sabea te sɛ asikreyare a, siw so yiye. Eyi betumi asiw nkɛntɛnso bɔne a ɛbɛba w’ani so no ano.
• Ma w’ani nnya ahomegye: Titiriw sɛ woyɛ adwuma pii a wode hwɛ ade anaasɛ wode bere pii hwɛ kɔmputa so a, ɛho hia sɛ woma w’ani gye w’ahome. Wubetumi de 20-20-20 mmara no adi dwuma : Simma 20 biara, hwɛ biribi a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri anammɔn 20 simma 20.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Ɛmfa ho sɛnea w’aniwa sɔhwɛ mu nkyerɛwde te biara no, w’ani te sɛ mfɛnsere a wofa so hu wiase a atwa wo ho ahyia no. Ɛho hia paa sɛ yɛhwɛ wɔn yiye. Saa a wobɛyɛ no betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛhwere w’ani so no so.

Kae sɛ, 20/20 yɛ anisoadehu "a ɛyɛ daa" ara kwa, ɛnyɛ anisoadehu "a ɛyɛ pɛ". Sɛ wowɔ biribi a ɛhaw wo anaasɛ wunnim w’ani so a, nyansa wom bere nyinaa sɛ wobɛkɔ aniwa ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn.

` Aniwa a ɛhwɛ ade, 20/20 anisoadehu, aniwa a ɛyɛ den, aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu, aniwa mu nyarewa, aniwa ahwehwɛ, anisoadehu, aniwa mu nkɔso