Sɛ oduruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo anaa wo ba sɛ wowɔ mogya mu yare bi a wɔfrɛ no Beta Thalassemia a, ɛho hia sɛ wuhu ɔkwan pɔtee a wowɔ. Efisɛ yare ko a wowɔ no na ɛbɛkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne ayaresa a wuhia. Ebia sɛ wote saa din yi a, ehu ka wo kakra. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, yɛbɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu pefee na ɛnyɛ den.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne beta thalassemia?
Beta thalassemia yɛ awosu mu yare a ɛka yɛn mogya. Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea eyi kɔ so wɔ nipadua no mu.
Protein titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no hemoglobin wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no mu . Eyi ne kar a egye mframa pa fi ahurututu mu na ɛkyekyɛ kɔ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa mu. Ɛte sɛ adwuma bi a wɔde oxygen kɔma nkurɔfo. Wɔ obi a ɔwɔ beta thalassemia mu no, wɔnyɛ saa hemoglobin protein yi pii sɛnea ehia. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne nsakrae, anaa nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae, wɔ awosu mu abɔde bi a ɛne hemoglobin a wɔyɛ (HBB awosu mu abɔde) wɔ abusuabɔ mu.
Sɛ hemoglobin so tew a, nipadua no mu nkwammoaa nnya oxygen dodow a wɔhwehwɛ. Eyi nti na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow da adi no. Saa yareɛ yi ahodoɔ titire mmiɛnsa na ɛwɔ hɔ. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu biara wɔ ɔkwan soronko so.
1. Beta Thalassemia a egyina mogya a wɔde ma so
Wɔsan frɛ eyi Thalassemia Major . Eyi ne thalassemia a emu yɛ den sen biara . Sɛ abofra nya yare no awosu mu nkwaadɔm a wɔayɛ no foforo abien fi awofo baanu no nyinaa hɔ nkutoo a, na saa tebea yi ba.
Mpɛn pii no wohu abofra a ɔwɔ saa tebea yi ansa na wadi mfe abien .
Sɛ́ awofo no, yenim sɛ ebetumi ayɛ den yiye sɛ wubegyina amanneɛbɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ba kumaa no anya yare a emu yɛ den no ano. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ woayɛ basaa na woahaw. Mma wo nkutoo nnyɛ saa bere yi. Wo ne w’abusuafo ne wo nnamfo nka eyi ho asɛm. Wɔn mmoa no bɛyɛ ahoɔden fibea kɛse. Afei nso, sɛ wote nka sɛ woayɛ basaa na woahaw a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ma ɔmfa wo nkɔma adwenemyare ho ɔfotufo. Ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ w’ani wu, na ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ so yɛ den ma wo ba.
Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wobetumi ahu wɔ tebea yi mu?
- Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a emu yɛ den: Esiane sɛ hemoglobin a ɛba fam koraa nti, abofra no te ɔbrɛ ne ɔbrɛ nka bere nyinaa. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea wɔn ho ayɛ fitaa.
- Onyin a ɛyɛ mmerɛw: Sɛ wɔde toto mmofra afoforo ho a, akokoaa no nyin brɛoo koraa.
- Akisikuru ne mmerɛbo a ɛtrɛw:Bere a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a asɛe pii boaboa ano wɔ akisikuru ne mmerɛbo mu no, bere kɔ so no, saa akwaa ahorow yi nyin nkakrankakra.
- Nnompe a ɛyɛ mmerɛw: Bere a ɛsɛ sɛ nnompe mu ntini no yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ pii no, nnompe no betumi ahuru na nnompe no betumi ayɛ teateaa na ayɛ mmerɛw.
- Mmabunbere a ɛkyɛ: Bere a worenyin no, mmerantebere ne mmabaabere betumi akyɛ esiane nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ hormone dwumadi so nti.
- Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya asikreyare ne mogya a ɛbɛtɔ no nso betumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ mpanyin afe so.
Akwan a wɔfa so sa yare
Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔadi mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a emu yɛ den yi so no, mogya a wɔde ma daa ho hia. Nanso, sɛ wokɔ so ma mogya a, iron dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu betumi akɔ soro a ɛho nhia. Saa dade a ɛboro so yi betumi asɛe mmerɛbo, koma, ne endocrine nhyehyɛe.
Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔasiw eyi ano no, wɔde aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no Iron Chelation Therapy di dwuma. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yi dade a ɛboro so a aboaboa ano wɔ nipadua no mu no fi hɔ. Nnuru bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde ma eyi.
2. Beta Thalassemia a ɛnyɛ nea egyina mogya a wɔde ma so
Wɔsan frɛ eyi Thalassemia Intermedia . Eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu nyɛ den te sɛ Thalassemia Major a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no.
Mpɛn pii no, obi a ɔwɔ saa tebea yi kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn esiane ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ ɔbrɛ a ɛba bere nyinaa, ne honam ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ (jaundice), anaasɛ ontumi nyɛ yiye nti.
Nsɛnkyerɛnne a wobetumi ahu wɔ tebea yi mu
- Akisikuru a ɛyɛ kɛse.
- Mmabunbere a ɛkyɛ.
- Nnompe a ayɛ mmerɛw ne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ebebubu ntɛmntɛm.
- Ɔbrɛ a mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu de ba.
Esiane sɛ tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne mu nyɛ den saa nti, mpɛn pii no ɛho nhia sɛ wɔma mogya daa . Ebia ɛho renhia sɛ wode mogya ma wo nkwa nna nyinaa. Nanso ɛno yɛ wo duruyɛfo na obesi ho gyinae.
3. Beta Thalassemia Ketekete a Ɛyɛ Fɛ
Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ "Thalassemia Su." Wɔ yɛn man yi mu no, nnipa pii frɛ saa tebea yi "sɛ́ obi a ɔde Thalassemia ba."
Eyi ne thalassemia a ɛnyɛ den sen biara . Ebia obi a ɔwɔ saa tebea yi rennya sɛnkyerɛnne foforo biara gye mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu a ɛnyɛ den . Nnipa pii tra ase mfe pii a wonnim mpo sɛ wɔwɔ yare no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wohu no wɔ akwanhyia mu bere a wɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu de hwehwɛ tebea foforo bi no.
Mpɛn pii no, tebea yi nhia ayaresa daa, gye sɛ wote nka sɛ woabrɛ anaasɛ woabrɛ.
Nanso sɛ wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne mpo a, ɛho hia sɛ wuhu sɛ woyɛ obi a wowɔ Thalassemia Trait. Titiriw sɛ woreware anaasɛ woreyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wobɛwo ba a. Efisɛ sɛ wo hokafo nso kura Thalassemia Trait a, asiane wɔ 4 biara mu 1 (25%) sɛ wo ba no benya Thalassemia Major, tebea a emu yɛ den. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa eyi ho na woyɛ nhwehwɛmu no.
| Thalassemia type | Aniberesɛm a ɛyɛ | Nsɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw ne ayaresa |
|---|---|---|
| Thalassemia Kɛse Kɛse | Aniberesɛm paa | Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a emu yɛ den, onyin a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Mogya a wɔde ma daa ne iron chelation ayaresa ho hia. |
| Thalassemia ntamgyinafo | Aniberesɛm a ɛkɔ fam | Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a ɛkɔ fam, ɔbrɛ. Mpɛn pii no, ɛho nhia sɛ wɔde mogya ma wɔn daa. |
| Thalassemia ketewaa (Atete/Su) . | Ɛnyɛ aniberesɛm (carrier tebea) . | Mpɛn pii no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ. Ayaresa biara ho nhia. Nanso nhumu ho hia wɔ abusua nhyehyɛe mu. |
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Beta thalassemia yɛ awosu mu yare a ɛtew hemoglobin a wɔyɛ so.
- Eyi ahorow atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ: kɛse (ɛyɛ den), mfinimfini (ɛyɛ mmerɛw), ne ketewaa (ɛyɛ mmerɛw/ɛyɛ mmerɛw).
- Thalassemia major hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde mogya ma daa na wɔde aduru a wɔde yi dade fi mu.
- Sɛ wowɔ thalassemia minor (a ɛde ɔyare ba) a, ebia worennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Nanso, sɛ worehwɛ akokoaa a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden kwan a, nim a wubehu sɛ ebia wo hokafo nso yɛ obi a ɔsoa nneɛma no ho hia yiye.
- Mfɛre anaasɛ nsuro sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa pefee afa thalassemia ko a wowɔ, n’ayaresa, ne nsɛmmisa biara a ebia wowɔ ho.
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