Ebia woate asɛmfua ‘srade’ no pii, ɛnte saa? Nanso sɛ wo duruyɛfo ka sɛ ‘hyperlipidemia’ a, ebia w’adwene betu afra kakra. Mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nsɛmfua abien yi kyerɛ ade koro. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo mogya mu srade, anaa ‘lipids’ sɛnea yɛfrɛ no no akɔ soro. Eyi yɛ tebea a abu so yiye a mprempren nnipa pii hu wɔ yɛn man yi mu.

Lipid ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ mogya no mu?

Srade anaa srade ahorow pii wɔ yɛn mogya mu. Fa no sɛ yɛn mogya te sɛ ɔkwan. Kar pa ne kar bɔne wɔ saa kwan yi so.

• HDL srade: Eyi ne "srade pa." Ɛte sɛ lɔre a wɔde nwura gu mu. Ɛfa srade a wompɛ a ayɛ kɛse wɔ wo mogya ntini mu no na ɛde kɔ mmerɛbo no mu. Mmɛn no yi saa srade a wompɛ no fi wo nipadua mu. Enti HDL dodow pa a wubenya no ye ma wo nipadua no yiye.

• LDL srade: Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no "srade bɔne." Ɛte sɛ kar bi a ɛregyaw nwura wɔ kwan no so baabiara. Saa LDL srade yi bata yɛn mogya ntini no afasu ho. Bere kɔ so no, eyinom boaboa ano na efi ase siw mogya ntini no mu. Eyi bue kwan ma nyarewa akɛse te sɛ komayare ne akisikuru.

• Triglycerides: Eyi yɛ srade foforo a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu. Nnuan a srade ne asikre wom a yedi titiriw na ɛma ɛba. Eyinom pii dodo nyɛ papa mma nipadua no.

• VLDL srade: Te sɛ LDL no, wobu eyi sɛ srade "bɔne" bi. Sɛ eyi kɔ soro a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no yɛ kɛse.

Dɛn nti na yenya Hyperlipidemia? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa. Ebi yɛ nneɛma a yebetumi adi so, nanso ebi yɛ nneɛma a yentumi.

Dɛn ne srade a ɛboro so ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara na ɛyɛ hu kakra wɔ ha ne eyi: Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi nkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara mfiase no.

Nanso ɔhaw ahorow fi ase sɔre bere a srade boaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini no mu na esiw ano, na ɛmma wonsa no yare bere tenten no. Eyi betumi de tebea horow a emu yɛ den te sɛ:

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Mogya ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ koma no mu no yɛ teateaa esiane srade a ɛwɔ mu nti. Eyi mma koma no nnya mframa pa ne aduannuru a ehia. Eyi betumi ama obi anya koko mu yaw (angina) anaa komayare.
• Koma a Ɛyare: Srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu (plaques) a ayɛ kɛse wɔ mogya ntini no mu no betumi apaapae mpofirim na ayɛ mogya a ɛtɔ. Sɛ mogya a ɛtwetwe yi siw mogya a ɛkɔ koma no fã bi ano koraa a, ɛyɛ komayare. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den, ɛyaw a ɛhyerɛn kɔ anom, mmati, anaa abasa mu, fifiri a ɛyɛ den, ne ahome a ɛyɛ den. Sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea dan a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu (ETU) ntɛm ara.
• Akisikuru: Te sɛ komayare no, akisikuru ba bere a mogya a ɛretu no mu tetew na esiw ntini bi a ɛde mogya kɔ amemene no mu no ano no. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ ne ti a ɛyɛ yaw mpofirim, ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛkasa, nipadua no fã biako a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ne aniwa a ɛyera. Eyi nso yɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ.
• Srade a ɛwɔ honam ani: Wɔtaa hu eyinom wɔ abusua mu srade a ɛdɔɔso mu. Ebetumi ada adi sɛ akuru kɔkɔɔ a ɛbɛn aniwa no (xanthelasmas) anaasɛ akuru a ɛwɔ nsateaa, nkotodwe, ne nsa so (xanthomas).

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi?

Ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobɛfa so ahu sɛ wowɔ hyperlipidemia ne sɛ wobɛyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu . Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ ‘Lipid Profile’ anaa ‘Lipid Panel’. Wɔtaa yɛ sɔhwɛ yi bere a woadi mmuada nnɔnhwerew 9-12 akyi.

Wo duruyɛfo no besusuw nneɛma te sɛ mfe a woadi, ayaresa tebea afoforo, ne abusua aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm ho de ahu sɛ ebia wo srade dodow wɔ asiane mu anaa.

Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn adi tebea yi so?

Afã atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ eyi so a wobedi so. Biako ne sɛ yɛbɛsesa yɛn asetra kwan. Ɔfoforo no ne sɛ wobɛnom nnuru sɛnea oduruyɛfo akyerɛ wo, sɛ ɛho hia a.

1. Asetra mu Nsakrae

Eyinom ne nneɛma a w’ankasa wubetumi ayɛ. Eyinom ne ayaresa no fã a ɛho hia sen biara.

• Aduan pa: Tew nnuan a srade a ɛyɛ dɛ ne trans fats pii wom so. Tow akutu ngo ne mmɛw ngo a wode bedi dwuma no ano hye. Tew nnuan a wɔayam, nam kɔkɔɔ, kyiisi, bɔta, keeki, ne bisket so. Mmom no, di nnuan a ahoɔdennuru wom pii . Oats, aburow a ɛyɛ bruu, aburow a wɔayam, nhabannuru, nnuaba, atoko, akutu, ne atoko nyinaa ye.
• Di mpataa: Sɛ wodi mpataa a srade wom te sɛ salmon, tuna, mackerel, ne sardines anyɛ yiye koraa no nna abien dapɛn biara a, ebetumi aboa ma triglycerides no so atew.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, fa simma 30 teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu da biara, te sɛ nantew a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm, sakre so a wobɛtra, anaa asuguare. Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛyɛ ne nyinaa prɛko pɛ a, kyekyɛ mu simma 10-15 na yɛ no mpɛn pii da biara.
• Gyae sigaretnom ne nsanom: Sɛ wugyae sigaretnom a, ɛbɛma wo srade pa (HDL) akɔ soro. Ɛho hia nso sɛ wogyae nsanom koraa anaasɛ wɔto ano hye kɛse.
• Di wo mu duru so: Sɛ wo mu duru boro so a, wo mu duru a wobɛtew so no boa kɛse ma wohyɛ srade a ɛwɔ wo mu no so.
• Di adwennwen ho dwuma: Fa nneɛma te sɛ adwennwen ne yoga so kura adwene mu yiyedi mu.

2. Nnuru a oduruyɛfo no de ma

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia asetra mu nsakrae mpo rentumi nni wo srade dodow so. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru ama wo.

• Statins: Eyi ne nnuru a wɔtaa de di dwuma de tew srade so. Wɔyɛ adwuma denam srade a ɛba mmerɛbo no mu a wɔtew so.
• Nnuru afoforo: Wɔ statin akyi no, nnuru afoforo te sɛ Ezetimibe, Fibrates, ne PCSK9 inhibitors wɔ hɔ. Wo duruyɛfo na obesi aduru a eye ma wo ho gyinae.