Ðe míaƒo nu tso wò ŋutilã ƒe ŋusẽdɔwɔƒea ŋu ko – lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ?

Èbu alesi míaƒe ŋutilã kpɔa ŋusẽ tso nuɖuɖu siwo míeɖuna me ŋu kpɔa? Emae nye nusi míeyɔna ko be lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ . Ele abe dɔwɔƒe sue aɖe si medzudzɔna o le míaƒe ŋutilã me ene. Dɔwɔƒe siae nana míenɔa agbe, gbɔa ya, bua tame, ƒua du, tia kpo, eye wòkpena ɖe mía ŋu gɔ̃ hã be míahaya ne míedze dɔ.

Nuka tututue nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ?

Kpuie ko la, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nye atike siwo katã yia edzi le wò ŋutilã ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me le sɛkɛnd ɖesiaɖe me ƒe ƒuƒoƒo. Nuwɔna siawoe trɔa nuɖuɖu kple nunono siwo nèɖuna wòzua ŋusẽ. Ŋusẽ sia le abe mɔ̃memi ene na wò ʋu. Woyɔa nusiawo katã dadasɔ be homeostasis. Eyae nye dzɔdzɔmedziɖuɖu si kpena ɖe nusianu si le wò ŋutilã me ŋu wòzɔna nyuie eye wòsɔna.

Ne míele nu ƒom tso lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu la, zi geɖe la, míebua nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ agbɔsɔsɔme si míefiãna le nuɖuɖu si míeɖuna me ŋu. Woyɔa esia be wò ``Metabolic Rate`` . Nu vevi etɔ̃e le eme:

• Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR): Esiae nye ŋusẽ agbɔsɔsɔme si wò ŋutilã hiã be wòalé eƒe dɔ veviwo (gbɔgbɔ, dzi ƒe tsotso) me ɖe asi ne ɖeko mèle naneke wɔm o (abe alɔ̃dɔdɔ ene) gɔ̃ hã.
• Nuɖuɖu ƒe Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi: Ne míele nuɖuɖu ɖum la, ebia ŋusẽ hafi woate ŋu aɖui ahaxɔ eƒe nunyiamewo. Esia tae woyɔnɛ be nuɖuɖu ƒe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi.
• Ŋusẽ si wozãna tsɔ dea kame: Èhiã ŋusẽ ne èle du ƒum, le ti kpom, le kame dem, eye nèle zɔzɔm.

Gake, menye nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ dzodzo koe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nye o. Enye ɖoɖo si sesẽ wu sã si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã bliboa ƒe lãmesẽ dzi.

Eyata nukae lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ sia wɔna ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã ŋu?

Wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nye alesi wò ŋutilã zãa ŋusẽ tsɔ wɔa nusianu si wòwɔna. Ŋusẽ sia tsoa nuɖuɖu siwo míeɖuna me. Ne èle alɔ̃ dɔm gɔ̃ hã la, wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ medzudzɔna gbeɖe o. Enɔa dɔ wɔm, si wɔnɛ be wò ŋutilã nɔa du dzi. Bu nu siawo ŋu kpɔ:

• Gbɔgbɔgbɔgbɔ
• Ʋu ƒe sisi (ʋu si ʋãna le ŋutilã bliboa me) .
• Nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ
• Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi kple wo dzadzraɖo (esia tae abiwo hayana ɖo) .
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ
• Ŋutilã ƒe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ

Be lãmenugbagbeviwo nate ŋu awɔ dɔ nyuie, si alé agbe ɖe te la, ele be lãmenugbagbeviwo nate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nutome ƒe nɔnɔme siwo le tɔtrɔm ŋu, ne wole ɖiɖim ɖe eme gɔ̃ hã. Esia lɔ nɔnɔmewo abe:

• Nuɖuɣiwo
• Nutsitsidɔ ƒe ɣeyiɣiwo (`Nutsitsidɔ`) .
• Dɔwuame
• Ne èle kamedede wɔm
• Ne èle dɔ lém, lé blanui, alo nèxɔ abi
• Le fufɔfɔ kple no nana me

Esia gblɔna na wò be wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ mewɔa dɔ le "duƒuƒu" ɖeka me ɣesiaɣi o. Le ŋkekea ƒe ɣeyiɣi vovovowo me la, le susu vovovowo ta la, wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖea dzesi na wò ŋutilã be wòazã ŋusẽ geɖe alo wu nenema.

Nu vevi evee dzɔna le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me, alo?

Be míaɖe nusi dzɔna le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me me vie la, nuwɔna vevi eve li: catabolism kple anabolism .

Catabolism nye nunyiame gã siwo nèɖuna – si nye carbohydrates, protein kple nuɖuɖu me amiwo – mama ɖe woƒe nɔnɔme bɔbɔetɔwo me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, wò ŋutilã gblẽa carbohydrates me tsɔ wɔa sukli. Sukli sia dona ɖe ʋua me abe sukli ene. Ŋutilã hã dzraa sukli sia ɖo abe glycogen ene – vevietɔ le wò lãmekawo kple aklã me. Nunyiame gã siawoe nye “ami” si lãmenugbagbevi ɖesiaɖe si le wò ŋutilã me hiã.

Anabolism nye nusi to vovo na catabolism. Wò ŋutilã xɔa nu suesuesuewo (abe amino acidwo ene) eye wòƒoa wo nu ƒu tsɔ wɔa xɔtunu gãwo (abe proteinwo ene). Ne èxɔ abi la, ehiã be wò ŋutilã nahaya. Ɣemaɣie anabolism le vevie ŋutɔ. Ele vevie hã na ƒu ƒe tsitsi kple lãmekawo tutuɖo.

Kpuie ko la, catabolism nye nu gãwo gbagbã ƒe ɖoɖo. Anabolism nye nu suesuesuewo ƒoƒo ƒu ɖekae tsɔ wɔa nu gãwo. Ame eve siawo le abe keteke ƒe mɔ eve ene; ɖeka mate ŋu awɔ dɔ nyuie evelia manɔmee o.

Ƒomedodo kae le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple míaƒe kpekpeme dome?

Ame geɖe susuna be nu vevitɔ si tae wò lolo alo dzi ɖena kpɔtɔnae nye kuxi si le wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu. Gake le nyateƒe me la, le dzɔdzɔme nu la, wowɔa ɖoɖo ɖe wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu be wòasɔ ɖe wò ŋutilã ƒe nuhiahiãwo nu. Ƒã hafi lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ koe nana ame ƒe lolo dzina ɖe edzi alo dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Zi geɖe la, ne wò ŋutilã zãa nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ geɖe wu esi nèɖuna la, ke wò lolo dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Ne nusi to vovo na ema dzɔ la, ke èlolona. Ke hã, nu geɖewo li siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ agbɔsɔsɔme si wò ŋutilã hiã dzi – wo dometɔ geɖe sesẽ na mí be míagblɔe ɖi alo anya tututu.

Nukae nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ "kabakaba" kple "blewu"?

Ame si si lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ "kabakaba" le, alo basal metabolic rate kabakaba (`Fast BMR`), fiãa nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ geɖe wu ne wole tsitre ɖe teƒe ɖeka ko gɔ̃ hã. Ne lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ "blewu" le ŋuwò, alo `BMR` blewu la, wò ŋutilã hiã calorie ʋɛ aɖewo be wòate ŋu awɔ gbesiagbedɔwo.Gake ɖo ŋku edzi be wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖeɖe mefia wò ŋutilã ƒe lolome o, eye wò ŋutilã ƒe lolome hã mefia wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ o.

Nukawoe nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe kuxi siawo?

Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie nye nɔnɔme ɖesiaɖe si dzɔna ne kuxi aɖe le alesi wò ŋutilã zãa ŋusẽe ŋu. Esi wònye be woate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe nu manyaxlẽ siwo yia edzi le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me dometɔ ɖesiaɖe dzi ta la, dɔléle siawo ƒomevi vovovo geɖewo li. Abe alesi nàte ŋu akpɔe le susu me ene la, dɔléle siawo ƒe dzesiwo toa vovo ŋutɔ.

Nusiwo ate ŋu ahe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe kuxiwo vɛ dometɔ aɖewoe nye esi:

• Nunyiame ƒe veve: Le kpɔɖeŋu me, vitamin D ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ ate ŋu aɖe calcium ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ dzi akpɔtɔ, si ate ŋu agblẽ nu le ƒuwo ƒe lãmesẽ ŋu. Iron ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ ate ŋu ahe ʋusɔgbɔdɔ vɛ.
• Calorie ƒe masɔmasɔ: Ne èɖua calorie ʋɛ aɖewo wu esi wò ŋutilã hiã le ɣeyiɣi aɖe me la, wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ate ŋu agbɔdzɔ. Nenema ke ne èɖua nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ geɖe akpa la, àte ŋu adzi ɖe edzi.
• Enzyme ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ alo kuxiwo: Nɔnɔme siwo dome míenyi abe phenylketonuria (PKU) ene dzɔna ne enzyme si hiã be wòagbã protein aɖewo mele ŋutilãa me o.
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe masɔmasɔ: Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe kuxiwo, abe ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ (thyroid si mewɔa dɔ nyuie o) ene ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nagbɔdzɔ, si ana ɖeɖi nate ame ŋu eye wòalolo. Hyperthyroidism (thyroid si wɔa dɔ fũu akpa) ate ŋu awɔe kabakaba, si ana ame ƒe lolo naɖiɖi.
• Atikewo, atikewo, kple aɖinuwo ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi: Atikewo abe corticosteroids ene zazã ɣeyiɣi didi ate ŋu ana ame nalolo eye insulin natsi tre ɖe eŋu. Ahanono fũ ate ŋu ado kplamatse aklã ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ.

Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ƒe hatsotso vevi eve li: esiwo nàte ŋu axɔ emegbe le agbe me (Acquired) kple esiwo wodzi wò kplii (Domenyiŋusẽfianu).

Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔléle Siwo Xɔ

Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie aɖewo doa mo ɖa le wò agbenɔɣi. Dɔléle siawo dometɔ geɖe nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ eye wodo ƒome kple lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe masɔmasɔ. Woate ŋu atso ŋutinuwo ƒe gbegblẽ, dɔléle, alo dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe amedzidzedze gbɔ. Ke hã, nu bubuwo hã li siwo gbɔ wòtsona.

Dɔléle mawo ƒe kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye:

• Suklidɔ (Esiae nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dɔléle si bɔ wu) .
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔlélewo (e.g. ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ, ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ) .
• Kpekpeme si mede ame dzi o kple Lolo akpa
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔléle
• Insulin ƒe Tsitretsitsi
• Cushing ƒe Dɔléle

Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔléle Siwo Dome Ame

Domenyinyi ƒe Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔlélewo, alo Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe Vodadawo, nye dɔlélewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe alesi wò ŋutilã wɔa nunyiame alo enzyme aɖewo ŋudɔe dzi. Wotso domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe tɔtrɔ (`Genetic Variant`) si le wò DNA me gbɔ. Ènyi nusiawo ƒe dome tso dziwòla ŋutɔŋutɔwo dometɔ ɖeka alo wo ame evea siaa gbɔ.

Dɔléle alafa geɖe li abe esia ene – wo dometɔ geɖe mebɔ kura o. Kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye:

• Glycogen Dzraɖoƒe Dɔlélewo
• Ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ
• Lysosomal Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe Dɔlélewo
• Maple Syrup Aɖuɖɔtoedɔléle
• Mitochondrial Dɔlélewo
• Tay-Sachs ƒe Dɔléle
• Wilson ƒe dɔlélea

Nukae míate ŋu awɔ be lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanɔ lãmesẽ me?

Wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe lãmesẽ kple wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme le akpa gãtɔ me. Gake afɔɖeɖe aɖewo siwo nàte ŋu aɖe atsɔ akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàdo wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖe ŋgɔ kple wò lãmesẽ bliboae nye esi:

• Yi edzi nànɔ nuɖuɖu si da sɔ ɖum. Mègadzo le nuɖuɖu dzi o. Wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ wɔa dɔ nyuie wu ne ŋusẽtsoƒe si li ke le esi. Nuɖuɖu dzi ɖuɖu alo nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ si mesɔ gbɔ o ɖuɖu ate ŋu ana wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nagbɔdzɔ.
• Lé fɔ ɖe nuɖuɖu siwo me nunyiame le ŋu. Tia atikutsetse yeyewo, amagbewo, protein siwo me ami mele o, nuku blibowo, kple ami siwo naa lãmesẽ.
• Nɔ dɔ dzi. Kamedede, vevietɔ ŋusẽdodo ƒe hehexɔxɔ kple tsitretsitsi ƒe kamedede kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòtu lãmeka ɖo. Lãmetsiwo fiãa nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ geɖe wu ami, ne ètsi tre ɖe teƒe ɖeka ko gɔ̃ hã. Esia ate ŋu ana wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nadzi ɖe edzi.
• Dɔ alɔ̃ nyuie. Alɔ̃dɔdɔ nyuie le vevie hafi lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le lãmesẽ me. Alɔ̃madɔmadɔ nyuie ate ŋu agblẽ nu le wò lãmetsiŋusẽ ŋu eye wòaɖe wò ŋutilã ƒe ŋutete be wòazã ŋusẽ nyuie dzi akpɔtɔ.
• No tsi geɖe. Tsi si sɔ nono kpena ɖe wò ŋutilã ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu wòwɔa dɔ nyuie. Tsikuɖiɖi vie gɔ̃ hã ate ŋu ana wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nagbɔdzɔ.
• Ƒo asa na nuɖuɖu si gbɔ eme alo nutsitsidɔ ɣeyiɣi didi.Ne èɖe nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ dzi kpɔtɔ akpa zi ɖeka alo nètsi nu dɔ atraɖii me la, wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ate ŋu agbɔdzɔ eye wò ŋutilã ate ŋu adze ŋusẽ dzadzraɖo gɔme.

Aleke mawɔ anya ne nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le lãmesẽ me?

Esia nye nusi dzi kpɔkpɔ sesẽ na mí le aƒeme. Ðɔktawo zãa atikewɔwɔ me dodokpɔwo tsɔ léa ŋku ɖe wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu (alesi wò ŋutilã bliboa le dɔ wɔm nyuie). Ʋudodokpɔ eve siwo wozãna wu hena esiae nye Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) kple Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) . Dodokpɔ siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe léa ŋku ɖe nu vevi geɖe siwo le wò ʋu me ŋu. Esiawo naa nyatakaka veviwo tso wò ŋutilã ƒe atikewo ƒe dadasɔ kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu.

Zi geɖe la, ɖɔktawo ɖoa aɖaŋu be ame tsitsiwo nawɔ dodokpɔ siawo dometɔ ɖeka zi ɖeka ya teti le ƒea me. Ne afɔkuwo abe suklidɔ, ʋusɔgbɔdɔ, alo lolo akpa ene le ŋuwò la, wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu aɖo aɖaŋu na wò be nàwɔ dodokpɔ siawo enuenu. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, ʋudodokpɔ kple aɖuɖɔ dodokpɔ bubu vovovowo ate ŋu akpɔ kuxi geɖe siwo le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu.

Ne ètsi dzi ɖe wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu, alo ne èle dzesi siwo mebɔ o abe lolo alo ɖeɖiteameŋu si womenya o ene kpɔm la, kpɔ egbɔ be yeƒo nu kple wò ɖɔkta. Ate ŋu aɖo aɖaŋu na wò be nàwɔ dodokpɔwo be nàse wò lãmesẽ gɔme nyuie wu eye wòakpe ɖe ŋuwò nàna wòanyo ɖe edzi.

Nu vevitɔ kekeake si dzi wòle be míaɖo ŋkui (Take-Home Message) .

Eyata, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le abe dɔwɔla sesẽwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe ene le míaƒe ŋutilã me. Woawo manɔmee la, míate ŋu agbɔ ya, abu tame, alo anɔ agbe o. Zi geɖe la, míebua lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu le nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ agbɔsɔsɔme si míetɔa dzoe nu, gake egoglo wu eye wòsesẽ wu ema. Ele vevie ŋutɔ na wò lãmesẽ bliboa.

Ne nyabiase alo dzimaɖitsitsi aɖewo le asiwò ku ɖe wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu la, mègavɔ̃ be yeaƒo nu kple wò ƒomea ƒe ɖɔkta alo vixela o. Wole afima be yewoakpe ɖe ŋuwò. See? Nu vevitɔ kekeakee nye be nàlé be na wò ŋutilã.

` Lãmetsiŋusẽ, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, ŋusẽ, nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ, kpekpeme dzi ɖuɖu, lãmesẽ, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dɔlélewo