Shin za mu yi magana ne kawai game da masana'antar makamashi ta jikinka - metabolism?

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yadda jikinmu ke samun kuzari daga abincin da muke ci? Wannan shine abin da muke kira metabolism . Kamar ƙaramin masana'anta ne a cikin jikinmu. Wannan masana'anta ita ce ke sa mu rayu, numfashi, tunani, gudu, tsalle, har ma da taimaka mana mu warke idan muka yi rashin lafiya.

Menene ainihin metabolism?

A taƙaice dai, metabolism shine jimlar dukkan hanyoyin sinadarai da ke faruwa a cikin ƙwayoyin jikinka a kowace daƙiƙa. Waɗannan hanyoyin sune abin da ke mayar da abinci da abin sha da kake ci zuwa makamashi. Wannan makamashi kamar fetur ne ga motarka. Ci gaba da duk wannan a cikin daidaito ana kiransa homeostasis. Wato, iko na halitta wanda ke taimaka wa komai a jikinka ya gudana cikin sauƙi da kyau.

Idan muka yi magana game da metabolism, sau da yawa muna tunanin adadin adadin kuzari da muke ƙonawa daga abincin da muke ci. Wannan ana kiransa "Matsakaicin Metabolic" . Akwai manyan abubuwa uku da suka shafi:

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Metabolic (BMR): Wannan shine adadin kuzarin da jikinka ke buƙata don kiyaye ayyukansa na asali (numfashi, bugun zuciya) koda lokacin da ba ka yin komai (kamar barci).
• Tasirin thermic na Abinci: Idan muka ci abinci, yana buƙatar kuzari don narke shi da kuma shan abubuwan gina jiki da ke cikinsa. Shi ya sa ake kiransa da tasirin thermic na abinci.
• Makamashin da ake amfani da shi don motsa jiki: Kana buƙatar kuzari lokacin da kake gudu, tsalle, motsa jiki, da tafiya.

Amma, metabolism ba wai kawai yana nufin ƙona kalori ba ne. Tsarin tsari ne mai rikitarwa wanda ke shafar lafiyar dukkan jikinmu.

To, me wannan metabolism yake yi wa jikinmu?

Tsarin narkewar abinci (metabolism) na jikinka shine yadda jikinka ke amfani da kuzari don yin duk abin da yake yi. Wannan kuzarin yana fitowa ne daga abincin da muke ci. Ko da lokacin da kake barci, tsarin narkewar abinci ba ya tsayawa. Yana ci gaba da aiki, yana sa jikinka ya yi aiki. Ka yi tunani game da waɗannan abubuwa:

• Numfashi
• Zagayen jini (ziyarar jini a cikin jiki)
• narkewar abinci
• Girman ƙwayoyin halitta da gyaran su (wannan shine dalilin da yasa raunuka ke warkewa)
• Gudanar da matakan hormone
• Daidaita zafin jiki

Domin samun ingantaccen metabolism mai dorewa, dole ne ƙwayoyin halitta su iya daidaitawa da canjin yanayin muhalli, koda lokacin da suke hutawa. Wannan ya haɗa da yanayi kamar:

• Lokutan cin abinci
• Lokutan Azumi ('Azumi')
• Yunwa
• Lokacin da ake yin motsa jiki
• Lokacin da kake rashin lafiya, baƙin ciki, ko rauni
• A lokacin daukar ciki da shayarwa

Wannan yana nuna maka cewa tsarin metabolism ɗinka ba koyaushe yake aiki a "gudun" iri ɗaya ba. A lokuta daban-daban na rana, saboda dalilai daban-daban, tsarin metabolism ɗinka yana nuna wa jikinka cewa yana amfani da makamashi fiye da ko ƙasa da haka.

Akwai manyan matakai guda biyu a cikin metabolism, ko ba haka ba?

Don ƙarin bayani game da abin da ke faruwa a cikin metabolism, akwai manyan matakai guda biyu: catabolism da anabolism .

Tsarin narkewar abinci shine tsarin rarraba sinadaran da kuke ci - wato carbohydrates, furotin da kitsen abinci - zuwa cikin mafi sauƙin sifofi. Misali, jikinku yana wargaza carbohydrates don yin glucose. Wannan glucose ana sakin shi cikin jini a matsayin sukari. Jiki kuma yana adana wannan glucose a matsayin glycogen - galibi a cikin tsokoki da hanta. Waɗannan sinadaran sune "man fetur" da kowace ƙwayar halitta a jikinku ke buƙata.

Anabolism akasin catabolism ne. Jikinka yana ɗaukar ƙananan raka'a (kamar amino acid) yana haɗa su don yin manyan sifofi (kamar furotin). Idan ka ji rauni, jikinka yana buƙatar warkewa. A lokacin ne anabolism yake da matuƙar muhimmanci. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don ci gaban ƙashi da gina tsoka.

A taƙaice dai, catabolism tsari ne na rushe manyan abubuwa. Anabolism tsari ne na haɗa ƙananan abubuwa don yin manyan abubuwa. Waɗannan biyun suna kama da layukan jirgin ƙasa guda biyu; ɗaya ba zai iya aiki yadda ya kamata ba tare da ɗayan ba.

Menene alaƙar da ke tsakanin metabolism da nauyinmu?

Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa babban dalilin ƙara kiba ko rage kiba matsala ce da ke tattare da metabolism ɗinka. Amma a zahiri, metabolism ɗinka ana tsara shi ta halitta don dacewa da buƙatun jikinka. Metabolism ba kasafai yake zama kawai dalilin ƙara kiba ko rage kiba ba. A mafi yawan lokuta, idan jikinka yana amfani da adadin kuzari fiye da yadda kake ɗauka, to za ka rage kiba. Idan akasin haka ya faru, za ka ƙara kiba. Duk da haka, akwai abubuwa da yawa da ke shafar adadin adadin kuzarin da jikinka ke buƙata - waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu suna da wuya mu yi hasashen ko mu san daidai.

Menene metabolism mai sauri da "sanyi"?

Mutumin da ke da saurin narkewar abinci, ko kuma saurin narkewar abinci mai sauri (`BMR` mai sauri), yana ƙona ƙarin adadin kuzari ko da lokacin da yake tsaye cak. Idan kana da saurin narkewar abinci mai "sanyi", ko kuma jinkirin `BMR`, jikinka yana buƙatar ƙarancin adadin kuzari don gudanar da ayyukan yau da kullun.Amma ka tuna, yawan metabolism ɗinka kaɗai ba ya ƙayyade girman jikinka, kuma girman jikinka ba ya ƙayyade yawan metabolism ɗinka.

Menene waɗannan matsalolin metabolism?

Matsalar metabolism ita ce kowace irin matsala da ke faruwa idan akwai matsala da yadda jikinka ke amfani da makamashi. Tunda duk wani tsari mara adadi da ke tattare da metabolism zai iya shafar, akwai nau'ikan waɗannan cututtuka daban-daban. Kamar yadda za ku iya tunanin, alamun waɗannan cututtuka sun bambanta sosai.

Ga wasu daga cikin dalilan da ke haifar da matsalolin metabolism:

• Rashin sinadarin gina jiki: Misali, rashin sinadarin bitamin D na iya rage shan sinadarin calcium, wanda zai iya shafar lafiyar ƙashi. Rashin sinadarin iron na iya haifar da rashin jini.
• Rashin daidaiton kalori: Idan kana cin ƙarancin kalori fiye da yadda jikinka yake buƙata tsawon lokaci, metabolism ɗinka zai iya raguwa. Hakazalika, idan ka cinye kalori da yawa, za ka iya ƙara nauyi.
• Rashin isasshen sinadarin enzyme ko matsaloli: Yanayi kamar phenylketonuria (PKU) suna faruwa ne lokacin da jiki ba shi da wani sinadarin enzyme da ake buƙata don wargaza wasu furotin.
• Rashin daidaiton sinadarin hormones: Matsalolin thyroid, kamar hypothyroidism (ƙarancin thyroid), na iya rage yawan metabolism, wanda ke haifar da gajiya da ƙaruwar nauyi. Rashin isasshen sinadarin thyroid (ƙarancin thyroid) na iya hanzarta shi, wanda ke haifar da raguwar nauyi.
• Illolin magunguna, magunguna, da gubobi: Amfani da magunguna kamar corticosteroids na dogon lokaci na iya haifar da ƙaruwar nauyi da kuma juriya ga insulin. Shan barasa fiye da kima na iya kawo cikas ga metabolism na hanta.

Akwai manyan rukunoni guda biyu na matsalolin rayuwa: waɗanda za ku iya kamuwa da su daga baya a rayuwa (An samo su) da kuma waɗanda aka haife ku da su (Genetic).

Matsalolin Abinci da Aka Samu

Wasu matsalolin metabolism suna tasowa a rayuwarka. Yawancin waɗannan cututtukan suna faruwa ne sakamakon rashin daidaituwar tsarin endocrine kuma suna da alaƙa da rashin daidaituwar hormonal. Suna iya faruwa ne sakamakon lalacewar gabobi, cututtuka, ko hare-haren autoimmune. Duk da haka, akwai wasu dalilai kuma.

Wasu misalan irin waɗannan cututtuka sune:

• Ciwon sukari mellitus (wannan shine mafi yawan lokuta na ciwon suga)
• Cututtukan thyroid (misali, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism)
• Ƙananan Kiba da Kiba
• Ciwon metabolism
• Juriyar Insulin
• Ciwon Cushing

Matsalolin Gado na Abinci Mai Gina Jiki

Matsalolin da Suka Shafi Tsarin Gina Jiki, ko Kurakuran da Suka Shafi Tsarin Gina Jiki, rukuni ne na cututtuka da ke shafar yadda jikinka ke sarrafa wasu sinadarai ko enzymes. Ana haifar da su ne ta hanyar bambancin kwayoyin halitta (`Bambancin Halitta`) a cikin DNA ɗinka. Kana gadon waɗannan daga ɗaya ko duka iyayenka na halitta.

Akwai ɗaruruwan cututtuka irin wannan - da yawa daga cikinsu ba kasafai suke faruwa ba. Wasu misalai sune:

• Cututtukan Ajiyar Glycogen
• Haemochromatosis
• Matsalolin Ajiya na Lysosomal
• Cutar Maple Syrup ta Fitsari
• Cututtukan Mitochondrial
• Cutar Tay-Sachs
• Cutar Wilson

Me za mu iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar metabolism?

Lafiyar metabolism ɗinka da kuma yadda metabolism ɗinka ke aiki ba su da wani tasiri a kan lafiyarka. Duk da haka, ga wasu matakai da za ka iya ɗauka don taimakawa wajen haɓaka metabolism ɗinka da lafiyarka gaba ɗaya:

• Ci gaba da cin abinci mai kyau. Kada ka tsallake abinci. Tsarin metabolism ɗinka yana aiki mafi kyau idan yana da tushen kuzari mai ɗorewa. Kauracewa abinci ko cin ƙarancin kalori na iya rage yawan metabolism ɗinka.
• Mayar da hankali kan abinci mai gina jiki. Zaɓi sabbin 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, furotin marasa kitse, hatsi cikakke, da kitse mai lafiya.
• Ka kasance mai aiki tukuru. Motsa jiki, musamman motsa jiki na ƙarfafa jiki da kuma motsa jiki na juriya, yana taimakawa wajen gina tsoka. Tsoka tana ƙona kalori fiye da kitse, koda kuwa kana tsaye cak. Wannan zai iya ƙara yawan kuzarin metabolism.
• Samun isasshen barci. Barci mai kyau yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen metabolism. Rashin samun isasshen barci na iya kawo cikas ga hormones ɗinku kuma ya rage ƙarfin jikinku na amfani da makamashi yadda ya kamata.
• Sha ruwa mai yawa. Shan isasshen ruwa yana taimaka wa tsarin metabolism na jikinka yayi aiki yadda ya kamata. Ko da ɗan bushewar jiki na iya rage ƙarfin metabolism ɗinka.
• A guji cin abinci mai tsanani ko kuma yin azumi na tsawon lokaci.Ko dai ta hanyar rage yawan kalori ba zato ba tsammani ko kuma ta hanyar yin azumi akai-akai, metabolism naka zai iya raguwa kuma jikinka zai iya fara adana kuzari.

Ta yaya zan san ko metabolism dina yana da lafiya?

Wannan wani abu ne da yake mana wahala mu kula da shi a gida. Likitoci suna amfani da gwaje-gwajen likita don duba tsarin metabolism ɗinka (yadda jikinka yake aiki gaba ɗaya). Gwaje-gwajen jini guda biyu da aka fi amfani da su don wannan sune Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) da Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) . Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen yana duba abubuwa da yawa masu mahimmanci a cikin jininka. Waɗannan suna ba da mahimman bayanai game da daidaiton sinadarai na jikinka da metabolism.

Likitoci gabaɗaya suna ba da shawarar manya su yi ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara. Idan kuna da abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗari kamar ciwon suga, hawan jini, ko kiba, likitanku zai iya ba da shawarar ku yi waɗannan gwaje-gwaje akai-akai. Bugu da ƙari, wasu gwaje-gwajen jini da gwaje-gwajen fitsari daban-daban na iya tantance matsaloli da yawa tare da metabolism.

Idan kana da wata damuwa game da yadda metabolism ɗinka ke aiki, ko kuma idan kana fuskantar alamu marasa kyau kamar ƙaruwar nauyi ko gajiya da ba a bayyana ba, ka tabbata ka yi magana da likitanka. Zai iya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje don fahimtar lafiyarka da kuma taimaka maka inganta ta.

Abu mafi mahimmanci da ya kamata mu tuna (Saƙon Kai-Gida)

Don haka, metabolism kamar ƙungiyar ma'aikata ne masu aiki tuƙuru a jikinmu. Ba tare da su ba, ba za mu iya numfashi, tunani, ko rayuwa ba. Sau da yawa muna tunanin metabolism dangane da adadin kalori da muke ƙonawa, amma ya fi zurfi da rikitarwa fiye da haka. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya.

Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko damuwa game da yadda jikinku ke aiki yadda ya kamata, kada ku ji tsoron yin magana da likitan iyali ko ungozoma. Suna nan don taimaka muku. Kun fahimta? Abu mafi mahimmanci shine kula da jikinku.

Metabolism , tsarin metabolism, kuzari, narkewar abinci, sarrafa nauyi, lafiya, cututtukan metabolism