Wataƙila kun ji labarin ' testosterone ' `( testosterone )'. Kalma ce da ake dangantawa da kuzarin namiji, ƙarfi, da kuma kamannin jiki. Duk da haka, wannan muhimmin hormone ba wai ga maza kaɗai ba ne. Bari mu dubi ainihin menene testosterone, yadda yake aiki, da kuma yadda yake shafar jikinku.
Menene Daidaiton Testosterone?
Domin fahimtar rawar da yake takawa, bari mu fara da muhimman abubuwa. A taƙaice dai, testosterone wani sinadari ne na hormone . Ana samar da shi ne ta hanyar glandar jima'i, wadda aka fi sani da 'gonads' ɗinka. Musamman ma, ana samar da shi ne a cikin ' gwangwani ' a cikin maza, da kuma a cikin ' kwangwani ' a cikin mata.
Bugu da ƙari, glandar adrenal ɗinku `(adrenal glands)` tana samar da wani hormone da ake kira dehydroepiandrosterone `(Dehydroepiandrosterone – DHEA)`. Sannan jikinku yana canza wannan `(DHEA)` zuwa wasu hormones , gami da testosterone da estrogen `(estrogen)`.
Testosterone shine babban sinadarin androgen `(androgen)` . Androgen wani sinadari ne da ke motsa ci gaban halayen maza. Saboda haka, maza suna da matakan testosterone masu yawa a jikinsu.
Shin Testosterone Steroid ne?
Za ka iya mamaki, "Shin testosterone steroid ne?" Haka ne, testosterone na halitta hakika steroid ne - wanda aka sanya shi musamman a matsayin steroid anabolic-androgenic `(anabolic-androgenic steroid)`. "Anabolic" `(Anabolic)` yana nufin gina tsoka, yayin da "androgenic" `(androgenic)` yana nufin ci gaban halayen jinsi na maza.
Duk da haka, idan mutane suka fi kiran "anabolic steroids" `(anabolic steroids)`, yawanci suna magana ne game da nau'ikan testosterone na roba (wanda ɗan adam ya ƙera) waɗanda aka ƙera a dakin gwaje-gwaje. Waɗannan su ne sinadaran da wani lokacin ake allura ko kuma a sha ba daidai ba.
Daga mahangar likitanci, kwararru a fannin kiwon lafiya suna rubuta sinadarin testosterone na roba don magance cututtuka daban-daban. Misali, shine babban bangaren da ake amfani da shi wajen maganin hormone na maza `(Masculinizing Hormone therapy)`.
Abin takaici, wasu 'yan wasa da masu gina jiki suna amfani da sinadarin testosterone (anabolic steroids) a cikin adadi mai yawa don haɓaka aiki ko canza yanayin jikinsu. Wannan nau'in amfani da shi ba daidai ba na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako . Bayan lokaci, yana iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya masu haɗari kamar toshewar jini, bugun jini (bugun jini), kuma yana iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar prostate (ciwon daji na prostate ). Amfani da waɗannan abubuwan ba tare da kulawar likita ba yana da matuƙar haɗari kuma ba a ba da shawarar ba.
Menene Testosterone ke yi a jikinka?
To, menene ainihin rawar da testosterone `(Testosterone)` ke takawa a jikinka? Ayyukanta suna canzawa kuma suna daidaitawa a matakai daban-daban na rayuwarka. Bari mu kalli yadda take aiki a waɗannan muhimman matakai:
- Ci gaban tayi `(Ci gaban tayi)`
- Balaga namiji `(Balaga ga yara maza)`
- Balaga `(Balaga)`
Matsayin Testosterone a Ci gaban Dabbobi
Yayin da tayin ke girma a cikin mahaifa, kwayar halittar da ke tantance jinsi a cikin kwayar halittar Y tana haifar da ci gaban ƙwai (ƙwai) a cikin 'yan tayin maza a kusan makonni bakwai na ciki. Waɗannan ƙwai daga nan sai su fara samar da testosterone.
A wannan matakin tayin, testosterone shine babban abin da ke da alhakin hakandon jagorantar ci gaban gabobin haihuwa na ciki da na waje na maza.
Testosterone a lokacin Balaga da Maza
Idan yaro ya fara balaga, sinadarin testosterone yana haifar da gagarumin sauyi a jiki. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- Girman girma cikin sauri.
- Girman jiki, fuska, da gashin gaba.
- Faɗaɗa azzakari `(azzakari)`, gwaiduwa `(gwaiduwa)`, da kuma prostate gland `(prostate gland)`.
- Ƙara sha'awar jima'i `(libido)` da kuma wayar da kan jama'a game da jima'i.
Testosterone a cikin Manya Maza
A lokacin girma, maza suna buƙatar testosterone don samar da maniyyi . Bugu da ƙari, yana taimakawa wajen:
- Yi wa jikinka alama don ya samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin jinin ja.
- Kiyaye ƙasusuwa masu ƙarfi da kuma ƙarfin tsoka.
- Ka tsara sha'awar jima'i `(libido)` kuma ka goyi bayan yanayi mai kwanciyar hankali.
Testosterone a cikin Matan Manya
Za ka iya yin mamaki, "Shin mata ma suna buƙatar testosterone?" Hakika. A cikin mata, testosterone yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye sha'awar jima'i `(libido)`. Duk da haka, yawancin testosterone da kwai ke samarwa `(ovaries)` ana canza shi zuwa estradiol `(estradiol)` , wanda shine babban sinadarin jima'i na mata.
Yaya ake daidaita matakin Testosterone ɗinku?
Ta yaya jikinka yake kula da matakan testosterone na jini (Testosterone)? Ya dogara ne akan tsarin amsawar ciki mai matuƙar inganci. Yawanci, matakan testosterone naka suna da yawa da safe kuma a hankali suna raguwa yayin da rana ke ci gaba.
Adadin sinadarin testosterone da gonads ɗinka ke samarwa da kuma fitar da shi - gwaiduwarka '(gwaiduwa)' ko kwai (ovaries)' - yana ƙarƙashin manyan wurare guda biyu a cikin kwakwalwarka: hypothalamus '(Hypothalamus)' da kuma glandar pituitary '(Pituitary gland)'.
Ga yadda wannan tsari yake aiki mataki-mataki:
1. Hypothalamus ɗinka `(Hypothalamus)` yana fitar da hormone mai sakin gonadotropin `(Hormon mai sakin gonadotropin – GnRH)`.
2. Wannan `(GnRH)` yana nuna alamar glandar pituitary `(Pituitary gland)` don fitar da hormone na luteinizing `(LH)`.
3. `(LH)` yana tafiya ta cikin jinin jikinka zuwa ga `(gonads)`, yana motsa su don samar da kuma fitar da testosterone. (A cikin kwai na mata, `(LH)` galibi yana motsa samar da estrogen `(estrogen)` da progesterone `(progesterone)`.)
Yayin da matakan testosterone na jini ke ƙaruwa, suna nuna alamar hypothalamus don rage sakin `(GnRH)`. Wannan madaurin martani mara kyau yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye testosterone ɗinku cikin ƙoshin lafiya, yana aiki kamar na'urar dumama jiki ta atomatik .
Idan wani ɓangare na wannan madauki—hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)`, glandar pituitary `(Pituitary gland)`, ko gonads `(gonads)`—ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata, zai iya haifar da matakan testosterone marasa kyau.
Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ne ke auna matakan Testosterone?
Idan mai kula da lafiyar ku yana zargin cewa matakan testosterone ɗin ku (Testosterone) sun wuce yadda aka saba, za su iya ba da shawarar gwajin jini ɗaya ko fiye, gami da:
- Gwajin jini na testosterone gaba ɗaya `(Jimillar gwajin jini na testosterone)`: Ana yin wannan ne da safe lokacin da matakan testosterone ɗinku suka kai kololuwarsu.
- Gwajin jini na hormone mai motsa follicle `(Hormone mai motsa follicle - FSH)`.
- Gwajin jini na luteinizing `(LH)`.
Menene Matakan Testosterone na Al'ada ta Shekaru?
Menene mizanin da aka saba amfani da shi don testosterone `(Testosterone)`? Ana auna waɗannan ƙimomin a cikin nanograms a kowace deciliter `(ng/dL)`.
Don Allah a tunacewa abin da ake ɗauka a matsayin "al'ada" na iya bambanta kaɗan dangane da takamaiman gwajin jini da aka yi amfani da shi da kuma dakin gwaje-gwajen da ke nazarin samfurin samfurin ku. Likitan ku koyaushe zai fassara sakamakon ku bisa ga takamaiman kewayon ma'auni da dakin gwaje-gwajen ya bayar. Idan kuna da wata damuwa game da lambobin ku, ya fi kyau ku tattauna su kai tsaye tare da mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya.
Ga wasu jagororin gabaɗaya don matakan testosterone na yau da kullun:
Matakan Testosterone na yau da kullun ga Maza `(ng/dL)`:
- Watanni 0 zuwa 5: 75 – 400
- Watanni 6 zuwa shekaru 9: Ƙasa da 7
- Shekaru 10 zuwa 11: 7 - 130
- Shekaru 12 zuwa 13: 7 - 800
- Shekaru 14: 7 - 1,200
- Shekaru 15 zuwa 16: 100 – 1,200
- Shekaru 17 zuwa 18: 300 – 1,200
- Shekaru 19+: 240 – 950
Matakan Testosterone na yau da kullun ga mata `(ng/dL)`:
- Watanni 0 zuwa 5: 20 - 80
- Watanni 6 zuwa shekaru 9: Ƙasa da 7
- Shekaru 10 zuwa 11: 7-44
- Shekaru 12 zuwa 16: 7 - 75
- Shekaru 17 zuwa 18: 20 - 75
- Shekaru 19+: 8 - 60
Lura: Waɗannan lambobi jerin bayanai ne na gabaɗaya. Yin magana da mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya shine hanya mafi kyau don fahimtar ma'anar waɗannan sakamakon ga bayanin lafiyar ku na musamman.
Me ke haifar da yawan sinadarin Testosterone?
Akwai wasu cututtuka da dama da ke iya sa jikinka ya samar da sinadarin testosterone mai yawa (Testosterone)'. Ga wasu daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi haifar da hakan:
- Ciwon Kwaikwayo na Polycystic `(Ciwon Kwaikwayo na Polycystic – PCOS)`: Wannan rashin daidaiton hormone ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari wanda ke shafar mutanen da ke da kwaikwayo. Kwaikwayo suna samar da yawan androgens `(androgens)`, musamman testosterone. Wannan rashin daidaito na iya haifar da alamu kamar girman gashi da ba a so, kuraje, da kuma rashin daidaituwar lokacin haila.
- Ciwon Haihuwar Adrenal Hyperplasia `(Ciwon Haihuwar Adrenal Hyperplasia – CAH)`: `(CAH)` rukuni ne na cututtukan kwayoyin halitta `(maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta)` wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin muhimman enzymes `(enzymes)` a cikin glandar adrenal. Ana buƙatar waɗannan enzymes don yin cortisol `(cortisol)`—hormone da ke taimaka wa jikinka ya mayar da martani ga damuwa. Ba tare da su ba, glandar adrenal ta fi samar da wasu hormones, gami da testosterone.
- Ciwon kwai ko na gwaiwa `(Ciwon kwai ko na gwaiwa)`: Wasu ciwace-ciwacen kwai ko na gwaiwa na iya fitar da sinadarin androgen mai yawa `(androgen)`.
- Ciwon adrenal `(Ciwon adrenal)`: Ko da yake ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, wasu ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin glandar adrenal na iya samar da sinadarin jima'i fiye da kima, gami da androgens (testosterone), estrogen `(estrogen)`, ko duka biyun.
Tasirin sinadarin testosterone mai yawa (Testosterone) a jikinka ya bambanta sosai dangane da jinsi da aka sanya maka a lokacin haihuwa da kuma shekarunka.
Babban Testosterone a cikin maza
A cikin maza manya, matakan testosterone masu yawa da ke faruwa a zahiri ba kasafai suke faruwa ba kuma yawanci ba sa nuna alamun bayyanar su da kansu.
Duk da haka, idan samari ƙanana suna da yawan sinadarin testosterone, zai iya haifar da balaga ta farko (da wuri) `(balaga ta farko)` , ma'ana balaga ta fara ne kafin ta kai shekara tara.
Babban Testosterone a cikin Mata
A cikin jarirai mata, yawan sinadarin testosterone mai yawa na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwar al'aura, kamar ƙara girman kibiya `(clitoris)`. A cikin ƙananan 'yan mata, yana iya haifar da balaga `(precocious balaga)`, tare da balaga yana farawa kafin shekaru takwas.
A cikin manyan mata, yawan sinadarin testosterone sau da yawa babban alama ne na cutar Polycystic Ovary Syndrome `(PCOS)` . Wannan cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare gama gari, tana shafar har zuwa kashi 15% na mata masu shekaru haihuwa.
`(PCOS)` na iya haifar da alamu kamar:
- Kurajen fuska masu tsanani `(Kurajen fuska)`.
- Girman gashi mai yawa a fuska da jiki (wani yanayi da aka sani da hirsutism `(hirsutism)`).
- Haila mara tsari ko kuma rashin daidaituwa `(Haila mara tsari)`.
- Gashin maza yana yin siriri ko kuma yana yin barewa.
- Zurfafa muryar.
Me Zai Faru Idan Matakan Testosterone ɗinku Sun Yi Ƙasa?
Bari mu tattauna abin da ke faruwa idan matakan testosterone `(Testosterone)` suka faɗi ƙasa da yadda aka saba . Gabaɗaya, ƙarancin testosterone yana haifar da alamun da ake iya gani musamman a cikin maza, wani yanayi da aka sani da hypogonadism na maza `(hypogonadism na maza)`.
Akwai manyan rarrabuwa guda biyu na hypogonadism na maza `(hypogonadism na maza)`: na gargajiya (wanda zai iya kasancewa na haihuwa ko kuma wanda aka haifa) da kuma na farkon lokaci.
Hypogonadism na maza na gargajiya `(Girman maza na gargajiya)` yana faruwa ne lokacin da wani yanayi na rashin lafiya, rauni, ko cuta ya shafi gwaiwa `(gwaiwa)`, glandar pituitary `(glandin pituitary)`, ko hypothalamus `(hypothalamus)`. Wannan na iya zama na haihuwa (wanda ke faruwa tun daga haihuwa, kamar cutar Klinefelter `(Cutar Klinefelter)` ko cutar Kallmann `(Cutar Kallmann)`) ko kuma wanda aka samu daga baya a rayuwa saboda rauni, kamuwa da cuta, ko wasu cututtuka (wanda aka samu).
Rashin lafiyar maza a lokacin da aka fara samun cutar "hypogonadism " a lokacin da aka fara samun cutar "maza a lokacin da aka fara samun cutar" yana faruwa ne sakamakon tsufa da kuma matsalolin lafiya da suka shafi shekaru, musamman kiba "(kiba)" da kuma ciwon suga na nau'in 2 "(ciwon suga na nau'in 2)". Wannan yanayin yana shafar kusan kashi 2% na maza sama da shekaru 40.
Alamomin ƙarancin testosterone sun dogara ne akan lokacin da ƙarancin testosterone ya fara.
Ƙarancin Testosterone A Lokacin Ci gaban Ciki na Ɗaki
Rashin sinadarin testosterone `(rashin sinadarin testosterone)` yayin ci gaban tayi na iya hana halayen maza na yau da kullun su samar da kyau. Babban misali na wannan shine Ciwon Rashin Tsarin Androgen `(Ciwon Rashin Tsarin Androgen - AIS)`, wanda ke faruwa lokacin da tayin namiji na halitta bai iya amsawa ga androgens `(androgens)` (hormones na jima'i na maza ba).
Ana rarraba `(AIS)` a matsayin matsalar ci gaban jima'i `(rashin bambancin jinsi)`. Yana shafar ci gaban jima'i a cikin mahaifa da kuma lokacin balaga. Saboda haka, gabobin haihuwa na maza na yau da kullun ba za su girma gaba ɗaya ba, kuma mutane galibi suna fuskantar rashin haihuwa `(rashin haihuwa)` a lokacin girma.
Ƙarancin Testosterone A Lokacin Balaga
Idan yaro ya fuskanci karancin sinadarin testosterone a lokacin balaga, yana iya jinkirta ko katse ci gabansa, wanda hakan ke haifar da:
- Saurin girma a hankali, kodayake hannaye da ƙafafu na iya yin tsayi sosai idan aka kwatanta da gangar jikin.
- Gashin gaba da na jiki ba su da yawa ko kaɗan.
- Rage girman azzakari `(azzakari)` da kuma gwaiba `(gwaiba)`.
- Rashin zurfafa muryar.
- Rage ƙarfin jiki da ƙarfin hali idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu.
Ƙananan Testosterone a cikin Manya Maza
Duk da cewa raguwar testosterone a hankali `(Testosterone)` wani bangare ne na halitta na tsufa, raguwar girma mai mahimmanci na iya haifar da alamu masu bayyana, gami da:
- Rashin ƙarfin tsoka da kuma ƙaruwar kitse a jiki ba tare da wani dalili ba.
- Asarar gashi a jiki da fuska.
- Yanayin damuwa `(Yanayin baƙin ciki)` ko kuma rashin jin daɗi.
- Matsalar rashin karfin mazakuta `(Matsalar rashin karfin mazakuta)`.
- Ƙarancin sha'awar jima'i `(Ƙarancin sha'awar jima'i)`.
- Ƙasusuwa masu siriri ko karyewa, waɗanda aka sani da osteoporosis (Osteoporosis)'.
- Wahalar mai da hankali ko canje-canje a cikin ƙwaƙwalwa.
Yaushe Ya Kamata Ka Tuntuɓi Likita Game da Matakan Testosterone ɗinka?
Idan ka gane kowace alama ta yawan testosterone ko ƙarancin testosterone a cikin kanka, ana ba da shawarar ka yi magana da likitanka . Za su iya gudanar da gwaje-gwajen ganewar asali da suka dace ko kuma su tura ka zuwa ga ƙwararren likita, kamar likitan zuciya, don taimaka maka samun amsoshi.
Testosterone yana da mahimmanci ga lafiyar jikinka gaba ɗaya da lafiyar haihuwa. Duk da cewa abu ne na halitta ga matakan hormones ɗinka su canza yayin da suke tsufa, rashin daidaito mai ɗorewa na iya haifar da alamun rashin jin daɗi da kuma shafar ingancin rayuwarka. Labari mai daɗi shine cewa akwai magunguna masu tasiri sosai don taimakawa wajen dawo da daidaito.
Muhimman Abubuwan Da Ya Kamata Ku Tuna: Abin da Ya Kamata Ku Tuna
Bari mu taƙaita muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata ku tuna game da testosterone:
- Testosterone `(Testosterone)` wani muhimmin hormone ne ga maza da mata. Duk da haka, yana nan a cikin matakai mafi girma a cikin maza kuma yana da mahimmanci ga halayen jiki na maza.
- Steroid ne da ke faruwa a jikinka ta halitta. Duk da haka, amfani da steroids na anabolic na roba don haɓaka aiki yana da haɗari kuma yana haifar da manyan haɗarin lafiya.
- Matakan testosterone masu yawa da kuma ƙarancin su na iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya. Gano ainihin dalilin da taimakon likita shine mabuɗin samun maganin da ya dace.
- Idan kana zargin kana da rashin daidaiton sinadarin hormones ko kuma kana fuskantar alamun da ba a saba gani ba, kada ka yi jinkirin yin magana da ƙwararren ma'aikacin lafiya. Likitanka yana nan don taimakawa, kuma neman shawarar likita shine mafi kyawun matakin da za ka iya ɗauka.
Ka tuna, fifita lafiyarka alama ce ta ƙarfi. Kada ka yi jinkirin tuntuɓar ƙwararren ma'aikacin lafiya duk lokacin da kake da tambayoyi ko damuwa game da jikinka.
Lakabi: Testosterone, Hormones, Lafiyar Maza, Lafiyar Mata, Balaga, Hormones na Jima'i, Hypogonadism
