Shin kana jin gajiya da kasala ba tare da wani dalili ba a wasu kwanaki? Kana jin nauyi kaɗan? Kana jin sanyi akai-akai? Kodayake sau da yawa muna tunanin cewa waɗannan abubuwa ne na yau da kullun, wani lokacin dalilin waɗannan alamun na iya zama wata cuta da ake kira Cutar Hashimoto. Kada ka damu, wannan ba shi da haɗari kamar yadda sunan ya nuna. Bari mu yi magana game da wannan a sarari kuma a sauƙaƙe.
Menene Cutar Hashimoto?
A taƙaice dai, Hashimoto's cuta ce da ke shafar glandar thyroid sakamakon wata matsala da ke tattare da garkuwar jikinmu. Wannan ana kiranta da yanayin garkuwar jiki . Wannan yana nufin cewa tsarin tsaron jikinmu yana kai hari ga ƙwayoyin halittarmu masu lafiya bisa kuskure, a wannan yanayin glandar thyroid. Wannan yawanci yanayi ne na tsawon rai (na yau da kullun).
Ka yi tunani a kai, glandar thyroid wani ƙaramin gland ne mai siffar malam buɗe ido wanda ke ƙarƙashin fata a gaban wuyanmu. Yana cikin tsarin endocrine ɗinmu. Yana samar da hormones na thyroid kuma yana sarrafa abubuwa da yawa a jikinmu.
Babban aikin glandar thyroid shine sarrafa yadda tsarin metabolism na jikinmu yake aiki. Wato, yadda abincin da muke ci yake canzawa zuwa makamashi. Idan muka ji kalmar metabolism, sau da yawa muna tunanin ƙara nauyi da raguwa ne kawai. Amma a zahiri, wannan tsari yana shafar kowace gabobi a jiki, har da zuciyarmu da kwakwalwarmu.
Da cutar Hashimoto, garkuwar jikinmu tana kai hari ga glandar thyroid, wanda hakan ke sa ta kasa samar da isassun hormones na thyroid. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa hypothyroidism . Wannan yana rage yadda muke aiki da sinadaranmu kuma yana haifar da alamu daban-daban.
Yaya wannan cuta ta yaɗu? Wa ya fi kamuwa da ita?
Hashimoto's a zahiri cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare gama gari. A ƙasashe kamar Amurka, mutane 5 cikin 100 suna da wannan cutar. Wannan yanayin yanzu ya zama ruwan dare a Sri Lanka. A ƙasashen da gishiri mai ɗauke da iodized da abinci ke da yawa, cutar Hashimoto ita ce babbar sanadin hypothyroidism.
Duk da cewa wannan cuta na iya bulla a kowane zamani, mata sun fi maza saurin kamuwa da ita sau 10. An fi samunta a tsakanin mata masu shekaru 30 zuwa 50.
Menene alamun cutar Hashimoto?
Wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar Hashimoto ba sa samun wata alama a farkon matakin cutar. Yayin da cutar ke ci gaba, glandar thyroid na iya kumbura a wasu lokutan. Ana kiran wannan goiter.Wannan sau da yawa shine alamar farko ta cutar Hashimoto. Ko da yake ba ta da zafi, za ka iya jin cikar gaba a wuyanka. Hakanan yana iya kama da kumburi.
Bayan lokaci, idan hypothyroidism ta taso saboda cutar Hashimoto, waɗannan alamun na iya bayyana ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
| Alamar | Bayani |
|---|---|
| Gajiya da kasala | Gajiya akai-akai, kasala, da kuma yawan barci ba tare da wani dalili ba. |
| Karin nauyi | Nauyin jiki yana ƙaruwa a hankali duk da rage cin abinci da motsa jiki. |
| Tasirin fata | Busasshen fata, asarar gashi, bushewar gashi da karyewar gashi. |
| Jin sanyi | Jin sanyi sosai, ko da a cikin yanayi na yau da kullun ga wasu. |
| Tasirin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam | Baƙin ciki, baƙin ciki, rashin tunawa, da wahalar mai da hankali. |
| Canje-canje na jiki | Maƙarƙashiya, bugun zuciya a hankali (bradycardia), ciwon tsoka da gaɓɓai, kumburin fuska da idanu. |
| Matsalolin lafiyar haihuwa | Mata na iya fuskantar zagayowar al'ada ba daidai ba ko zubar jini mai yawa, raguwar sha'awar jima'i, da wahalar ɗaukar ciki. |
Yaya jikinka yake ji idan kana da Hashimoto's?
Idan kana da cutar Hashimoto amma ba hypothyroidism ba, ba za ka lura da wani canji ba.
Amma idan kana da hypothyroidism, za ka iya jin kamar komai a jikinka yana aiki a "hanzari."
Ka yi tunanin injin jikinka yana aiki a hankali. Ba ka da kuzarin gudu, tsalle, ko motsa jiki kamar yadda ka saba. Haka nan bugun zuciyarka ya ragu. Kwakwalwarka tana jin hazo, kana mantawa da abubuwa, kuma ba za ka iya mai da hankali ba. Haka kuma kana jin baƙin ciki da takaici. Tsarin narkewar abinci naka yana aiki a hankali, wanda zai iya haifar da maƙarƙashiya.
Idan kai ma kana jin kamar jikinka da hankalinka sun makale kuma suna aiki a hankali, tabbas ka yi magana da likitanka.
Me yasa cutar Hashimoto ke faruwa? Menene abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗari?
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, cutar Hashimoto cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki. Wannan yana nufin cewa tsarin tsaron jikinmu yana aiki a kanmu. Yawanci, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana kare mu daga mamaya daga ƙasashen waje kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Amma a cikin ta Hashimoto, ga abin da ke faruwa:
1. Saboda wani dalili da ba a sani ba, garkuwar jikinka tana fara samar da kwayoyin kariya da ke kai hari ga glandar thyroid.
2. Yawan ƙwayoyin jinin fararen fata, musamman wani nau'in da ake kira lymphocytes , suna taruwa a cikin glandar thyroid.
3. Wannan yana sa glandar thyroid ta kumbura. Wannan ana kiranta thyroiditis . Wannan kumburi da hare-haren antibody suna lalata glandar.
4. Bayan lokaci, wannan lalacewar tana sa glandar thyroid ta kasa samar da isassun hormones ga jiki, wanda hakan ke haifar da hypothyroidism .
Akwai dalilai da dama da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar Hashimoto:
- Tarihin iyali: Idan wani a cikin iyalinka yana da cutar Hashimoto ko wasu matsalolin thyroid, za ka fi kamuwa da ita. Bincike ya nuna cewa kashi 80% na lokuta na kwayoyin halitta ne.
- Jima'i: Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, mata sun fi fuskantar wannan cutar sau 10.
- Shekaru: Haɗarin kamuwa da wannan cuta yana ƙaruwa da shekaru.
Haka kuma, za ka iya kamuwa da cutar Hashimoto idan kana da wata cuta ta daban da ke shafar garkuwar jiki. Misali:
- Ciwon suga na nau'in 1
- Ciwon arthritis na rheumatoid
- Lupus
- Cutar Celiac
Ta yaya ake gane cutar Hashimoto?
Bayan ya yi maka tambaya game da alamomin cutar, likitanka zai fara duba ka. Zai yi maka tausa musamman don duba ko akwai kumburi a cikin glandar thyroid (goiter). Sannan zai yi maka odar gwaje-gwajen jini da dama don tabbatar da ganewar cutar.
- Gwajin Hormone Mai Ƙarfafa Thyroid (TSH): Babban matakin TSH yana nufin cewa glandar thyroid ɗinka ba ta samar da isasshen hormone na T4 ba. Wannan babbar alama ce ta hypothyroidism.
- Gwajin T4 kyauta (Thyroxine): Idan matakin T4 ya yi ƙasa, yana ƙara tabbatar da yanayin hypothyroidism.
- Gwajin Maganin Kariya daga Cututtukan Kansa: Idan kana da waɗannan takamaiman ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin jininka, za a iya tabbatar da cewa cutar Hashimoto ce ke haifar da hypothyroidism.
A wasu lokuta, likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da na'urar daukar hoton thyroid don duba girman glandar thyroid ɗinka da kuma ko akwai wasu ƙusoshi.
Yaya ake yi masa magani?
Ba duk wanda ke dauke da cutar Hashimoto ba ne zai kamu da cutar hypothyroidism. Idan matakan garkuwar jiki na jini suna da yawa amma matakan TSH da T4 naka sun yi daidai, likitanka ba zai fara magani ba, amma zai sa ido a kai ta hanyar yin gwajin jini akai-akai.
Amma idan Hashimoto's ne ke haifar da hypothyroidism, babban magani kuma mafi kyawun magani shine levothyroxine . Wannan hormone ne na roba na T4. Ana shan wannan maganin a matsayin kwaya kowace rana.
Ta hanyar amfani da wannan maganin, za ku iya dawo da matakan hormones na thyroid da ake buƙata a jiki. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine kuna buƙatar shan wannan maganin kowace rana har tsawon rayuwarku .
Yawan maganin da kake buƙata na iya canzawa akan lokaci. Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a yi gwajin jini akai-akai kamar yadda likitanka ya umarta sannan a daidaita yawan maganin kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Akwai wasu illoli ga maganin?
Illolin da levothyroxine ke haifarwa ba kasafai suke faruwa ba. Idan suka faru, babban dalilin shine kana shan fiye da yadda kake buƙata. Wannan na iya haifar da wata cuta da ake kira thyrotoxicosis , inda jiki ke samar da sinadarin thyroid da yawa. Alamomin sune:
- Yawan bugun zuciya (tachycardia) - yawanci fiye da bugun zuciya 100 a minti daya.
- Zuciyar da ba ta dace ba (arrhythmia).
- Rage nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba.
- Jin girgiza.
- Rashin natsuwa, rashin jin daɗi.
- Rashin jure zafi da gumi mai yawa.
Idan kun fuskanci waɗannan alamomin, ku sanar da likitan ku nan take.
Akwai wani abinci na musamman ga marasa lafiyar Hashimoto?
Babu wani takamaiman abinci da za a iya ci don cutar Hashimoto. Duk da haka, wasu abinci, magunguna, da bitamin na iya kawo cikas ga shan levothyroxine. Misalan sun haɗa da:
- Karin sinadarin ƙarfe da calcium.
- Wasu nau'ikan magungunan rage kiba.
Idan ka sha wani abu makamancin haka, za ka iya guje wa wannan matsalar ta hanyar shan maganin thyroid sa'o'i 4 kafin ko bayan haka.
Cin abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki, samun isasshen barci, da kuma shawo kan damuwa duk suna iya taimakawa garkuwar jikinka. Amma komai abin da za ka yi, idan kana da hypothyroidism, yana da muhimmanci ka sha maganinka kamar yadda likitanka ya rubuta.
Shin cutar Hashimoto tana da haɗari a lokacin daukar ciki?
Idan ba a yi maganin hypothyroidism ba a lokacin daukar ciki, zai iya zama haɗari ga uwa da jariri.
- ɓarin ciki
- Haihuwa kafin lokacin haihuwa
- Hawan jini a lokacin daukar ciki (preeclampsia)
Haka kuma, idan ba a yi maganinsa ba, zai iya shafar girman jaririn da ci gaban kwakwalwa. Don haka idan kina da Hashimoto kuma kina shirin yin ciki ko kuma kina da juna biyu, ki sanar da likitanki nan da nan. Tare da kulawa da kulawa mai kyau, babu matsala wajen haihuwar jariri mai lafiya.
Shari'o'in da ke buƙatar magani na gaggawa (shari'o'in da ke buƙatar zuwa ETU)
A yanayin da ba a yi maganin hypothyroidism mai tsanani ba, wata gaggawa mai wahalar gaske amma mai barazana ga rayuwa za ta iya faruwa da ake kira myxedema coma . Idan akwai waɗannan alamun, kai majiyyaci nan da nan zuwa Sashen Gaggawa na asibiti mafi kusa (ETU) .
- Ƙananan zafin jiki (hypothermia).
- Kumburin jiki, musamman fuska, harshe, da ƙafafu.
- Zuciya mai jinkirin bugawa da kuma bugun zuciya mai rauni.
- Numfashi yana da jinkiri ko wahala sosai.
- Ruɗani ko rashin sani.
Abu ne na al'ada a ji tsoro da damuwa idan aka gano cewa kana da wata cuta. Amma mafi kyawun sashi shine cewa Hashimoto's cuta ce da za a iya magancewa kuma a iya sarrafa ta. Idan kana da waɗannan alamun, ko kuma idan wani a cikin iyalinka yana da cutar thyroid, kada ka yi jinkirin ganin likitanka. Gwajin jini mai sauƙi zai iya gaya maka ko thyroid ɗinka yana aiki yadda ya kamata.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Hashimoto's cuta ce da ke shafar garkuwar jiki wanda garkuwar jikinmu ke kai hari ga glandar thyroid.
- Wannan cuta ita ce babbar sanadin raguwar aikin thyroid (hypothyroidism).
- Alamomi kamar gajiya akai-akai, ƙaruwar nauyi, jin sanyi, bushewar fata, da maƙarƙashiya abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare.
- Maganin shine kwayar levothyroxine ta yau da kullun, wacce dole ne a sha har abada.
- Da samun kulawa mai kyau da kuma kulawar likita, za ka iya rayuwa mai cike da lafiya da kuma al'ada.
- Idan kana da waɗannan alamomin, kada ka yi watsi da su. Tabbatar ka ga likitanka don neman shawara.
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