Shin ka taɓa ganin wanda ke fama da wahalar numfashi kuma an kwantar da shi a sashin kulawa mai zurfi (ICU) na asibiti? Wani lokaci likitoci suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban don taimaka wa irin waɗannan mutane su sha iska. Wannan cakuda na musamman na iskar gas da ake amfani da shi a irin waɗannan yanayi ana kiransa Heliox. Wannan sunan na iya zama sabon abu a gare ku. Don haka bari mu yi magana a kai a yau kawai.
Menene Heliox?
A taƙaice dai, Heliox wani cakuda ne na musamman da aka haɗa ta hanyar haɗa iskar gas guda biyu, helium da iskar oxygen, tare. Ana ba wa marasa lafiya da ke fuskantar wahalar numfashi, musamman a lokutan gaggawa.
Yanzu za ka iya tunanin, "Yawancin lokaci muna shaƙar iskar oxygen, ko? Me yasa ake ƙara helium a cikin wannan?" Tambaya mai kyau. Bari mu ga dalilin.
Iskar da muke shaƙa yawanci tana da kusan kashi 21% na iskar oxygen da kuma kashi 78% na nitrogen. Sauran kuma an yi su ne da wasu iskar gas. Ko a asibiti, idan aka ba wa wani iskar oxygen, sau da yawa ana ba shi cakuda iskar oxygen da nitrogen. Duk da haka, helium iska ce mai sauƙi fiye da nitrogen. Ka yi tunanin balan-balan da aka cika da helium wanda ke tashi idan ka bar shi, ko ba haka ba? Helium yana da sauƙi sosai.
Don haka, idan hanyoyin iskar mutum suka kumbura suka kuma cunkushe, idan aka haɗa iskar oxygen da wannan iskar helium mai sauƙi, wannan haɗin iskar zai iya tafiya ta cikin hanyoyin iskar da ke cunkushe cikin sauƙi kuma ba tare da toshewa zuwa huhu ba. Wannan yana rage ƙoƙarin da ake buƙata don numfashi sosai.
A takaice dai, iskar helium tana sauƙaƙa wa iskar oxygen shiga huhu. Kamar nitrogen, helium iska ce mara aiki wadda ba ta amsawa da jikinmu. Wannan yana nufin cewa jiki yana ɗaukar iskar oxygen ne kawai a cikin cakuda kuma yana fitar da iskar helium tare da iskar da aka fitar.
Yaushe ake amfani da Heliox?
Heliox ba magani bane na kowa. Duk da haka, yana iya taimakawa wajen daidaita yanayin majiyyaci ta hanyar taimaka masa ya yi numfashi cikin sauƙi har sai wasu magunguna sun yi aiki kuma yanayinsa ya inganta. Ga wasu daga cikin yanayin da likitoci za su iya amfani da wannan maganin.
| Yanayin lafiya | Bayani mai sauƙi |
|---|---|
| Ciwon Damuwa Mai Tsanani (ARDS) | Yanayi na gaggawa wanda huhu ke da mummunan lalacewa, cike da ruwa, kuma ba sa iya numfashi da kansu. |
| Shimfida Hanyar Jirgin Sama | Idan aka toshe hanyar iska ta hanyar ƙari, wani abu na waje (misali wani abinci), ko kuma saboda wani dalili. |
| Tsananin yanayin asthmatic (Status Asthmaticus) | Ciwon asma mai tsanani wanda ba za a iya shawo kansa ba ko da an yi masa magani na yau da kullun, har ma yana iya zama barazana ga rayuwa. |
| Cutar toshewar huhu ta yau da kullun (COPD) | Lokacin da wahalar numfashi ke ƙaruwa kwatsam saboda cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. |
| Rashin Tsarin Matsi | Idan masu nutsewa cikin teku suka fito ba zato ba tsammani, kumfa nitrogen yana fitowa a cikin jininsu saboda canjin matsin lamba a jikinsu. Wannan kuma ana kiransa da "lankwasawa." |
| Postextubation Stridor | Bayan an saka masa intubation don taimakawa wajen numfashi, kuma bayan an cire shi, makogwaro yana kumbura kuma yana yin sautin 'groo-groo' mai ƙarfi lokacin numfashi. |
Yaya ake bayar da wannan maganin?
Ana ba wa majiyyaci wannan iskar gas ta Heliox ne kawai a asibiti, a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita. Likitan zai tantance hanya mafi kyau dangane da yanayin majiyyacin.
Ana amfani da waɗannan hanyoyi galibi:
- Ta hanyar na'urar numfashi: Idan mara lafiyar ba zai iya numfashi da kansa ba, ana iya ba shi wannan hadin yayin da mara lafiyar yake cikin suma kuma yana numfashi ta cikin na'ura.
- Ta hanyar abin rufe fuska: Idan majiyyaci yana sane, ana iya ba da wannan iskar gas ta hanyar abin rufe fuska mai matsewa, wanda ba ya zubar da ruwa.
- Ta hanyar bututun hanci: A wasu lokuta, ana bayar da wannan ta hanyar ƙaramin bututu da aka sanya a kowace bututun hanci.
Likitan ko mai ba da shawara kan numfashi zai bambanta rabon helium da oxygen dangane da adadin iskar oxygen da majiyyaci ke buƙata. Hadin da aka saba amfani da su sune:
- 70% helium / 30% oxygen
- 60% helium / 40% oxygen
Menene fa'idodi da rashin amfanin maganin Heliox?
Kamar kowace magani, wannan yana da fa'idodi da rashin amfani.
Fa'idodi
Manyan fa'idodi guda biyu na wannan sune:
1. Yana rage ƙoƙarin da ake buƙata don numfashi: Jiki yana iya yin numfashi cikin sauƙi ba tare da yin ƙoƙari mai yawa ba. Wannan yana ceton ƙarfin majiyyaci don yaƙar cutar.
2. Yana rage toshewar iska da ke shiga huhu: Idan aka toshe hanyoyin iska, akwai babban cikas ga shigar iska ta yau da kullun. Duk da haka, saboda sauƙin Heliox, toshewar tana raguwa kuma iska tana gudana cikin sauƙi.
Rashin amfani
Babban rashin ko ƙalubalen da ke tattare da wannan shine yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman da ma'aikata masu ƙwarewa sosai don samar da wannan magani.
Ma'auni da saitunan injunan iskar oxygen na iya canzawa lokacin da aka ba da heliox. Wannan saboda yawan helium ya bambanta da na nitrogen. Saboda haka, likitoci da ma'aikatan jinya suna buƙatar sanin waɗannan canje-canjen sosai kuma su daidaita injunan daidai. Amma idan kun san wannan, heliox magani ne mai aminci.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Heliox cakuda helium ne da iskar oxygen. Ana amfani da shi a lokacin gaggawa inda numfashi ke da wahala.
- Saboda iskar helium da ke cikin wannan iskar tana da sauƙi sosai, tana taimakawa wajen jigilar iskar oxygen zuwa huhu cikin sauƙi ta hanyar hanyoyin iska masu kumbura da cunkoso.
- Wannan ba ya warkar da cutar kai tsaye. Duk da haka, yana taimaka wa majiyyaci ya yi numfashi cikin sauƙi kuma yana daidaita yanayin har sai wasu magunguna da jiyya sun yi aiki.
- Ana yin wannan maganin ne kawai a asibiti, ƙarƙashin kulawar likita mai tsauri. Za a yi shi ne kawai idan likitanka ya ga ya zama dole.
- Wannan yana buƙatar kayan aiki da horo na musamman, don haka ba duk asibitoci ne za su iya samun wannan wurin ba.
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