Komai game da Magungunan Cutar Parkinson: Bari mu yi magana a taƙaice

Shin wani a cikin iyalinka, wataƙila mahaifinka, mahaifiyarka, ko wani da ka sani, yana fama da cutar Parkinson? Dole ne ka ji baƙin ciki sosai idan ka ga hannayensa suna rawa, wahalar tafiya, jikinsu yana tauri, kuma fuskarsa ta rasa duk wani jin daɗi. Ba abu ne mai sauƙi a rayu da wannan cutar ba. Amma mafi kyawun abu shine cewa tare da ilimin likitanci na yau, tare da magani mai kyau, za ka iya sarrafa waɗannan alamun har zuwa wani mataki kuma ka rayu rayuwa mai kyau. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana cikin sauƙi da kirki game da magungunan da ake bayarwa don cutar Parkinson.

Da farko, bari mu gani, menene ainihin cutar Parkinson?

Bari mu fahimci wannan a taƙaice. Cutar Parkinson cuta ce da ke da alaƙa da tsarin jijiyoyinmu. Musamman ma, kwakwalwarmu. Yanayi ne mai ci gaba wanda ke ta'azzara a hankali akan lokaci . Akwai wani yanki na kwakwalwarmu da ake kira 'substantia nigra' wanda ke sarrafa motsi. Kwayoyin jijiyoyi a wannan yanki suna lalacewa kuma a hankali suna mutuwa.

Waɗannan ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi suna samar da wani muhimmin mai aika sinadarai, wato "neurotransmitter", ga jikinmu. Sunansa shine dopamine . Wannan dopamine yana da mahimmanci don motsin jikinmu ya kasance mai santsi da kuma sarrafawa. Don haka lokacin da aka lalata waɗannan ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, matakin dopamine a cikin kwakwalwa yana raguwa. Shi ya sa alamun kamar girgiza, wahalar tafiya, da tauri ke faruwa a cikin cutar Parkinson.

Manyan magunguna don cutar Parkinson

Lokacin da ake maganin cutar Parkinson, likitoci kan yi amfani da haɗin magunguna da dama, maimakon magani ɗaya. Waɗannan sun bambanta dangane da alamun mutum, shekaru, da matakin cutar. Bari mu dubi manyan nau'ikan magunguna.

1. Levodopa da Carbidopa

Wannan ita ce babbar kuma mafi inganci magani ga cutar Parkinson. Ana kuma kiranta da matsayin zinariya.

• Levodopa: Idan wannan maganin ya shiga jikinmu, yana shiga kwakwalwa ya koma dopamine. Wato, wannan maganin yana dawo da adadin dopamine da ya ragu a kwakwalwa.
• Carbidopa: Amma akwai matsala. Idan muka sha levodopa kaɗai, yawancinsa enzymes ne ke lalata shi kafin ya isa kwakwalwa. Don dakatar da wannan, ana ba da magani mai suna carbidopa tare da levodopa. Carbidopa yana ba da damar ƙarin levodopa ya isa kwakwalwa lafiya. Haka kuma, carbidopa yana taimakawa wajen rage illolin shan levodopa shi kaɗai, kamar tashin zuciya da amai.

Wannan haɗin magunguna sau da yawa yana aiki sosai don alamun bradykinesia, tauri, da rawar jiki.

2. Masu maganin dopamine

Wannan nau'in magani kamar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne. Wato, ba dopamine ba ne a zahiri. Amma yana zuwa kwakwalwa kuma yana aiki kamar dopamine. Yana motsa masu karɓar dopamine a cikin kwakwalwa, yana ba wa kwakwalwa jin cewa dopamine yana nan.

Yawanci ana rubuta waɗannan magunguna a farkon matakin cutar, musamman ga marasa lafiya ƙanana. Wani lokaci suna iya taimakawa wajen tsawaita tasirin levodopa.

• Pramipexole (Mirapex®)
• Ropinirole (Requip®)
• Rotigotine (Neupro®)

3. Masu Hana Enzyme

Kada ka ji tsoro idan ka ji wannan sunan. Abu ne mai sauƙi. Mun riga mun faɗi cewa akwai enzymes a jikinmu waɗanda ke wargaza dopamine. Abin da waɗannan magunguna ke yi shi ne dakatar da ayyukan waɗannan enzymes. Sannan dopamine a cikin kwakwalwa ba ya lalacewa na dogon lokaci.

Akwai manyan nau'i biyu na waɗannan:

• Masu hana MAO-B: Waɗannan suna toshe aikin 'MAO-B', wani babban enzyme wanda ke rushe dopamine a cikin kwakwalwa. Misalan: 'Selegiline', 'Rasagiline'.
• Masu hana COMT: Waɗannan suna hana enzyme 'COMT' wanda ke rushe dopamine, wanda aka samar daga levodopa. Saboda haka, tasirin levodopa yana daɗewa. Misalan: 'Entacapone', 'Opicapone'.

4. Amantadine

Wasu marasa lafiya da ke shan magunguna kamar levodopa na dogon lokaci na iya samun motsin jiki ba tare da son rai ba (dyskinesia). Ana amfani da Amantadine galibi don magance waɗannan yanayi. Abin mamaki, an ƙirƙira shi ne a matsayin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Amma daga baya an gano cewa yana taimakawa wajen magance alamun cutar Parkinson.

5. Magungunan hana kumburin ciki

Wannan maganin yana taimakawa sosai wajen rage girgiza da kuma taurin kai.Kulawa. Idan dopamine a cikin kwakwalwarmu ya ragu, tasirin wani "neurotransmitter" da ake kira acetylcholine yana ƙaruwa. Waɗannan magunguna suna toshe tasirin wannan acetylcholine. Misalan: 'Benztropine', 'Trihexyphenidyl'.

Magunguna don wasu alamu waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da motsi

Cutar Parkinson ba wai kawai tana shafar motsi ba ne. Tana kuma iya haifar da wasu matsaloli, kamar maƙarƙashiya, matsalolin barci, baƙin ciki, da rashin aikin jima'i. Likitanka zai rubuta maka magani ga kowanne daga cikin waɗannan.

Bari mu kuma koyi game da illolin waɗannan magunguna.

Kamar kowace magani, magungunan Parkinson na iya samun illa. Yana da mahimmanci a san waɗannan tun da wuri. Duk da haka, ba kowa ne ke samun waɗannan illolin ba. Haka kuma, wasu daga cikinsu suna ɓacewa yayin da ake ci gaba da amfani da maganin.

Shin magani bai isa ba? Me kuma za a iya yi?

Magani bangare ne kawai na yaƙin. Idan ka yi wasu abubuwa kaɗan tare da magani, za ka iya sarrafa alamun cutar kuma ka kasance cikin farin ciki.

Jiyya ta jiki

Wannan tabbas wani abu ne da za a yi. Akwai shirye-shiryen motsa jiki musamman ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar Parkinson. Waɗannan za su taimaka muku,

• Za ka iya inganta daidaito da tafiyar jikinka.
• Yana iya ƙara kwanciyar hankali a jiki.
• Yana taimakawa sosai wajen kiyaye rayuwa mai aiki.

Motsa jiki

Motsa jiki shine hanya mafi kyau ta magance cutar Parkinson. Motsa jiki shine abu ɗaya tilo da aka tabbatar a kimiyyance yana rage ci gaban cutar. Ya fi kyau a yi aƙalla mintuna 150 na motsa jiki na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini a kowane mako. Abubuwa kamar hawa keke, dambe, da motsa jiki ga kiɗa suna da matuƙar amfani.

Kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa

Idan ana fama da rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci kamar cutar Parkinson, abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a ji baƙin ciki, damuwa, da kuma damuwa. Don haka, idan kana jin haka, yana da muhimmanci kada ka ji kunyar hakan ka nemi taimako daga ƙwararren likitan kwakwalwa, kamar masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam .

Yaushe ya kamata ka sake ganin likitanka?

Lokacin amfani da maganin Parkinson, yana da mahimmanci a riƙa ganin likitanka akai-akai don duba ko maganin yana aiki da kuma ko sabbin alamu sun bayyana. Tabbatar da ganin likitanka musamman a waɗannan yanayi.

• Idan ka fuskanci illa da ba za ka iya jurewa ba .
• Idan alamun cutar ba su inganta ko suka tsananta ba .
• Idan kana son daina shan maganinka . (Kada ka yanke wannan shawara kai kaɗai!)