E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka epidermis, ka papa luna o kou ʻili.

Aloha! Pehea ʻoe? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio ana mākou e pili ana i kahi mea nui e pili ana i ko mākou ʻili. He ʻili ko mākou a pau. ʻO kēia ʻili ka ʻōkana nui loa i loko o ko mākou kino. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe he ʻekolu papa nui o kēia ʻili? ʻO ka papa luna loa, ka mea a mākou e ʻike ai a e manaʻo ai i ka wā e hoʻopā ai mākou, ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'epidermis' . I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio ana mākou e pili ana i ke koa o ko mākou ʻili, ʻo ia ka epidermis.

He aha ka epidermis? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi...

ʻAe, e nānā mua kākou i ke ʻano o kēia epidermis. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻekolu papa nui o kou ʻili. ʻO lākou ka epidermis (ka papa luna) , ka dermis (ka papa waena) , a me ka hypodermis (ka papa lalo) . ʻO kēia mau mea, ʻo ka epidermis ka papa lahilahi loa , akā ʻo ia ka mea e hana i ka hana nui o ka pale ʻana iā mākou mai ka honua waho. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupaianaha? Aia i loko o kēia papa lahilahi ʻelima mau papa liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe!

He aha kēlā mau papa liʻiliʻi ʻelima i loko o ka epidermis?

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i nā papa liʻiliʻi ʻelima i loko o ka epidermis. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano mai lalo a luna:

1. Stratum basale (i kapa ʻia ʻo stratum germinativum):

• ʻO kēia ka papa hohonu loa, ma lalo pono o ka epidermis. Ua like ia me ke kahua o kahi hale.
• Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻili hou ma kēia papa.
• Eia nā pūnaewele kumu i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Keratinocytes' . ʻO kēia nā mea e hana ai i ka protein 'Keratin' . ʻO Keratin ka mea e kōkua ai i ke kūkulu ʻana i ko mākou lauoho, nā kui, a me ka papa waho o ko mākou ʻili, a pale iā mākou mai nā mea ʻino o ke kaiapuni.
• Eia kekahi, aia nā pūnaewele i kapa ʻia ʻo 'melanocytes' ma kēia papa. ʻO lākou ka poʻe e hana i ka 'melanin' . ʻO Melanin ka pigment e hāʻawi i ko mākou ʻili i kona kala.

2. Stratum spinosum:

• Aia kēia papa ma waena o ka stratum basale i ʻōlelo mua ʻia a me ka stratum granulosum e hiki mai ana.
• Hana ʻia ia e nā pūnaewele keratinocyte. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele e nā protein pipili i kapa ʻia ʻo desmosomes .
• ʻO kēia papa stratum spinosum ka mea e palupalu ai a ikaika ai kou ʻili .

3. Stratum granulosum `(Stratum granulosum)`:

• Aia kēia ma waena o ka stratum spinosum a me ka stratum lucidum.
• Aia i loko o nā pūnaewele keratinocyte nā granules liʻiliʻi . Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea ma lalo o kahi microscope.

4. Stratum lucidum:

• He papa lahilahi loa kēia a moakaka hoʻi ma waena o ka stratum granulosum a me ka stratum corneum.
• Maanei, e nalowale mālie ana nā pūnaewele keratinocyte i ko lākou ʻano poepoe a lilo i palahalaha . ʻIke nui ʻia kēia papa ma nā wahi me ka ʻili mānoanoa, e like me nā poho lima a me nā kapuwaʻi o ko mākou mau wāwae.

5. Stratum corneum:

• ʻO kēia ka papa luna o ka epidermis. ʻIke ʻoe, ʻo kēia ka papa āu e hoʻopā nei.
• Maanei, lilo kēlā mau pūnaewele keratinocyte i 'corneocytes' . Ua make nā corneocytes, akā ikaika loa nā pūnaewele keratinocyte .
• ʻO kēia nā mea e pale ai iā mākou mai nā mea e like me nā ʻōpala, ka lā, ka wela, a me nā maʻi pathogens.
• Eia kekahi, aia nā momona i loko o kēia papa. Hoʻomalu lākou i ka maʻalahi o ke komo ʻana o ka wai a me ka mahu ʻana mai ko mākou kino.
• I ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā keratinocytes hou ma ka papa haʻahaʻa (stratum basale), hāʻule mālie kēia mau corneocytes. E like me ka hāʻule ʻana o nā lau kahiko a ulu nā mea hou. He hana mau kēia.

E noʻonoʻo i kēia ʻano, ua like ka epidermis me ka hale o ko mākou hale. E like me kāna pale ʻana iā mākou mai ka lā a me ka ua, pale pū ka epidermis iā mākou mai ke ao waho.

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka huaʻōlelo "epidermis"?

He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi kēia e ʻike. Ua hana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "epidermis" mai ʻelua mau huaʻōlelo Helene kahiko. ʻO ke ʻano o 'epi' ʻo ia hoʻi "ma luna" a i ʻole "ma waho". ʻO ke ʻano o 'derma' ʻo ia hoʻi "ʻili". No laila, i ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo "epidermis" ʻo ia hoʻi "ʻili" a i ʻole "ʻili waho" .

No laila he aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka epidermis a me ka dermis?

E hoʻomanaʻo paha ʻoe ʻo ka epidermis ka papa luna. ʻO ka dermis ka papa ma lalo, ma waena. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me kahi sanwika. Inā ʻo ka epidermis ka ʻāpana berena luna, ʻo ka dermis ka hoʻopiha ʻono ma waena.

• Mānoanoa: ʻOiai ʻo ka epidermis ka papa lahilahi loa o ka ʻili, ʻo ka dermis ka papa mānoanoa loa o ka ʻili.
• ʻO nā mea i loko: Aia i loko o ka dermis nā protein i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Collagen' a me 'Elastin' . ʻO kēia nā mea e mānoanoa ai ka dermis a hāʻawi i ka elasticity maikaʻi i ka ʻili. Kōkua nui kēia i ka mālama ʻana i ko mākou ʻili e nānā ʻōpiopio me ka ʻole o ka sallow.
• ʻAʻole wale ia, akā, aia kou ʻiʻo hoʻohui, nā hopena aʻalolo, nā kelepa hou, nā kelepa sebaceous, a me nā follicle lauoho i loko o ka dermis, a ma lalo iho o kēlā, i loko o ka hypodermis.

He aha ka hana a ka epidermis i ko kākou kino? He aha kona koʻikoʻi?

Hana pū nā papa āpau o ko kākou ʻili e pale i ko kākou iwi, nā ʻōpū, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻiʻo i loko o ko kākou kino. He hana kūikawā ko ka epidermis:

• Hoʻomaʻū ʻia: Kōkua ka papa luna o ka epidermis (stratum corneum) i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai , e mālama ana i kou ʻili i hoʻomaʻū ʻia a olakino hoʻi, e pale ana iā ia mai ka maloʻo ʻana .
• Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola ʻili hou:Hoʻopuka ʻia nā ʻili hou ma ka papa lalo o ka epidermis (stratum basale). I ka wā e ʻelemakule ai kēia mau ʻili, neʻe mālie lākou i luna o nā papa. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina , hiki lākou i ka papa luna a hoʻokahe ʻia. I ka manawa like, hoʻomau ka hana ʻana o nā ʻili hou ma lalo. Ua like ia me kahi hale hana e hoʻohou mau ana iā ia iho .
• Palekana: Hana ka epidermis e like me ka pale kaua . Mālama ia iā mākou mai ka radiation ultraviolet (UV) ʻino o ka lā, nā pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, etc.), a me nā kemika ʻino.
• Kala ʻili: Aia i loko o ka epidermis kahi ʻano cell i kapa ʻia ʻo 'melanocytes'. Hoʻopuka kēia mau cell i kahi pigment i kapa ʻia ʻo 'melanin'. Hoʻoholo ʻia ke kala o kou ʻili e ka nui o ka melanin.

Pehea e kōkua ai ka epidermis i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka epidermis, me nā papa ʻē aʻe o ka ʻili, e hana ma ke ʻano he pale mua e pale ai i nā ʻōpū palupalu, nā iwi, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻiʻo i loko o ko kākou kino mai nā pōʻino, nā ʻeha, a me nā maʻi mai ka honua waho.

Aia ma hea ka epidermis?

ʻAʻole kēia he mea kupanaha iā ʻoe, ʻeā? ʻO ka epidermis ka papa luna o ka ʻili a mākou e ʻike ai a hoʻopā ai i ka wā e nānā ai mākou i kekahi a hoʻopā paha iā lākou.

Pehea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ke kala o ka epidermis?

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo ka pigment kūlohelohe i kapa ʻia ʻo melanin, i hana ʻia e nā melanocytes, ke hoʻoholo nei i ke kala o ko mākou ʻili. Hoʻopuka kēia mau melanocytes i ʻelua ʻano nui o ka melanin:

• ʻEumelanin: ʻO kēia ʻano melanin ke kuleana nui no nā kala ʻeleʻele i kou lauoho, ʻili, a me nā maka . Inā he ʻili ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele ko kekahi, no ka mea he nui aku ko lākou eumelanin.
• Pheomelanin: ʻO kēia ʻano melanin ka mea e hāʻawi ai i kou ʻili i kona mau waihoʻoluʻu poni a ʻulaʻula paha . No ka laʻana, ʻo ia ke kumu o nā lehelehe, nā nipples, ka vagina, a me ka glans o ka penis, a ʻo ia ke kumu o ka lauoho ʻulaʻula o kekahi poʻe.

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka kēia mau ʻano melanin ʻelua i loko o ko lākou ʻili ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. ʻO ka lakio ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke kala o ka ʻili o kēlā me kēia kanaka.

Pehea ka mānoanoa o ka epidermis?

ʻOkoʻa ka mānoanoa o ka epidermis mai kēlā wahi a i kēia wahi ma kou kino. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka epidermis ma nā wahi i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, e like me nā kapuwaʻi o kou mau wāwae a me ke kua o kou mau lima , kahi āu e hālāwai ai me nā mea kupanaha he nui. Hiki i ka mānoanoa ma kēia mau wahi ke like me 1.5 millimeters. ʻO ia hoʻi ka mānoanoa o ʻelua kāleka hōʻaiʻē i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o kekahi .

Akā ma nā wahi palupalu e like me kou mau lihilihi maka , he lahilahi loa ka epidermis. He 0.05 milimita wale nō ka mānoanoa. ʻO ia hoʻi, ua like ia meUa like ia me ka mānoanoa o ka pepa kope maʻamau! Kupaianaha, ʻeā?

He aha nā ʻano pūnaewele nui i loko o ka epidermis?

Nui nā ʻano ʻano pūnaewele like ʻole i loko o ka epidermis. ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻekolu o nā pūnaewele:

1. Nā Keratinocytes: Hana kēia mau pūnaewele i ka protein keratin, ʻo ia ka ʻāpana nui o ka epidermis. ʻO nā Keratinocytes nā pūnaewele nui loa ma ka epidermis.

2. Nā Melanocytes: E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, hana kēia mau pūnaewele i ka pigment melanin e hāʻawi ana i kou ʻili i kona kala .

3. Nā pūnaewele Langerhans: Ua like kēia mau pūnaewele me nā kiaʻi o ka epidermis . Kōkua lākou i ka pale ʻana i nā mea makemake ʻole ʻia, e like me nā germs, mai ke komo ʻana i ka ʻili. He ʻāpana lākou o ka ʻōnaehana pale.

He aha nā maʻi maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i ka epidermis?

Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ko kākou ʻili e nā maʻi a me nā kūlana like ʻole. ʻO kekahi o lākou:

• ʻAke: He pilikia e hoʻopilikia ai i nā poʻe he nui, ʻoiai i ko lākou wā ʻōpiopio.
• Nā paila: Hoʻokumu ʻia nā paila e nā maʻi bacteria i hiki ke ʻeha i kekahi manawa.
• Dandruff: He ʻano e hemo ai ka ʻili o ke poʻo.
• Eczema: He ʻano e maloʻo ai ka ʻili, maneʻo, a ʻulaʻula hoʻi.
• Melanoma: He ʻano maʻi ʻili. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i kūlana weliweli e hoʻomaka ana i loko o nā pūnaewele melanocyte.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kahi pilikia me ka epidermis?

Inā he pilikia me kou epidermis, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• ʻO ke ʻano o nā kiko ʻeleʻele hou ma ka ʻili, a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli i ke ʻano, ke kala, a i ʻole ka nui o nā kiko e kū nei.
• Maloʻo loa ka ʻili a ʻōhūhū.
• Ka ʻili ʻana, me he mea lā e hemo ana ka papa luna o ka ʻili.
• Ka ʻili ʻana a me ka ʻili ʻana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kipa ʻana i ke kauka a noi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e nānā i ke olakino o ka epidermis?

E hana mua kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino piha o kou ʻili. Eia kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kēia mau hoʻokolohua:

• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻili allergies: Kōkua kēia mau hoʻāʻo e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa kou ʻano ʻili i kahi maʻi allergy.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi mau maʻi allergies, maʻi, a me nā maʻi ma o nā hoʻāʻo koko.
• Biopsy ʻili: Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana ʻili liʻiliʻi loa mai kahi pilikia a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he mau maʻi, nā maʻi ʻaʻai, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻaʻai.

Inā kānalua ʻoe he ʻano kou e like me ka melanoma, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻē aʻe e ʻike ai inā ua pālahalaha aku i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no nā maʻi o ka epidermis?

ʻOkoʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o ke kūlana e pili ana i ka epidermis. Eia kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau:

• Nā lāʻau antibiotic: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau waha a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea poni e mālama ai i nā kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi bacteria e like me ka ʻākena, nā paila, ka ʻili maloʻo, a me nā ʻōpala.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antifungal: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he kirīmi, ʻaila poni, gels, sprays, pauka, a i ʻole he lāʻau lapaʻau waha no nā maʻi ʻili fungal.
• Corticosteroids: Kōkua kēia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mumū, ka ʻulaʻula, ka maneʻo, a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā ʻiʻo i loko o ka ʻili. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou ma ke ʻano he kirīmi, pila, a i ʻole nā ​​inikini.
• ʻO Retinoids (nā mea loaʻa mai ka huaora A): ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, i hana ʻia mai ka huaora A, e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha, wehe i nā pores, a kōkua i ka ʻili e hoʻohou iā ia iho.

Pono e hoʻohana mau ʻia kēia mau lāʻau e like me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ke kauka.

He aha kekahi mau mea maʻalahi e hiki ai iā kākou ke hana e mālama i ke olakino o ko kākou ʻili?

Nui nā mea maʻalahi hiki iā kākou ke hana ma ka home e mālama i ko kākou epidermis, ʻo ia hoʻi, ko kākou ʻili holoʻokoʻa, i ke olakino. E nānā i kēia mau mea:

• E hoʻomohala i kahi hana mālama ʻili e kūpono iā ʻoe. E kiʻi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a ke kauka a loea paha i ka ʻili a mālama pono i kou ʻili.
• I ka ʻauʻau ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻauʻau ʻana , e hoʻohana i ke kopa palupalu a ʻaʻole e ʻānai. I ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i kou ʻili, e pā maloʻo iā ia, ma mua o ka hamo ʻana me ka ikaika.
• I ka wā e maloʻo ai kou ʻili, ʻoiai he wai iki kona, e hoʻopili i kahi kirīmi hoʻomaʻū maikaʻi a i ʻole ka ʻaila poni. E kōkua kēia i ka mālama ʻana i kou ʻili i ka wai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopili hou iā ia i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha manawa i ka lā, ʻoiai inā maloʻo kou ʻili.
• E pale i ka ʻauʻau ʻana i ka wai wela loa, akā e hoʻohana i ka wai mehana. Hiki i ka wai wela ke wehe i kona mau aila maoli o ka ʻili a hoʻomaloʻo iā ia.
• E inu ma ka liʻiliʻi he 8 mau kīʻaha wai i ka lā. ʻO ka wai ka hoaaloha maikaʻi loa o kou ʻili. Mālama ia i kou ʻili i ka hoʻomaʻū ʻia a me ka hoʻomaʻū ʻia mai loko mai.
• E ʻai i nā meaʻai waiwai i nā antioxidants. E hoʻokomo i nā huaʻai (ʻoi aku ka hua), nā mea kanu (nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele), nā nati (ʻalemona, walnuts), a me nā iʻa waiwai i nā omega-3 fatty acids (salmon, mackerel) i kāu papaʻai.
• E hōʻemi i ka ʻike ʻana i nā wahi me nā loli koke o ka mahana a me ka makū.
• E noho mamao aku mai nā mea āu i ʻike ʻia he maʻi āpau, nā kemika i ʻike ʻia he mea ʻino i ka ʻili (nā mea hoʻonāukiuki), a me nā mea ʻala.
• E hoʻohana mau i ka sunscreen me ka liʻiliʻi o SPF 30 a ʻoi aku paha i kēlā me kēia manawa āu e hele ai i waho i ka lā. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ia e nānā aku i ka lā, hiki nō i nā kukuna UV ke komo mai ma waena o nā ao.
• Ke ʻānai a ʻeha paha kou ʻili, mai ʻohi a kahakaha paha. Hiki i ka hana ʻana pēlā ke hōʻino i ka ʻili a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi.

No laila, he aha ka mea nui loa e pono ai kākou e hoʻomanaʻo mai kēia mau mea a pau?

ʻĀ, ua kamaʻilio nui mākou e pili ana i ka epidermis. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka epidermis ka papa luna o ko mākou kino, ka laina pale mua no ko mākou ʻili. Mālama ia iā mākou mai nā pōʻino o ke ao waho, mālama i ko mākou ʻili i ka maʻū, hana mau i nā ʻili ʻili hou, a hāʻawi i ko mākou ʻili i kahi waihoʻoluʻu nani.

No laila, ʻo ko kākou kuleana ke mālama i ko kākou ʻili makamae, ʻo ia hoʻi ko kākou ʻili holoʻokoʻa, i olakino a nani. Hiki iā kākou ke mālama i ko kākou ʻili i olakino a hauʻoli ma ka hana ʻana i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka inu ʻana i ka wai he nui, ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai momona, ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka sunscreen i ka wā e hele ai i waho i ka lā, a me ka mālama ʻana i ko kākou ʻili i ka maʻemaʻe. E mālama i kou ʻili me ke aloha!

ʻEpidermis , nā papa ʻili, ke olakino ʻili, mālama ʻili, keratin, melanin, nā maʻi ʻili