Aia kekahi mea hou i kāu hōʻike hoʻāʻo mimi? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka Urine Cytology!

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kahi ' hoʻāʻo Urine Cytology '? Ua makaʻu iki paha ʻoe i ka wā i noi mai ai ke kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo. Akā, mai hopohopo, hana pinepine ʻia ia e hōʻoia i kekahi mea. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, pili kēia hoʻāʻo i ka lawe ʻana i kahi laʻana o kāu mimi a loaʻa i kahi loea e nānā iā ia e ʻike inā he mau hunaola kanesa a i ʻole nā ​​hunaola e hiki ke lilo i kanesa.

He aha maoli ka Urine Cytology?

ʻAe, e nānā mua kākou i ke ʻano o "Cytology" . ʻO Cytology ke aʻo ʻana i nā cell hoʻokahi i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā ​​​​wai i loko o ko kākou kino. Ma kēia, nānā kekahi kauka i aʻo kūikawā ʻia, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Cytopathologist," i kēia mau cell ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau mea ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli i loko o lākou.

No laila, ʻo ka cytology urine kahi hoʻokolohua e lawe i nā cell mai kāu hāpana mimi, nānā iā lākou ma lalo o kahi microscope, a nānā iā lākou no nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai nā cell cancer.

I ka manawa hea e hana ʻia ai kēia hoʻāʻo (Urine Cytology)?

Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo (Urine Cytology) e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōnaehana urinary . ʻO ia hoʻi:

• Ka maʻi ʻōpū
• ʻO ke kanesa o ka ureter, ka ʻōmole lahilahi e lawe ana i ka mimi mai ka puʻupaʻa a i ka ʻōpū mimi
• ʻO ke kanesa o ka urethra, ka ʻōmole lahilahi e lawe ana i ka mimi mai ka ʻōpū mimi a i waho o ke kino
• Nā kūlana e like me ke kanesa puʻupaʻa .

Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole hana wale nā ​​kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo (Urine Cytology) a hoʻoholo koke he maʻi kanesa. I ka manawa pinepine, hana lākou i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe.

Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo cytology mimi ke ʻike i nā maʻi viral e like me ka cytomegalovirus (no ka ʻohana herpes virus).

He like anei ka cytology o ka mimi a me ka hoʻāʻo mimi maʻamau (urinalysis)?

ʻAe, ʻoiai he mau hoʻāʻo kēia mau mea ʻelua i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mimi, aia kahi ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā mea ʻelua.

He hoʻokolohua kūikawā loa ka cytology mimi . Pili ia i ka nānā ʻana i nā pūnaewele i loko o kahi hāpana mimi ma lalo o kahi microscope. ʻImi nui ka pathologist i nā pūnaewele kanesa.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka urinalysis kahi hoʻāʻo mimi maʻamau a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e ʻike a mālama i nā maʻi like ʻole a me nā kūlana, e like me nā maʻi ʻōpū urinary (UTIs) , nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, a me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus .

Nānā ka urinalysis maʻamau i ke ʻano, ka nui, a me ka nui o ka mimi. Hiki iā ia ke ʻike i ke alo o nā cell, nā ʻāpana cell, a i ʻole nā ​​kristal, protein, a me ka glucose (kō) i loko o ka mimi.

Hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i kahi urinalysis no kekahi kumu kikoʻī, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa he hoʻāʻo maʻamau ia, hoʻokahi manawa paha i ka makahiki. ʻAʻole hana pinepine ʻia nā hoʻāʻo cytology mimi, a hana wale ʻia ke loaʻa nā kumu kikoʻī loa.

Āhea e haʻi aku ai ke kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo (Urine Cytology)?

Inā kānalua kāu kauka he mau hōʻailona kou o ke kanesa o ke ala mimi, hiki iā ia ke kauoha i kahi hoʻāʻo cytology mimi. ʻO nā hōʻailona penei:

• Ke koko i loko o ka mimi (hematuria) .
• Ke ʻeha mau nei i ka wā e mimi ai.
• Ke kuni ʻana i ka wā e mimi ai.

ʻOiai hiki i nā hoʻokolohua cytology mimi ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa, he mau palena ko lākou. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kahi hoʻokolohua cytology mimi nā hunaola kanesa, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo mau ʻaʻole he maʻi kanesa ke kanaka. ʻO ia ke kumu e hana pinepine ai nā kauka i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe me kēia hoʻokolohua, a hiki paha ke hana hou i kahi hoʻokolohua cytology mimi ma hope o kekahi manawa.

Hiki i ke kauka ke noi iā ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi hāpana mimi no kahi hoʻāʻo cytology mimi no nā kumu ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi ʻōpū mimi ma mua a ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e nānā e ʻike inā ua hoʻi mai.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā UTI e hana hou ana, e nānā i ka bacteria i loko o kāu mimi.
• E nānā no kekahi mau maʻi viral.

ʻO wai ka mea e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo (Urine Cytology)? Pehea e lawe ʻia ai ka hāpana?

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hōʻiliʻili ka mea nāna e hana i ka hoʻāʻo cytology urine i ka mimi i loko o kahi kīʻaha sterile i loko o kahi lumi ʻauʻau pilikino. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he "clean catch urine sample." I kekahi manawa, no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka mimi, pono ka mea maʻi a i ʻole kahi mea mālama ola kino e hoʻokomo i kahi ʻōmole lahilahi i kapa ʻia he catheter ma o ka urethra i loko o ka ʻōpū mimi.

Hiki i ke kauka ke lawe i kahi hāpana mimi no kahi hoʻāʻo cytology mimi i ka wā o ka cystoscopy , kahi hana e hoʻohana ai ke kauka i kahi mea hana lahilahi i hoʻolako ʻia me ke kāmela e nānā i loko o ka ʻōpū mimi a me ka urethra.

A laila hoʻouna ke kauka lapaʻau i ka hāpana mimi i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua. Nānā kahi pathologist a cytopathologist paha i nā pūnaewele i loko o ka hāpana mimi ma lalo o kahi microscope a hoʻomākaukau i kahi hōʻike.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua?

Pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i ka mimi no ka hoʻāʻo Urine Cytology ma hope o ka mimi ʻana i ka mea mua i ke kakahiaka.ʻO ke kumu, ʻo nā pūnaewele i loko o ka mimi i noho lōʻihi i loko o ka ʻōpū mimi, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka pō a pau, hiki ke wāwahi mālie. A i ʻole, he paʻakikī i ka pathologist ke nānā pono i nā pūnaewele ma lalo o ka microscope. No laila, ʻaʻole pono ka hāpana āu e hāʻawi ai no kāu hoʻāʻo (Urine Cytology) ʻo ia ka mea mua i ke kakahiaka.

Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kahi manawa ma ka haukapila a i ʻole ka lab e hāʻawi i kahi hāpana mimi.

He aha nā hana e pono ai no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka cytology o ka urine?

ʻEhā mau ʻanuʻu nui i kahi hoʻāʻo cytology mimi:

1. Ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka hāpana mimi.

2. Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pūnaewele i loko o ka hāpana mimi.

3. Ke nānā ʻana i nā pūnaewele i loko o ka hāpana mimi.

4. Hoʻolaha ʻana i nā hopena.

ʻAe, e nānā kākou i kēia mau ʻanuʻu me nā kikoʻī hou aku.

Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka hāpana mimi

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka hāpana no ka hoʻāʻo cytology mimi e ka mea nāna e hana i ka hoʻāʻo.

Ma mua o kou hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kāu hāpana mimi, hāʻawi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi pahu kūikawā. Loaʻa paha iā ia kahi hopena a me nā ʻūlū holoi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kou wahi genital. ʻO kēia ke kāohi ʻana i nā germs mai waho o kou urethra, e like me ka ʻili ma kou vulva a i ʻole penis, mai ke komo ʻana i loko o ka hāpana mimi. He mea nui loa ia e hahai pono i nā kuhikuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau ʻūlū holoi. A laila pono ʻoe e hoʻokahe i kekahi mimi i loko o ka lua a hōʻiliʻili i ke koena i loko o kahi kīʻaha sterile. E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka nui o ka mimi āu e pono ai no ka hoʻāʻo.

I kekahi mau hihia, pono ʻoe a i ʻole ke kauka e hoʻokomo i kahi catheter a lawe i kahi hāpana mimi.

Hiki i ke kauka ke lawe i kahi hāpana mimi i ka wā o ka cystoscopy .

A laila e hoʻouna aku kāu kauka i kēia hāpana mimi i kahi hale hana.

Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pūnaewele mai kahi hāpana mimi

Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻia ʻana o ka hāpana mimi, hiki i ke kauka pathologist a i ʻole ke loea lab ke hoʻohana i kahi mīkini i kapa ʻia he centrifuge e hoʻokaʻawale i nā cell a lākou e makemake ai e nānā mai ka mimi. Hoʻopololei ka centrifuge i ka hāpana me ka wikiwiki loa, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā cell mai ka wai. A laila kau ke kauka pathologist i nā cell ma luna o kahi microscope slide a hoʻoluʻu iā lākou me nā dyes kūikawā. ʻAe kēia hoʻoluʻu i ka pathologist e ʻike maopopo i kekahi o nā ʻano o nā cell ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope.

Ke nānā ʻana i nā cell i loko o ka hāpana

Ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a ka pathologist a i ʻole ka loea lab i ka hāpana cell mimi, nānā lākou i nā cell ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau cell ʻē. Inā loaʻa iā lākou kekahi mau cell ʻē, hōʻailona lākou i nā wahi ma ka slide kahi i waiho ai nā cell me kahi peni kūikawā. A laila hana ka pathologist i kahi hōʻike.

Hoʻolaha o nā hopena

Ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka pathologist i ka hōʻike, e hoʻouna ʻia aku ia i kāu kauka.E hoʻouna ʻia aku ana. E kūkākūkā kāu kauka i nā hopena me ʻoe a hoʻoholo i ka mea e hana ai ma hope.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo?

Hiki ke lōʻihi ka manawa e hoʻi mai ai kāu mau hopena hoʻāʻo. No ka mea, he mau palena ko nā hoʻāʻo mimi, e kauoha paha kāu kauka i kekahi mau hoʻāʻo hou aʻe e ʻimi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ke ala mimi. No kēia kumu, makemake paha kāu kauka e haʻi iā ʻoe e pili ana i kēlā me kēia hopena hoʻāʻo i kona hiki ʻana mai. E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe pehea e hele ai ke kaʻina hana, me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā hopena a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana iā ʻoe.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia me kēia hoʻāʻo?

Hana ka nui o ka poʻe i nā hoʻāʻo mimi ma ke kau ʻana i ka mimi i loko o ke kīʻaha sterile, no laila ʻaʻohe pilikia a i ʻole nā ​​​​hopena ʻaoʻao.

Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻohana kāu kauka i kahi catheter (kahi ʻōmole lahilahi i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kou urethra) e hōʻiliʻili i ka mimi, he wahi liʻiliʻi kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi ʻaʻai mimi (UTI) . Eia nō naʻe, he mau maʻi maʻamau a hiki ke mālama ʻia nā UTI.

Pehea e puka mai ai nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo Urine Cytology? He aha ke ʻano o ia mau mea?

Hiki i nā pathologists ke hoʻohana i nā huaʻōlelo like ʻole i loko o kahi hōʻike cytology mimi. E wehewehe kāu kauka i nā hopena iā ʻoe. Mai makaʻu e nīnau i nā nīnau.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻike nā hualoaʻa inā maikaʻi ʻole a maikaʻi paha nā pūnaewele i loko o ka hāpana mimi no nā pūnaewele maʻamau ʻole, nā pūnaewele pre-cancerous, a me/a i ʻole nā ​​​​pūnaewele kanesa.

Aia paha i kāu hōʻike hopena nā huaʻōlelo e like me:

• Hāpana ʻoluʻolu ʻole: ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole paha lawa nā cell i loko o kāu hāpana mimi no ka ʻike ʻana o ke kauka pathologist. Pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi hāpana mimi ʻē aʻe inā ʻo ia ke ʻano.
• Maikaʻi ʻole no ka carcinoma urothelial kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka pathologist kekahi mau cell kanesa a i ʻole nā ​​​​cell abnormal i loko o kāu hāpana mimi.
• Nā pūnaewele urothelial atypical: ʻO ke ʻano kēia ua loaʻa i ka pathologist kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe i loko o kāu hāpana mimi, akā ʻaʻole lawa ka mea ʻē o nā pūnaewele e manaʻo ʻia he maʻi kanesa.
• Kānalua no ka carcinoma urothelial kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ke ʻano kēia ua loaʻa i ka pathologist nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe i loko o kāu hāpana mimi i hiki ke lilo i maʻi kanesa.
• Maikaʻi no ka carcinoma urothelial kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ke ʻano kēia ua loaʻa i ka pathologist nā hunaola kanesa i loko o kou mimi.

Hiki i nā ʻāpana ʻē i loko o kou mimi ke lilo i hōʻailona ua pehu kou ala mimi. Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka radiation therapy kokoke i kou ʻōpū mimi, hiki nō hoʻi iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻē i loko o kou mimi.

Hiki i kahi hoʻāʻo cytology mimi ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kanesa. ʻAʻole hoʻohana wale nā ​​​​kauka i kēia e hoʻoholo ai inā he kanesa kou ʻāpana mimi. Inā loaʻa i kāu mimi nā cell ʻano ʻē, kānalua, a kanesa paha, e kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe, e like me ka cystoscopy a i ʻole CT scan, e nānā i kāu ʻōpū mimi a me ka urethra.

ʻEhia ka lōʻihi e hiki ai iaʻu ke ʻike i nā hopena?

ʻO ka manawa e hiki mai ai kāu mau hopena hoʻāʻo Urine Cytology e pili ana i kekahi mau kumu:

• Ke nīnau nei i ke kauka maʻi inā pono ʻo ia e ʻike i nā laʻana hou aku.
• Inā pono ka hoʻāʻo i nā ʻila a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻina hana kūikawā.
• Inā ʻoe e pono i ka manaʻo ʻelua mai kāu kauka a i ʻole he pathologist.
• Ua hana hou ʻoe i kekahi mau hoʻāʻo?
• Ka manawa hana laʻana.

Ma muli o ke kūlana o kēlā me kēia kanaka, e hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo maikaʻi i ka wā e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i nā hopena.

Pehea ka pololei o ka hoʻāʻo cytology mimi?

ʻOi aku ka kōkua o ka cytology urinary i ka ʻike ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu kiʻekiʻe invasive ( nā cell cancer e ulu a pālahalaha koke) a me ka carcinoma in situ (kahi hui o nā cell abnormal e noho wale ana ma kahi i hoʻokumu mua ʻia ai). Loaʻa iā ia ka 95% o ka pololei i ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau kūlana ʻelua.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ka cytology mimi i ka ʻike ʻana i ka carcinoma haʻahaʻa (nā hunaola kanesa e ulu a pālahalaha). Loaʻa iā ia ka helu pololei o 10% a 50% no ia mau maʻi kanesa. Loaʻa iā ia kahi helu wahaheʻe-maikaʻi ʻole no kēia kūlana. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki i nā hopena cytology mimi ke hōʻike ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ke kanaka ka carcinoma haʻahaʻa, akā hiki i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe ke hōʻike he carcinoma haʻahaʻa ke kanaka.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua cytology mimi ke lilo i mea hana pono i ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai urinary tract. ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai, inā kānalua kāu kauka he maʻi ʻaʻai urinary tract kou, pono ʻoe e loaʻa ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua cytology mimi. ʻOiai ke kali nei i nā hopena o kahi hoʻokolohua diagnostic hiki ke hopohopo, e ʻike ʻoe aia kāu hui lapaʻau ma laila e kākoʻo iā ʻoe me ka nānā ʻole i nā hopena. Mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu kauka i nā nīnau ma kēia kaʻina hana.

ʻO ka Cytology mimi, ka hoʻāʻo mimi, ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka maʻi ʻōpū, ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, ka hoʻāʻo kelepona