Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻōla i ke ola! E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka iwi iwi.

Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe e hiki i hoʻokahi hāʻawi mai iā ʻoe ke hoʻopakele loa i ke ola o kekahi kanaka? ʻAe, he ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO ka makana waiwai nui loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi aku i kahi mea e ʻeha nei i kahi maʻi ʻaʻai koko koʻikoʻi e like me ka leukemia, a i ʻole kekahi maʻi koko koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka iwi iwi. ʻO ka lohe ʻana i kēia inoa he mea weliweli iki paha, akā, ʻaʻole ia he mea paʻakikī a ʻeha paha e like me kou manaʻo. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia me ka maʻalahi loa, ma ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha maoli ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka iwi iwi?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka iwi iwi ke kaʻina hana o ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka iwi iwi o ke kanaka olakino a hāʻawi aku i kahi mea maʻi nona ka iwi iwi e hāʻule ana. I loko o nā iwi nui o ko mākou kino (e like me ka iwi ʻūhā), aia kahi ʻiʻo palupalu a huʻahuʻa. Kapa mākou ia he iwi iwi . ʻO kēia ka hale hana hana koko i loko o ko mākou kino. Hana ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets mai kahi ʻano kūikawā o ke kelepona i loko o kēia iwi iwi. Kapa mākou iā lākou he mau hunaola kumu .

No laila, ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka iwi iwi ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka wai iwi iwi e loaʻa ana kēia mau hunaola kumu makamae mai ka iwi ʻūhā o ka mea hāʻawi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila kūikawā. Hana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ma lalo o ka anesthesia laulā, no laila ʻaʻole ʻeha ka mea hāʻawi.

No ke aha e pono ai kekahi poʻe i ka hoʻoili iwi?

ʻO kekahi poʻe, ma muli o nā maʻi hānau ʻia a i loaʻa paha, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana pono i ke koko i loko o ko lākou iwi iwi. A i ʻole, hoʻomaka lākou e hana i nā pūnaewele ʻē, e like me nā pūnaewele maʻi kanesa.

Pono paha ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka iwi iwi ma nā kūlana olakino ma lalo nei:

• Nā maʻi ʻaʻai koko: Nā maʻi ʻaʻai e like me ka leukemia a me ka lymphoma.
• Nā maʻi hāʻule ʻana o ka iwi iwi: No ka laʻana, ma kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka anemia aplastic, pau ka iwi iwi i ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko.
• ʻO kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina e like me ka thalassemia: I loko o ia mau maʻi, ʻo ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka iwi iwi wale nō ka hopena i kekahi manawa.

Ke hoʻopau loa ʻia ka iwi maʻi o ka mea maʻi (ma o ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka radiation) a pani ʻia me ka iwi mai ke kanaka olakino, noho kēlā iwi hou i loko o ke kino o ka mea maʻi a hoʻomaka e hana i ke koko olakino.

Pehea ʻoe e loaʻa ai i ka hoa kūpono?

ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana paʻakikī loa o ke kaʻina hana. ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke hāʻawi i ka iwi iwi i kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe. Pono e kūlike pono nā ʻano ʻiʻo o ka mea hāʻawi a me ka mea loaʻa. Kāhea mākou i kēiaʻO ia ke ʻano o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigens).

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo HLA kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā māka protein ma ka ʻili o kēlā me kēia cell i loko o ko mākou kino e kōkua iā mākou e ʻike "he ʻāpana kēia o koʻu kino." Inā ʻaʻole kūlike kēia mau māka, hiki i ke kino o ka mea maʻi ke ʻike i ka iwi iwi i hāʻawi hou ʻia he "haole" a hōʻole iā ia.

• ʻO ke kūlike maikaʻi loa: ʻO kēia kūlike HLA ka mea maʻamau e hana pū me ke kaikunāne a kaikuahine paha o kekahi (ma kahi o 25%).
• Ma waho o ka ʻohana: Ma kahi o 70% o ka poʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa kahi mea hāʻawi kūpono i loko o ko lākou ʻohana. I ia mau hihia, pono e loaʻa kahi mea kūpono ma o nā International Donor Registries.

He mea nui anei ka lāhui i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka iwi iwi?

ʻAe. Pili loa kēia mau māka HLA i ka lāhui a me nā genes. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea hāʻawi kūpono no kahi kanaka ʻAsia ma waena o ka poʻe ʻAsia ma mua o ka poʻe ʻEulopa. No laila he mea nui loa ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i nā mea hāʻawi o nā lāhui āpau.

Hiki iaʻu ke lilo i mea hāʻawi? He aha kaʻu e pono ai e hana e hana ai i kēlā?

He mea maikaʻi loa ka lilo ʻana i mea hāʻawi iwi iwi e hoʻopakele ai i ke ola. Ma Sri Lanka, ʻo ka mea mua e hana ai, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea hāʻawi kūpono mai ka ʻohana o ka mea maʻi. Inā ʻaʻohe lālā o ka ʻohana, hoʻāʻo nā kauka e ʻimi i kekahi ma o nā papa inoa mea hāʻawi honua.

Inā makemake ʻoe e lilo i mea hāʻawi, aia nā papahana hoʻopaʻa inoa e hana ana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Penei ke kaʻina hana:

1. Kakau inoa: Ke kau inoa ʻoe ma o ka ʻoihana kūpono, e lawe lākou i kahi hāpana kelepona mai loko mai o kou waha (papālina) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi swab.

2. Ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano HLA: Hoʻāʻo lākou i ka hāpana, ʻike i kāu ʻano HLA, a hoʻokomo i kēlā ʻike i loko o kā lākou waihona ʻikepili.

3. Ke ʻimi nei i kahi kūlike: Inā kūlike kāu ʻano HLA me kahi mea maʻi ma nā wahi āpau o ka honua, e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku lākou iā ʻoe.

4. Hōʻoia: A laila, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua koko hou aʻe e hōʻoia i ka kūlike he 100%.

5. Hāʻawi: Inā maikaʻi nā mea a pau, e kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i ke kaʻina hana hāʻawi me kou ʻae ʻana.

He aha nā kumu kūpono no ka hiki ʻole ke hāʻawi i ka iwi iwi?

ʻAʻole hiki i nā kānaka a pau ke hāʻawi i ka iwi iwi. ʻO kekahi mau kūlana olakino e hiki ʻole ai iā ʻoe ke lilo i mea hāʻawi. Aia kekahi o kēia mau kumu ma ka papa ma lalo nei.

ʻAʻole pau kēia papa inoa. Inā makemake ʻoe e lilo i mea hāʻawi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūkākūkā ʻana i kou kūlana olakino me kāu kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana hāʻawi?

Ke ʻae ʻia ʻoe ma ke ʻano he mea hāʻawi, e nānā ʻia kou kūlana olakino piha ma mua o kou hāʻawi ʻana. E hana ʻia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua, e like me nā hoʻokolohua koko, ECG, a me ka X-ray umauma.

Eia ka mea e hana ʻia i ka lā hāʻawi:

1. Anesthesia: Lawe ʻia ʻoe i kahi lumi hana a hoʻokomo ʻia ma lalo o ka anesthesia laulā, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo i kekahi mea.

2. Ka ʻume ʻana i ka iwi: ʻOiai ʻoe e moe ana ma kou ʻōpū, e hoʻokomo nā kauka i kahi nila hakahaka kūikawā ma o ka ʻili ma hope o kou iwi ʻūhā a huki i ka wai iwi i loko o kahi syringe. Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻokomo i ka nila i nā manawa he nui e loaʻa ai ka nui āu e pono ai.

3. Ka nui: ʻO ka maʻamau ma kahi o 500 - 1000 ml o ka wai e hoʻoneʻe ʻia. ʻOiai paha e like kēia me ka nui o ka nui, ʻaʻole ia ma mua o 10% o ka huina o ka iwi iwi i loko o kou kino.

4. Manawa:Hoʻokahi hola ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o nā niho? Pehea ka lōʻihi e ho'ōla ai?

Ma hope o ke ʻoki kino, e lawe ʻia ʻoe i kahi lumi hoʻōla. Ke hoʻi hou ʻoe i ka ʻike, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home i loko o kekahi mau hola. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele i kēlā lā.

Ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kēia mau mea:

• ʻEha kua a me ka ʻūhā: Aia paha kekahi ʻeha a me ka palapū ma kahi i inikini ʻia no kekahi mau lā. Hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia me nā lāʻau ʻeha ʻeha ma luna o ke kauka (e like me Paracetamol).
• Luhi: E luhi iki paha ʻoe no kekahi mau lā.
• Hoʻōla: Hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke hoʻi hou i kā lākou hana maʻamau i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau lā. E kūkulu hou kou kino i ka nui o ka iwi iwi i lawe ʻia i loko o kekahi mau pule. I kekahi manawa, paipai paha nā kauka iā ʻoe e lawe i nā mea hoʻohui hao no kekahi manawa.

ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana o kāu hāʻawi i kekahi kanaka i kahi manawa ʻelua i ke ola. He manaʻo waiwai ʻole kēlā.