Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe ua pōkole kou hanu, ua paʻa kou umauma, a ua paʻakikī paha ʻoe i ka hanu? ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he pōkole o ka hanu, a i ʻole dyspnea, ma nā huaʻōlelo lapaʻau. Ua kapa pū kekahi poʻe iā ia he "pōkole o ka hanu" a i ʻole "pōkole o ka hanu." He mea maʻamau ka manaʻo ʻana he pōkole ka hanu i ka wā o ka hoʻoikaika kino, piʻi ʻana i nā alapiʻi, a i ʻole ke anu. Eia nō naʻe, inā pinepine kēia ʻano a i ʻole e kū mai ana ʻoiai ʻoe e hoʻomaha ana, he hōʻailona paha ia o kahi pilikia olakino.
He aha ka Dyspnea? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Dyspnea ka huaʻōlelo a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai no ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana. ʻAʻole ia he maʻi, akā he hōʻailona. E like me ke kuni. ʻAʻole he maʻi ke kuni, akā he hōʻailona o kahi maʻi a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe. Pēlā kēia ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo Dyspnea.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kēia ma nā ʻano like ʻole:
- Ka pōloli i ka ea (pōloli o ka ea).
- Ka manaʻo o ka paʻa a me ka ʻūmiʻi ma ka umauma.
- Pono e hana ikaika aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau e hanu ai.
- ʻAʻole hiki ke hanu hohonu.
Hiki i kēia ke lilo i hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi māmā a me ka puʻuwai. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā kūlana e like me ka hānō, nā maʻi allergies, a me ka hopohopo.
ʻElua mau huaʻōlelo hou e pili ana i ka pōkole o ka hanu
Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i kēia mau huaʻōlelo, no laila e aʻo iki kākou e pili ana i kēia.
- Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (PND): He ʻano kūikawā kēia. Ma kēia ʻano, ala koke ʻoe me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha hola ma hope o ka hiamoe ʻana.
- ʻO Sighing Dyspnea: ʻO kēia ka manawa e hanu hohonu ai ʻoe (sighs) e hōʻoluʻolu i ka pōkole o ka hanu.
ʻO nā ala nui ʻelua e loaʻa ai ka pilikia hanu
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano o Dyspnea i ʻelua ʻano nui ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana a me ka lōʻihi. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā kumu o kēia mau mea ʻelua. E nānā kākou i kēia ala e hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ai.
| Kūlana | Wehewehena | Nā kumu maʻamau |
|---|---|---|
| Dyspnea koʻikoʻi | Hoʻomaka koke kēia a mau no kahi manawa pōkole (mai kekahi mau hola a i kekahi mau lā). | Nā maʻi ʻaleka, ke kaumaha, ka hoʻoikaika kino, ke anu, ka maʻi palū. Nā kumu koʻikoʻi: hōʻeha puʻuwai, anaphylaxis, pulmonary embolism. |
| Dyspnea mau loa | He kūlana kēia e mau ana no kekahi mau pule a ʻoi aku paha, a i ʻole e hele pinepine mai a hele aku. | ʻO ka hānō, ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai, COPD (Maʻi Puʻuwai Pale Mau), a me ka nāwaliwali o ke kino ma muli o ka nele o ka hoʻoikaika kino. |
No ke aha mākou e pilikia ai i ka hanu ʻana? He aha nā kumu?
E noʻonoʻo i kou puʻuwai a me kou mau māmā e like me nā hoaaloha maikaʻi loa ʻelua e hana pū ana. Hoʻohui nā māmā i ka oxygen i ke koko, hoʻopuka ka puʻuwai i kēlā koko i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka oxygen ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, a lawe pū nā māmā i ke kalapona ʻokikene i ke kino a hoʻokuʻu aku i waho.
No laila, inā he pilikia me ka hana o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole nā māmā, aia paha ka nele o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko a i ʻole ka piʻi ʻana o ke kalapona ʻokikene. A laila loaʻa i ka lolo kahi hōʻailona e ʻōlelo ana, "ʻAʻole lawa ka hanu ʻana, e hanu ikaika." ʻO ia ka manawa e paʻakikī ai mākou i ka hanu ʻana.
ʻO nā kumu nui nā maʻi māmā a me ka puʻuwai. E nānā kākou iā lākou ma ke kaʻawale.
Nā kumu e pili ana i nā māmā a me ka ʻōnaehana hanu
- Asthma
- Nā maʻi ʻaleka
- COPD (mea maʻamau i waena o ka poʻe puhi paka)
- Nā maʻi hanu (e.g., bronchitis, COVID-19, pneumonia)
- Ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ka pleural a i ʻole ka mumū (pleurisy)
- Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wai i loko o nā māmā (Pulmonary Edema) a i ʻole ka ʻeha (Fibrosis)
- Ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā
- Ke koko kiʻekiʻe o ka puʻuwai
- ʻO ka maʻi puʻupuʻu
- ʻO ka māmā i hiolo / Pneumothorax
- ʻO ka Embolism Pulmonary
- ʻUmiʻumi
Nā kumu e pili ana i ka puʻuwai a me ke koko
- Anemia - ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka emi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ke koko.
- Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai
- Nā maʻi ʻiʻo puʻuwai (Cardiomyopathy)
- Ka helu puʻuwai maʻamau ʻole (Arrhythmia)
- ʻO ka mumū o ka puʻuwai (e.g. Endocarditis, Pericarditis)
Nā kumu ʻē aʻe
- Hopohopo: He kumu maʻamau loa kēia.
- Momona: ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kino (BMI) ma mua o 30.
- ʻAʻohe hoʻoikaika kino: Ke ʻole ʻoe e hoʻoikaika kino, nāwaliwali kou mau ʻiʻo a loaʻa iā ʻoe ka pōkole o ka hanu ʻoiai ke hana nei i nā hana liʻiliʻi.
- Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e kekahi mau lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa cholesterol (statins) a me kekahi mau lāʻau koko kiʻekiʻe (beta-blockers).
- Ka haki ʻana o kahi mea e like me ka iwi ʻaoʻao.
- ʻApnea hiamoe: ʻO ia ke ʻano e pau ai ka hanu ʻana i ka wā hiamoe.
Pehea e hiki ai i ke kauka ke ʻike i ke kumu o kēia?
Ke hoʻopiʻi ʻoe i ka pōkole o ka hanu, e nānā mua ke kauka iā ʻoe. E hoʻolohe ʻo ia i kou mau māmā me kahi stethoscope, e ana i kou koko, a e ana i ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o kou koko me kahi ʻūmiʻi liʻiliʻi ma kou manamana lima (he pulse oximeter).
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua e like me kēia e ʻike ai i ke kumu kūpono:
- ʻO ke kiʻi X-ray o ka umauma a i ʻole CT scan: No ka nānā ʻana i nā pilikia me nā māmā.
- Nā hoʻāʻo koko: E nānā no ka anemia a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.
- Nā Hoʻāʻo Hana o ka Mama: E ana i ka maikaʻi o kou hanu ʻana i loko a i waho.
- Hoʻāʻo Hoʻoikaika Kino Puʻuwai: He hoʻāʻo e ana i ka hana ʻana o kou puʻuwai a me kou mau māmā i kou hele ʻana ma luna o ka treadmill a me ka hoʻoikaika kino.
I ka manawa e ʻimi koke ai i ke aʻo lapaʻau
ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana i kekahi manawa he hōʻailona ia o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei, e hele koke i ka keʻena pilikia o ka haukapila kokoke loa (ETU).
| Nā hōʻailona pilikia e makaʻala ai |
|---|
| - Paʻakikī koke a koʻikoʻi ka hanu ʻana. |
| - Ka hanu pōkole ʻaʻole i emi iho ma hope o 30 mau minuke ma hope o ka hoʻomaha ʻana. |
| - Polū o nā lehelehe, ka ʻili, a i ʻole nā kui (Cyanosis). |
| - ʻEha ka umauma a i ʻole ka manaʻo o ka ʻūmiʻi ma ka umauma. |
| - Puʻuwai wikiwiki a ʻano ʻole paha (palpitations). |
| - Ke kuni kiʻekiʻe. |
| - Ke kani ʻana o ka hanu a i ʻole ke kani kiʻekiʻe (stridor) i ka wā e hanu ana. |
| - Ka pehu ʻana o nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae a i ʻole nā wāwae. |
Pehea e mālama ai a pale aku i kēia maʻi?
Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kumu o kou hanu pōkole. Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ke kumu a kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono. Ma keʻano laulā, hiki i kēia mau mea ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu.
- Hoʻoikaika Kino: Hoʻoikaika ka hoʻoikaika kino mau i kou puʻuwai a me kou mau māmā, no laila ʻaʻole pono lākou e hana nui.
- Nā hana hanu: Hiki i kāu kauka ke aʻo iā ʻoe i nā hana hanu kūpono a me nā ʻano hana e hoʻomālielie i kou manaʻo.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā mea inhaler (bronchodilators) no nā maʻi e like me ka hānō a me ka COPD.
- ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Oxygen: Inā haʻahaʻa loa kou pae oxygen koko, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka oxygen o waho.
- E pale i ka puhipaka: He mea kēia e hana ai.
- Ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha olakino.
- E pale i ka hanu ʻana i nā mea e hoʻonāukiuki ai i nā māmā, e like me ka lepo a me ka uahi.
ʻAʻole pono e hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ka pōkole o ka hanu. Inā loaʻa pinepine iā ʻoe kēia ʻano pilikia, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ʻohana. I kekahi manawa, hiki i kahi hoʻololi liʻiliʻi ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui i kou ʻano ola.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole maʻi ka dyspnea, akā he hōʻailona ia o kahi pilikia olakino.
- Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia kēia e nā kumu like ʻole, e like me nā māmā, ka puʻuwai, a me ke kaumaha o ka noʻonoʻo.
- ʻOiai he mea maʻamau ka luhi i ka wā o ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau, inā loaʻa pinepine kēia ʻeha a i ʻole i ka wā e hoʻomaha ana , e hopohopo .
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ka paʻakikī koke o ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, a i ʻole nā lehelehe polū,E hele koke i kahi keʻena mālama ulia pōpilikia (ETU).
- Mai makaʻu i kēia, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka, e ʻimi i ke kumu, a e ʻimi i ka lāʻau kūpono.
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