He wai kupaianaha maoli ke koko i loko o ko kākou kino, ʻeā? ʻO kēia koko ke lawe i ka meaʻai a me ka oxygen i nā ʻāpana a pau o ko kākou kino, a pale iā kākou mai nā maʻi. Akā i kekahi manawa, hoʻomaka kekahi o nā mea i loko o kēia koko e hoʻopilikia i ko kākou kino. ʻO ia ka manawa e kamaʻilio ai kākou e pili ana i kahi ʻano lapaʻau paʻakikī akā koʻikoʻi loa e kōkua mai ana.
ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā kākou, he aha kēia plasma?
Ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke koko, manaʻo mākou i kahi wai ʻulaʻula. Akā, ʻehā mau ʻāpana nui o kēia koko.
1. Nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula: Nā hunaola e lawe ana i ka oxygen ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
2. Nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo: ʻO kā mākou pūʻali koa e hakakā nei i nā huakini e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi.
3. Nā platelets: Nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana ke loaʻa kahi ʻeha.
4. Plasma: ʻO kēia ka wai melemele kahi e lana ai nā ʻāpana āpau i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna. Ua like ia me nā ʻāpana mea kanu e lana ana i loko o ka sopa. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia plasma he wai. Akā, aia pū kekahi mau mea he nui e pono ai no ko mākou kino, e like me nā protein a me nā electrolytes. Loaʻa kekahi o nā protein (antibodies) e pale ai i ko mākou kino mai nā maʻi i loko o kēia plasma.
I kēia manawa ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi manaʻo maʻamau e pili ana i ka plasma, e nānā kākou i kēia mau lāʻau ʻelua.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka Plasmapheresis a me ka Plasma Exchange
ʻOiai ke kani like nei kēia mau inoa ʻelua ke lohe ʻoe iā lāua, aia kahi ʻokoʻa iki.
- Plasmapheresis: I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kēia ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka plasma mai ke koko. ʻO ka hapa nui, hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e lawe i ke koko mai kahi kanaka olakino, hoʻokaʻawale i ka plasma mai ia mea, a hāʻawi aku i kekahi mea maʻi ʻē aʻe. He hāʻawi plasma ia, e like me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko.
- Hoʻololi Plasma: ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i ke koko mai kahi kanaka maʻi, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini kūikawā e wehe i ka plasma pilikia , e hoʻololi iā ia me ka plasma olakino a i ʻole kekahi wai like, a laila e hoʻihoʻi i ke koko i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ke kanaka. Ua like ia me ka wehe ʻana i kahi wai lepo a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai maʻemaʻe i loko.
He aha nā maʻi e hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia e kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO ka hoʻololi plasma kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i kekahi mau maʻi. He mea kūpono loa ia no nā maʻi autoimmune, kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino i ko mākou mau ʻāpana olakino ponoʻī. ʻO kēia no ka mea aia nā protein (antibodies) i loko o ka plasma e hoʻouka hewa ana i ke kino. No laila, ke wehe ʻia ka plasma pilikia, ua emi nui nā hōʻailona.
E nānā kākou i ka papa ma lalo nei e ʻike i nā kūlana olakino nui e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.
| Māhele maʻi | Inoa o ka maʻi | Pehea e kōkua ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau |
|---|---|---|
| Nā maʻi Neurologic | Sclerosis lehulehu (MS) | Ke ʻino koke nā hōʻailona, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā protein hoʻouka ponoʻī o ke kino mai ka plasma a hoʻomalu ʻia nā hōʻailona. |
| ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui | Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā antibodies maʻamau ʻole e hoʻonāwaliwali i nā ʻiʻo a hoʻouka i nā ʻiʻo olakino mai ka plasma. | |
| ʻO ka maʻi Guillain-Barré | Ke hoʻouka ka ʻōnaehana pale i nā aʻalolo, hoʻopau ia i kēlā mau antibodies ʻino mai ka plasma. | |
| Nā maʻi koko | ʻO ke kanioglobulinemia | I mea e pale ai i ka hui pū ʻana o nā protein koko a me ka ālai ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko, wehe ia i kēlā mau protein ʻino. |
| ʻO ka purpura thrombocytopenic thrombotic | Hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka plasma ʻino e hoʻoulu ai i nā ʻūpā koko i loko o nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi a hāʻawi ʻia ka plasma olakino. | |
| Nā ʻAno o ke Kanesa | Waldenström macroglobulinemia | Lawe ʻia lākou mai ka plasma e kāohi i ka nui o nā antibodies i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano maʻamau (immunoglobulin M). |
| ʻO ka myeloma lehulehu | Hoʻopau ia i nā protein ʻino i hana ʻia e nā pūnaewele plasma maʻi ʻaʻai ʻole i loko o ka iwi iwi. |
Pehea e hele ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau: ma mua, i ka wā a ma hope
He mea maʻamau ke manaʻo iki i ka makaʻu i ka lohe ʻana e pili ana i kēia ʻano lapaʻau. Akā i ka manawa e maopopo pono ai iā ʻoe ke ʻano o kāna hana, e nalo aku kēlā makaʻu.
Hoʻomākaukau ma mua o ka mālama ʻana
Inā kuhikuhi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:
- E inu nui i nā wai ʻaʻohe kalapona (wai, wai huaʻai) no 72 mau hola ma mua o ka mālama ʻana.
- E ʻai i ka meaʻai maikaʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- E ʻaʻahu i nā lole ʻoluʻolu . No ka mea e mau ana ka mālama ʻana no kekahi mau hola, he manaʻo maikaʻi e lawe mai i kahi puke e heluhelu ai a i ʻole kekahi mea e hoʻolohe ai.
- He mea nui e loaʻa kekahi e lawe iā ʻoe i ka home ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana
ʻAʻole paʻakikī kēia e like me kou manaʻo.
1. ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻokomo ke limahana lapaʻau i kahi paipu kūikawā (catheter) i loko o kahi aa koko ma kou lima a i ʻole he aa koko nui paha ma kou ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka ʻūhā.
2. A laila, lawe ʻia kahi koko liʻiliʻi mai kou kino ma o kēlā ʻōmole.
3. Hele pololei ke koko i loko o kahi mīkini kūikawā. Hoʻokaʻawale kēia mīkini i ka plasma mai kou koko.
4. A laila, wehe ʻia kāu plasma kānalua a hoʻolei ʻia.
5. Ua hui pū ʻia kāu mau keena ʻulaʻula i koe, nā keena keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets me ka plasma olakino a i ʻole kahi wai kūikawā i loaʻa kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo albumin .
6. ʻO ka hope loa, hoʻihoʻi ʻia kēia koko i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i kou kino ma o kēlā ʻōmole.
Hiki i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa ke lawe i kekahi mau hola , kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaha ma kahi moe a noho lima paha.
He mea ʻeha kēia?
ʻAʻole. ʻAʻole ʻeha kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻoluʻolu ʻole ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka catheter i loko o kou lima. Ma waho aʻe o kēlā, ʻaʻohe ʻeha. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i kēia mau mea:
- Me he mea lā he ʻeha iki nā lālā.
- Ka luaʻiʻO ka mea e hele mai ana.
- Manaʻo e like me ka poniuniu .
- Ke anuanu nei .
Inā manaʻo ʻoe i kekahi mea e like me kēia, he mea nui loa e haʻi koke aku i ke kahu maʻi a i ʻole ke kauka.
Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana
Nui ka poʻe e luhi loa ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. He mea maʻamau kēia. ʻO ka plasma ke kumu nui o ka wai no ko mākou kino. No laila e aʻo aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e inu i ka wai a me nā wai hou aku ma mua o ka maʻamau no kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.
Nā pono a me nā pilikia o ka mālama ʻana
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, aia nā pono a me nā pilikia liʻiliʻi loa.
| Nā Pōmaikaʻi | Nā Pōʻino a i ʻole nā Pilikia |
|---|---|
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E hoʻomanaʻo he mea kakaikahi loa kēia mau pilikia, a e nānā mau ana ke kime lapaʻau iā ʻoe i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, no laila inā kū mai kekahi pilikia, e mālama koke ʻia lākou.
Nā nīnau paha āu e loaʻa ai
He mea like kēia me ka dialysis?
He nīnau maikaʻi. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo ma hope o nā ʻano hana ʻelua ua like ia: ke kānana ʻana i nā mea ʻino a makemake ʻole ʻia mai ke koko. Akā aia kahi ʻokoʻa.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka dialysis e wehe i nā huahana ʻōpala mai ke koko o kekahi me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa.
Hana ʻia ka hoʻololi plasma e wehe i nā antibodies ʻino a i ʻole nā protein mai ke koko.
ʻEhia ka lōʻihi e ola ai ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻOkoʻa ia ma muli o kou kūlana. No ka laʻana, ʻo kekahi me ka myasthenia gravis hiki ke ʻole nā hōʻailona no kekahi mau mahina ma hope o kekahi mau pule o ka mālama ʻana. Ma hope o kēlā, pono hou paha ka mālama ʻana. He lāʻau lapaʻau kēia e kāohi ana i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaʻalahi i ke ola, ma mua o ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka maʻi.
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ka hoʻololi plasma he lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi he nui. Akā, loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke kāohi i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi a hoʻomaikaʻi i kou ʻano ola. Inā ua kuhikuhi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe, e ʻoluʻolu e kūkākūkā i nā nīnau a hopohopo paha āu e loaʻa ai me kāu kauka.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka hoʻololi plasma kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e wehe ana i ka plasma ʻino mai ke koko a hoʻololi iā ia me ka wai olakino a hoʻihoʻi i ke kino.
- Hoʻohana ʻia ia e mālama i nā maʻi autoimmune, kekahi mau maʻi koko, a me ke kanesa.
- ʻAʻohe ʻeha o ke kaʻina hana a palekana loa ia. ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi e kū mai ana e mālama maʻalahi ʻia e nā kauka.
- He lāʻau lapaʻau kēia e kaohi ai i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaʻalahi i ke ola, akā, ʻaʻole ia he lāʻau lapaʻau e ho'ōla loa ai i nā maʻi he nui.
- He mea nui loa e kamaʻilio ākea e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me kāu kauka a hoʻoponopono i kou mau hopohopo a pau.
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