Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi koko liʻiliʻi i loko o kou mimi, a inā ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻeha nui i ka wā e mimi ai, hiki ke hopohopo iki, ʻeā? Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea e nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. Aia kekahi mau ʻano pōhaku puʻupaʻa, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea he mau pōhaku uric acid. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke kumu o ko lākou hana ʻana, he aha nā hōʻailona, a pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke pale iā mākou iho mai kēia maʻi.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha nā pōhaku uric acid?
ʻO nā pōhaku waikawa uric kekahi o nā ʻano ʻehā o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka pōhaku puʻupaʻa he puʻu paʻa o kekahi mau minelala i loko o ko mākou kino e hana ana e like me ka pōhaku. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i loko o nā puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ma nā wahi āpau o ka ʻōnaehana mimi.
No laila, he aha ka uric acid?
He huahana ʻōpala ka waikawa uric i loko o ko kākou koko. Hoʻopuka ʻia ia ke wāwahi ko kākou kino i nā kemika i kapa ʻia he purines . Loaʻa kēia mau purines i ka nui o nā ʻiʻo, ʻoiai ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula, a me nā mea inu ʻona e like me ka pia.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka uric acid i hana ʻia e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ke koko, hele ma waena o nā puʻupaʻa, a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka mimi. Eia nō naʻe, hana ʻia nā pōhaku uric acid i ʻelua mau hihia:
- Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka nui o ka waikawa uric i loko o kou mimi.
- Inā he ʻakika loa kou mimi i nā manawa a pau.
I nā manawa e like me kēia, ʻo ka waikawa uric hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hōʻiliʻili a hana i nā kristal liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohui kēia mau kristal me nā mea ʻē aʻe a lilo mālie i mau pōhaku nui.
He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia mau pōhaku?
Ua like loa nā hōʻailona o nā pōhaku uric acid me nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hōʻailona nui ka ʻeha. Hiki i kēia mau pōhaku ke ʻeha loa inā e paʻa lākou i loko o ka puʻupaʻa a i ʻole inā e hele lākou i lalo i ke ala mimi.
| Hōʻailona | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| ʻEha nui | He ʻeha ʻoi ma ke kua haʻahaʻa, ka ʻaoʻao, ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka ʻūhā. Hiki i kēia ʻeha ke like me ka hele mai a me ka nalo ʻana. |
| Ke koko i loko o ka mimi (Hematuria) | Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi kala poni, ʻulaʻula, a ʻeleʻele paha i loko o kou mimi. |
| Nā hōʻailona mimi ʻē aʻe | Ke kuni nei i ka wā e mimi ai, ka makemake pinepine e mimi, ka mimi ʻeleʻele a ʻala ʻino paha. |
| Nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau ʻē aʻe | Ka luaʻi, ka wela, a me ke anu. |
ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou a e ʻike koke i ke kauka.
No ke aha i hoʻokumu ʻia ai kēia mau pōhaku uric acid?
Aia kekahi mau kumu nui no kēia.
1. ʻAi a me nā Purines
Kiʻekiʻe kekahi mau meaʻai i nā purines. Inā ʻai mau mākou i kēia mau mea a nui, piʻi aʻe ka nui o ka uric acid i loko o ke kino.
- ʻAi ʻulaʻula (pipi, hipa, puaʻa)
- Nā ʻiʻo kino (ʻākea, puʻupaʻa, a pēlā aku)
- ʻO kekahi ʻano iʻa (e like me ka sardines, halibut) a me nā meaʻai kai e like me ka ʻōpae a me ka pāpaʻi
- Pia a me kekahi mau ʻano waiʻona
Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻo ka meaʻai wale nō ke kumu. Inā ʻai nui kekahi mea i loaʻa i ka genetic predisposition i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau pōhaku i kēia mau meaʻai, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia.
2. Nā kūlana genetic a me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe
Ua hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me ka hiki ʻole ke kāohi pono i ka uric acid a i ʻole nā protein i loko o ko lākou kino. Pēlā nō, hiki i ka poʻe me ke ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo gout ke hoʻomohala i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka uric acid i loko o ko lākou koko a hoʻomohala i nā pōhaku.
3. Nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe
- Momona: ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kino (BMI) ma mua o 25.
- ʻAʻole inu wai lawa: ʻO kēia ke kumu nui o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. Ke inu ʻoe i ka wai liʻiliʻi, e lilo ana kou mimi i ʻoi aku ka nui, e maʻalahi ai ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku.
- ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 2.
- Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e.g. diuretics).
- Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa.
- ʻO ke ʻoki kino no ka pohō kaumaha (ʻoki kino Bariatric).
Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia?
Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, e nīnau ʻo ia e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, e nānā i kou kino, a laila e kauoha i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau pōhaku.
| ʻAno hoʻāʻo | He aha ka mea e manaʻo ʻia mai kēia? |
|---|---|
| Nā hoʻāʻo koko | E nānā inā he kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka uric acid a i ʻole ka calcium i loko o ke koko. |
| Ka nānā ʻana i ka mimi | E nānā i ka pae o ka waikawa uric a me ka acidity o kāu mimi. E noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i kahi hōʻiliʻili mimi 24-hola. |
| Nā Hoʻāʻo Kiʻi | Hiki ke kauoha ʻia kahi CT scan a i ʻole ultrasound scan e ʻike pono i kahi o nā pōhaku a me ko lākou nui. |
| Ka Nānā Pōhaku | Inā loaʻa kahi ʻāpana pōhaku a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka mimi, hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano o ka pōhaku. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻokumu hou ʻana o nā pōhaku. |
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?
ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono no nā pōhaku uric acid.
ʻO ka wai ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa!
ʻO ka hana mua a koʻikoʻi loa i ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ka inu ʻana i ka nui o ka wai . ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka inu ʻana ma kahi o 3 lita o ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā a hoʻokuʻu aku ma kahi o 2.5 lita o ka mimi. Eia ka mea e hana ʻia ke inu ʻoe i ka wai:
- Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka mimi, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o nā minelala hana pōhaku.
- Ma muli o ka mimi pinepine ʻana, hoʻohemo ʻia kēlā mau minelala mai ke kino ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku.
ʻO nā pōhaku i liʻiliʻi ma mua o 7 millimeters e puka aku i loko o ka mimi i loko o 3 mau pule me ka nui o ka wai.
Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻAe. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano pōhaku puʻupaʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻo kahi pono kūikawā o nā pōhaku uric acid hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me kēia:
- Nā pila e like me ka Potassium citrate a i ʻole Calcium carbonate : Hoʻemi kēia i ka ʻakika o ka mimi a hoʻolilo iā ia i alkaline. E kōkua kēia i nā pōhaku e hoʻoheheʻe.
- Allopurinol: Hoʻemi kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā pae uric acid i loko o ke koko.
ʻOiai ke lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui e inu i ka nui o ka wai.
Āhea e pono ai ke ʻoki kino?
I kekahi manawa pono ke ʻoki kino.
- Inā nui loa ka pōhaku .
- Inā ālai loa ka pōhaku i ke kahe o ka mimi .
- Inā he maʻi .
- Inā ʻaʻole i hala ka pōhaku ma hope o 4-6 mau pule.
I kēia manawa, aia nā ʻano hana holomua loa a minimally invasive no kēia.
- ʻO ka ESWL (Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy): He ʻano hana e wāwahi ai i nā pōhaku ma ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā nalu kani ikehu kiʻekiʻe mai waho o ke kino.
- Ureteroscopy: Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi loa me kahi kāmela i lalo o ka urethra a ua wāwahi ʻia ka pōhaku i mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a wehe pololei ʻia paha.
- PCNL (Percutaneous nephrolithotomy): No nā pōhaku nui aʻe, he hana ia e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi loa ma ke kua a komo i loko o ka puʻupaʻa e wehe i ka pōhaku.
Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale aku i ka hana hou ʻana o kēia mau pōhaku?
Ke kūkulu ʻia kahi pōhaku, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa e kūkulu hou ʻia ai i loko o 5-7 mau makahiki. No laila, he mea nui loa ka pale ʻana.
| Nā mea e hana ai | Nā mea pono ʻole / E hōʻemi |
|---|---|
| E inu i ka wai he nui. E inu ma ka liʻiliʻi he 3-4 mau ʻōmole wai i ka lā. | E hōʻemi i kāu ʻai mau ʻana i ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻiʻo ʻōpū (akepaʻa, puʻupaʻa). |
| E ʻai i nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai hou aku. | E hoʻemi i kāu inu ʻana i ka pia a me ka waiʻona . |
| E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino . | E hōʻemi i nā mea inu a me nā meaʻai kō , ʻoiai hoʻi nā mea i loaʻa ka syrup kulina fructose kiʻekiʻe. |
| E ʻai i nā palaoa piha a me nā huahana waiū momona haʻahaʻa. | E hōʻemi i kāu ʻai mau ʻana i nā meaʻai kai e like me ka sardines, halibut, a me ka ʻōpae . |
I ka manawa hea ʻoe e pono ai e ʻike i ke kauka?
Inā manaʻo ʻoe he mau pōhaku puʻupaʻa kou a loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei, e ʻike koke i ke kauka, a i ʻole e hele i ka Emergency Department (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa.
- Inā he kuni kou ma luna o 38.6 Celsius (101.5 Fahrenheit) .
- Inā he ʻeha hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui .
- Inā he kahe nui ke koko me ka mimi.
- Inā hoʻomau ka nausea a me ka luaʻi .
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka maʻi diabetes.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He ʻeha nā pōhaku ʻakika uric, akā hiki ke mālama pono ʻia.
- ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa a maʻalahi hoʻi e pale ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kēia mau pōhaku, ʻo ia ka inu ʻana i ka wai lawa i kēlā me kēia lā.
- E makaʻala i kāu papaʻai. He mea nui loa ia e kaupalena i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula, kekahi mau meaʻai kai, a me ka waiʻona.
- Inā he koko i loko o kou mimi, ʻeha nui, a i ʻole ke kuni, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia. E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
- Hiki ke hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻia kēia kūlana ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona.
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