Koj puas tau kuaj koj cov hemoglobin lawm? Cia peb tham txog qhov kev kuaj Hemoglobin Electrophoresis!

Nyob zoo! Hnub no peb yuav tham txog kev kuaj ntshav uas tej zaum yuav tshiab me ntsis rau koj, tab sis nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev kuaj mob qee yam kab mob. Qhov no yog kev kuaj hu ua Hemoglobin Electrophoresis . Tej zaum koj tus kws kho mob tau hais kom koj ua qhov kev kuaj no, lossis koj tau hnov ​​​​​​lub npe no qhov twg. Txawm hais tias lub npe ntev me ntsis, tsis txhob ntshai! Nws yooj yim heev. Peb yuav tham txog nws tag nrho kom meej meej hauv tsab xov xwm no hnub no.

Hemoglobin Electrophoresis yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yog ib txoj kev los tshuaj xyuas cov protein hu ua hemoglobin hauv peb cov qe ntshav liab. Tej zaum koj yuav nco qab tias hemoglobin yog ib qho protein tseem ceeb uas nqa oxygen thoob plaws peb lub cev thiab muab cov qe ntshav liab rau lawv cov xim liab. Kev tsim cov hemoglobin no kom raug yog tswj los ntawm peb cov noob caj noob ces.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, qee qhov kev hloov pauv, lossis kev hloov pauv, tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov noob caj noob ces uas tswj hemoglobin. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, es tsis yog cov qe ntshav liab noj qab haus huv, cov qe ntshav liab uas puas lawm, thiab tsis ua haujlwm pib tsim. Cov qe ntshav liab uas puas lawm no tawg sai sai, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob xws li ntshav tsis txaus , lossis cov kab mob loj ntsig txog ntshav xws li ntshav tsis txaus thiab thalassemias .

Yog li, qhov kev kuaj hemoglobin electrophoresis no tso cai rau cov kws kho mob kom paub seb puas muaj cov mob zoo li no. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev kuaj no yog ib qho ntawm ob peb qhov kev kuaj uas ua rau cov menyuam mos. Nws pab nrhiav tau cov kab mob tsawg tab sis tej zaum yuav loj xws li sickle cell anemia thaum ntxov.

Qhov txawv ntawm kev kuaj hemoglobin thiab hemoglobin electrophoresis yog dab tsi?

Qhov no kuj yog qhov uas ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem. Kev kuaj hemoglobin ib txwm ntsuas qhov ntau ntawm hemoglobin hauv koj cov qe ntshav liab. Uas yog, nws xyuas seb koj cov hemoglobin qis, siab, lossis ib txwm muaj.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev kuaj hemoglobin electrophoresis ua qee yam tob dua li ntawd. Nws tshuaj xyuas cov hom hemoglobin sib txawv hauv koj cov qe ntshav liab, thiab muaj pes tsawg hom ntawm txhua hom. Koj puas nkag siab qhov txawv? Ib tug saib qhov ntau npaum li cas, lwm tus saib cov hom thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov hom ntawd.

Yog li, cov hemoglobin no yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau cov kws kho mob tsom mus rau plaub hom hemoglobin tseem ceeb hauv qhov kev kuaj no. Cia peb kawm me ntsis txog lawv.

• Hemoglobin A1 thiab A2 (HgbA1 thiab HgbA2): Hom hemoglobin no, hu ua hemoglobin A1, yog hom muaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov qe ntshav liab ntawm ib tus neeg laus noj qab nyob zoo. Hemoglobin A2 yog ib hom me me, ua txog li 2% txog 3% ntawm tag nrho cov hemoglobin. Cov no kuj hu ua "hemoglobins laus."

• Hemoglobin F (HgbF): Qhov no hu ua "Fetal Hemoglobin"Raws li lub npe qhia, hom HgbF no pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov qe ntshav liab ntawm cov menyuam hauv plab, cov menyuam mos, thiab cov menyuam yaus txog li 3 xyoos. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem txawv txav yog tias muaj qib HgbF siab dua li qub hauv cov ntshav ntawm ib tus neeg laus.

• Hemoglobin S (HgbS): Hom hemoglobin no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob sickle cell anemia . Sickle cell anemia yog ib qho mob hnyav uas yog ib feem ntawm cov kab mob sickle cell . Cov mob no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg African . HgbS ua rau cov qe ntshav liab hloov mus ua ib daim duab sickle, uas tuaj yeem thaiv cov hlab ntsha.

• Hemoglobin C (HgbC): Hom hemoglobin no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog ib yam mob hu ua hemolytic anemia . Qhov no yog ib yam mob uas cov qe ntshav liab raug rhuav tshem sai dua li cov qe ntshav ib txwm lossis lawv lub neej luv dua. Ib yam li sickle cell anemia, tus mob HgbC no kuj tshwm sim ntau dua rau cov neeg African .

Tam sim no nws meej rau koj tias muaj ntau hom hemoglobin, thiab txhua hom muaj cov haujlwm thiab cov teebmeem tshwj xeeb.

Yuav ua qhov kev kuaj no li cas? Yuav ua li cas thiaj coj cov ntshav mus kuaj?

Yuav ua qhov kev kuaj no, peb tsuas xav tau cov ntshav kuaj xwb. Cov kws kho mob, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los kuaj cov ntshav no. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi.

1. Kev nqus ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha

Nov yog txoj kev uas feem ntau siv los sau cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus loj dua. Tej zaum koj yuav tau muab ntshav li no.

• Ua ntej, tus kws tu mob lossis tus kws kho mob yuav ntxuav qhov chaw uas koj cov leeg ntshav nyob ntawm koj txhais caj npab nrog cawv.
• Tom qab ntawd, lawv muab ib daim ntaub qhwv caj dab rau ntawm koj txhais caj npab thiab zawm nws kom nruj, thiab hais kom koj nias koj txhais caj npab. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov leeg ntshav pom tau yooj yim dua thiab cov ntshav yooj yim dua.
• Tom qab ntawd, tus kws tu mob muab ib rab koob ntxig rau hauv cov leeg ntshav. Thaum lub sijhawm no, koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​mob me ntsis, zoo li raug ntsaum tom. Tab sis nws tsuas kav ob peb feeb xwb.
• Sau cov ntshav uas xav tau rau hauv ib lub raj mis me me thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom kuaj.
• Tom qab rho cov ntshav tawm lawm, yuav muab ib daim nplaum me me lo rau ntawm qhov chaw uas tau muab koob txhaj rau. Qhov chaw ntawd yuav raug mob me ntsis thiab tej zaum yuav tig xiav mus rau ob peb hnub. Qhov no yog ib txwm muaj, tsis txhob txhawj.

2. Tus ntiv tes

Txoj kev no feem ntau siv los coj cov ntshav ntawm cov menyuam yaus.

• Qhov no suav nrog kev siv ib lub cuab yeej me me los chob tus me nyuam tus ntiv tes thiab haus ob peb tee ntshav.
• Cov ntshav kuaj no muab tso rau ntawm daim kab kuaj uas tsim tshwj xeeb los yog hauv lub raj mis me me.
• Qee zaum, muaj cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem sau thiab tso ntshav tib lub sijhawm. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev yooj yim thiab ceev heev.

3. Tus pas nrig pob taws

Qhov no yog ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mob rau menyuam mos. Feem ntau qhov kev kuaj no yuav ua tiav tsis pub dhau 48 teev tom qab yug los.

• Hauv qhov no, muab ib rab koob me me ntxig rau hauv qab ntawm tus menyuam lub pob taws thiab tau txais ob peb tee ntshav.
• Lub sijhawm no, leej niam lossis leej txiv tuaj yeem tuav tus menyuam. Ces tus menyuam kuj yuav xis nyob.
• Cov ntshav kuaj raug sau thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj tom qab muab pleev rau ntawm ib daim ntawv.
• Cov kev kuaj no yog siv los kuaj cov menyuam mos rau cov cim ntawm cov mob tsis tshua muaj tab sis kho tau xws li sickle cell anemia, uas txhais tau tias lawv muaj cov hemoglobin variants tsis zoo.

Yuav kuaj cov ntshav no li cas hauv chav kuaj?

Zoo, tam sim no peb tau coj cov ntshav kuaj. Yuav ua li cas tom ntej? Hauv chav kuaj, cov hom hemoglobin no raug cais thiab txheeb xyuas hauv txoj kev nthuav heev. Qhov ntawd hu ua siv cov nqi hluav taws xob . Cov hom hemoglobin tseem ceeb muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob sib txawv.

Nov yog li cas qhov kev xeem no feem ntau ua haujlwm:

• Ua ntej, cov qe ntshav liab raug cais tawm ntawm cov ntshav kuaj thiab yaj. Cov qe ntshav liab uas yaj lawm no raug muab tso rau ntawm ib daim kab tshwj xeeb, xws li ib daim kab cellulose .
• Tom qab ntawd, daim kab uas muaj cov qauv no raug muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab hu ua electrophoresis chamber . Lub tshuab no xa hluav taws xob hla cov qauv.
• Ua teb rau qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no, cov hemoglobin hom uas muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob sib txawv sib cais ntawm ib leeg thiab txav mus raws kab ntawm qhov ceev sib txawv.
• Thaum kawg, cov hemoglobin sib cais no tshwm sim ua cov kab sib txawv xim ntawm daim kab.
• Tom ntej no, cov kws kho mob muab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj no piv rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov qauv hemoglobin ib txwm muaj los ntawm ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv.
• Yog tias qib ntawm ib hom hemoglobin tshwj xeeb siab dua lossis qis dua li qub, nws tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev mob ntshav. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj hom hemoglobin S (HgbS) zoo li txawv ntawm HgbS ntawm ib tus neeg ib txwm, nws tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj muaj ntshav liab sickle cell.

Xav txog nws li no, ib yam li thaum koj pov cov pob zeb uas muaj qhov hnyav sib txawv rau hauv cov dej ntws, cov pob zeb taug kev sib txawv nyob ntawm lawv qhov hnyav. Ntawm no, hluav taws xob ua haujlwm zoo li "dej ntws."

Qhov txawv ntawm isoelectric focusing (IEF) thiab electrophoresis yog dab tsi?

Isoelectric focusing (IEF) yog lwm txoj kev siv los txheeb xyuas cov hom hemoglobin uas tsis zoo. Ob qho tib si IEF thiab electrophoresis siv cov hluav taws xob los cais cov hom hemoglobin. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm ob txoj kev. Qee zaum, ob txoj kev no siv tau los txheeb xyuas cov hom hemoglobin kom raug dua.

Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas rau daim ntawv qhia kom tuaj txog?

Qhov kev kuaj mob yuav siv sijhawm li ib teev kom ua tiav ntawm chav kuaj mob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub rau koj tus kws kho mob kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig, tshuaj xyuas lawv, thiab piav qhia rau koj. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob xav tias yuav tau txais daim ntawv qhia tam sim ntawd tom qab kev kuaj mob. Tus kws kho mob yuav qhia rau koj hnub uas koj yuav tsum tuaj tos daim ntawv qhia.

Kuv daim ntawv qhia txhais li cas? Kuv nkag siab li cas?

Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Koj daim ntawv qhia txog hemoglobin electrophoresis yuav teev cov qib rau txhua hom hemoglobin. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj qib hemoglobin F (HgbF) siab dua li qub, nws yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm qee hom thalassemia.

Tiam sis, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhov no zoo:

Tsis txhob txiav txim siab txog ib yam kab mob raws li cov lej hauv daim ntawv qhia. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mob xwb. Tus neeg zoo tshaj plaws los nkag siab txog yam uas nyob hauv koj daim ntawv qhia thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog koj tus kws kho mob . Nws yuav xav txog txhua yam los ntawm koj cov tsos mob, lwm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob, thiab koj keeb kwm kev kho mob kom ua qhov kev kuaj mob tseeb.

Yog tias muaj tej yam tsis zoo li qub hauv kuv daim ntawv qhia, kuv puas yuav tsum hu rau kws kho mob?

Yog, tau kawg li. Yog tias koj tau kuaj hemoglobin electrophoresis no vim muaj cov tsos mob (piv txwv li, qaug zog ntau zaus, ntsej muag dawb paug, ua pa luv luv), koj yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd los tham txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm daim ntawv qhia.

Kev kuaj hemoglobin electrophoresis muab rau peb ib daim duab ntawm cov hom hemoglobin hauv koj cov ntshav thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Cov theem Hemoglobin yog ib txoj hauv kev los ntsuam xyuas cov protein tseem ceeb no hauv peb cov qe ntshav liab. Kev hloov pauv tsis zoo ntawm cov theem ntawm ib hom hemoglobin tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj muaj mob.

Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam cov txiaj ntsig kuaj qhia tias muaj mob hnyav, nws yooj yim heev rau kev ntxhov siab thiab ntshai tsuas yog saib daim duab xwb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws yog hais txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj tus menyuam yaus lossis tus menyuam mos, nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj kev ntxhov siab. Tab sis sim saib daim duab loj dua es tsis txhob ntshai. Tus neeg zoo tshaj plaws los pab koj nrog qhov ntawd yog koj tus kws kho mob. Nws tuaj yeem piav qhia tias "daim duab" no haum rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho li cas thiab koj yuav tsum ua dab tsi tom ntej.

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev

Vam tias koj tam sim no nkag siab zoo txog qhov kev kuaj hemoglobin electrophoresis uas peb tau tham hnub no. Nov yog ob peb yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov:

• Hemoglobin electrophoresis yog ib qho kev kuaj ntshav tshwj xeeb uas txheeb xyuas cov hom hemoglobin sib txawv hauv cov ntshav thiab lawv cov nqi.
• Qhov no pab kuaj mob cov kab mob ntsig txog ntshav xws li sickle cell anemia thiab thalassemia .
• Tus menyuam mosQhov no kuj ua tiav ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mob.
• Cov hom hemoglobin raug cais los ntawm kev coj cov ntshav thiab siv hluav taws xob .
• Nco ntsoov nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej koj sim nkag siab txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm daim ntawv qhia ntawm koj tus kheej.
• Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo li qub, tsis txhob ntshai thiab ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia. Kev kuaj pom thaum ntxov yog thawj kauj ruam rau kev kho mob zoo.

Peb vam tias koj pom cov ntaub ntawv no muaj txiaj ntsig. Nyob kom noj qab nyob zoo!

Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hemoglobin Electrophoresis, Hemoglobin, Cov Qog Ntshav Liab, Kab Mob Ntshav Tsis Txaus, Kab Mob Ntshav Tsis Txaus, Thalassemia