Koj puas tau hnov ​​txog cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic no hauv koj lub cev? Cia peb tham txog nws yooj yim!

Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib txoj hlab ntshav tseem ceeb heev hauv peb lub cev uas tej zaum koj yuav tsis tau hnov ​​​​dua. Qhov no yog txoj hlab ntshav brachiocephalic. Txawm hais tias lub npe nyuaj me ntsis, nws txoj haujlwm yooj yim heev thiab tseem ceeb. Nws ua haujlwm zoo heev ntawm kev nqa cov ntshav mus rau sab xis saum toj ntawm peb lub cev.

Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic no yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, koj cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic yog ib txoj hlab ntsha uas ceg tawm ntawm lub aorta, uas yog cov hlab ntsha loj hauv koj lub hauv siab. Koj puas tau pom qhov nkhaus ntawm ib tug pas? Qhov ntawd yog qhov saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm peb lub aorta zoo li cas, thiab peb hu nws ua lub aortic arch. Lub brachiocephalic artery yog thawj txoj hlab ntsha uas ceg tawm ntawm lub aortic arch. Nws pab muab ntshav rau sab xis saum toj ntawm koj lub cev.

Qhov no kuj hu ua:

• Lub cev Brachiocephalic: Vim nws zoo li lub cev ntawm ob ceg hlab ntsha loj.
• Innominate artery: Qhov no kuj yog lub npe qub.

Koj cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic yog ib feem ntawm lub cev ncig ntshav, lub cev uas nqa ntshav thoob plaws peb lub cev.

Yuav ua li cas rau cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic?

Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic ua haujlwm tseem ceeb heev. Nws nqa cov ntshav huv thiab muaj oxygen ntau mus rau cov kabmob thiab cov nqaij hauv peb lub cev sab saud. Tshwj xeeb, nws coj cov ntshav los ntawm koj lub aorta thiab xa mus rau koj cov hlab ntsha sab xis subclavian thiab cov hlab ntsha carotid sab xis. Cov ntshav no muab cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham rau koj sab caj npab sab xis, sab xis ntawm koj lub hlwb, sab xis ntawm koj lub ntsej muag, thiab sab xis ntawm koj lub caj dab. Xav txog seb cov hlab ntsha me me no ua haujlwm loj npaum li cas!

Cov hlab ntsha no puas nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen los yog cov ntshav uas tsis muaj oxygen?

Lo lus nug zoo! Koj cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen . Peb lub plawv tso cov ntshav huv, muaj oxygen mus rau hauv aorta. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, cov ntshav no mus dhau lwm cov hlab ntsha uas tawm ntawm aorta (xws li cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic) los pub rau peb lub cev.

Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic nyob qhov twg?

Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic (lossis lub cev) nyob rau sab xis saum toj ntawm koj lub hauv siab, saum koj lub plawv thiab me ntsis hauv qab koj lub caj dab. Yuav kom meej meej, nws nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm koj lub hauv siab hu ua "Mediastinum". Qhov chaw no hu ua "Mediastinum" yog qhov tseem ceeb heev vim nws muaj koj lub plawv thiab qee qhov ntawm lwm cov hlab ntsha loj.

Raws li kuv tau hais ua ntej lawm, cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic yog thawj ceg uas ceg tawm ntawm koj lub '(Aortic arch)', uas yog qhov nkhaus sab saud ntawm koj lub aorta. "Ua ntej" txhais tau tias nws yog ceg ze tshaj plaws rau koj lub plawv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog thawj ceg uas ceg tawm ntawm koj lub '(Aorta)'. Vim tias, ua ntej '(Aortic arch)', muaj ib feem ntawm koj lub aorta uas tawm los ntawm koj lub plawv, hu ua '(Ascending aorta)'. Cov hlab ntsha coronary uas muab ntshav rau koj cov leeg nqaij plawv faib tawm ntawm '(Ascending aorta)' no. Yog li, thawj ceg uas ceg tawm ntawm koj lub aorta yog koj cov hlab ntsha coronary.

Qhov tseem ceeb, cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic tsis yog ib qho ntawm cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb ntawm lub plawv, thiab nws tsis txuas ncaj qha rau lub chamber ntawm lub plawv. Nws tsuas yog ib ceg ntawm aorta xwb.

Ob ceg tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic yog dab tsi?

Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic no faib ua ob ceg thaum nws mus deb ntawm lub plawv, uas yog, mus rau saum toj. Qhov kev faib no kuj hu ua '(Bifurcates)'. Ob ceg yog:

• Cov hlab ntsha sab xis subclavian: Qhov no muab ntshav rau sab saud ntawm koj sab caj npab xis. Nws kuj tseem ceg tawm los muab ntshav rau qee qhov ntawm koj lub taub hau, caj dab, thiab hauv siab.
• Cov hlab ntsha carotid sab xis: Qhov no muab ntshav rau koj lub hlwb thiab lwm qhov ntawm koj lub taub hau, ntsej muag, thiab caj dab.

Cov no hu ua cov ceg kawg vim tias cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic xaus rau ntawm no. Qhov kev faib no tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm sab xis sternoclavicular, qhov twg clavicle thiab sternum sib ntsib ntawm koj sab xis.

Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic no loj npaum li cas?

Feem ntau cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic (lub cev) ntev li ntawm 4 txog 5 centimeters . Nws txoj kab uas hla, lossis dav, yog li ntawm 10.5 txog 13.7 millimeters . Nws me me, tab sis nws ua haujlwm ntau heev, puas yog?

Qhov no ua los ntawm dab tsi?

Ib yam li lwm cov hlab ntsha hauv peb lub cev, cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic muaj phab ntsa ua los ntawm peb txheej:

• Tunica intima `(Tunica intima / interna)`: Qhov no yog txheej sab hauv tshaj plaws. Nws muaj ib daim ntaub ua los ntawm ib hom cell hu ua `(Endothelial cells)`. Qhov no yog qhov uas pab kom cov ntshav ntws tau zoo yam tsis muaj kev thaiv.
• Tunica media: Qhov no yog txheej nruab nrab. Cov leeg nqaij du hauv txheej no pab cov hlab ntsha kom dav thiab nqaim raws li qhov xav tau, yog li tswj cov ntshav ntws.
• Tunica adventitia (Tunica adventitia / externa): Qhov no yog txheej sab nraud tshaj plaws. Nws muab lub zog thiab kev txhawb nqa rau cov hlab ntsha. Txheej no yog ua los ntawm collagen thiab lwm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas.

Puas muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev ntawm cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic?

Yog, muaj tseeb tiag. Vim tias cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic raug faib los ntawm qhov nkhaus ntawm aorta, ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv qhov aortic arch no kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic. Qhov kev hloov pauv feem ntau hauv aortic arch yog tus qauv uas tsuas yog ob ceg raug faib.

Feem ntau, peb txoj hlab ntsha tawg ncaj qha los ntawm koj lub aorta arch. Lawv yog:

• Cov hlab ntsha Brachiocephalic (lub cev).
• Cov hlab ntsha sab laug subclavian.
• Sab laug ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid.

Txawm li cas los xij, rau qee tus neeg, es tsis txhob muaj peb ceg no, tsuas yog ob ceg thiaj li tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm '(Aortic arch)'. Ob qho qauv zoo li no yog:

1. Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic thiab cov hlab ntsha carotid sab laug pib los ntawm tib qho chaw: Qhov no txhais tau tias ob lub hlab ntsha pib los ntawm tib lub cev, uas yog "Aortic arch". Cov hlab ntsha subclavian sab laug faib ua ib ceg thib ob sib cais, hu ua "Left subclavian artery".

2. Cov hlab ntsha carotid sab laug uas pib los ntawm cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic: Hauv qhov no, es tsis txhob pib ncaj qha los ntawm aortic arch, cov hlab ntsha carotid sab laug ceg tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic. Qhov kev faib no feem ntau tshwm sim li ib centimeter ntawm aortic arch. Cov hlab ntsha subclavian sab laug faib nyias.

Cov kev hloov no feem ntau tsis yog teeb meem loj, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov kws kho mob kom paub txog lawv.

Puas muaj ob qho tib si cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic sab xis thiab sab laug?

Feem ntau cov neeg tsuas muaj ib txoj hlab ntsha brachiocephalic xwb . Nws nyob rau sab xis ntawm lub hauv siab. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua muaj, nrog qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv '(Aortic arch)', tej zaum yuav muaj cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic rau ob sab xis thiab sab laug, lossis tej zaum tsuas muaj ib txoj hlab ntsha rau sab laug xwb. Cov no yog cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj.

Cov mob dab tsi uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic?

Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic kuj tseem tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qee yam mob. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog:

• Tracheo-innominate fistula (TIF): Qhov no yog ib qho mob txaus ntshai heev. TIF yog ib qho kev sib txuas tsis zoo ntawm koj lub raj cua (trachea) thiab cov hlab ntsha innominate (brachiocephalic). Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas yuav ua rau tuag taus ntawm tracheostomy, ib qho kev phais hauv caj dab kom txoj hlab pa qhib. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav hnyav, yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau phais sai sai. Yog tias koj tau muaj tracheostomy ntev lawm, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua CT scans los xyuas seb puas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim TIF.

• Kab mob Atherosclerosis:Tej zaum koj twb tau hnov ​​txog qhov no lawm. Atherosclerosis yog ib qho mob uas cov rog (hu ua plaque) sib sau ua ke hauv cov hlab ntsha, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim zuj zus. Qhov no txwv tsis pub cov ntshav ntws mus rau ntau qhov ntawm lub cev. Thaum cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub hlwb raug txo qis li no (kab mob cerebrovascular), feem ntau qhov ua rau yog cov rog hauv cov hlab ntsha carotid. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua muaj, cov rog kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic thiab ua rau nws nqaim. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev kho mob xws li kev tso stent yuav tsum tau ua kom cov ntshav ntws zoo dua.

• Aneurysm: Aneurysm yog qhov o ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha vim tsis muaj zog. Aneurysms hauv cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic tsis tshua muaj. Supra-aortic aneurysms tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsha saum toj ntawm aortic arch, suav txog li 3 ntawm 100 rooj plaub.

Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj li khaws kuv cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic kom noj qab nyob zoo?

Muaj ntau yam uas koj ua tau kom tsis yog koj cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic xwb, tab sis tag nrho lwm cov hlab ntsha hauv koj lub cev noj qab nyob zoo. Nov yog ob peb yam:

• Tsis txhob siv luam yeeb: Haus luam yeeb, vaping, thiab siv cov luam yeeb uas tsis muaj pa luam yeeb txhua yam poob rau hauv pawg no.
• Noj zaub mov zoo rau lub plawv uas tsis muaj roj ntau thiab sodium ntau: Kev tshawb fawb pom tias cov qauv noj mov zoo li kev noj zaub mov Mediterranean zoo rau lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha.
• Kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua: Sim ua kev tawm dag zog aerobic (uas ua rau koj ua pa sai dua) tsawg kawg 30 feeb hauv ib hnub, tsib hnub hauv ib lub lim tiam.
• Tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo thiab haum rau koj: Nug koj tus kws kho mob seb koj qhov hnyav zoo tagnrho yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas kom nws mus txog qhov ntawd.
• Txwv kev haus cawv: Tsis pub haus ntau tshaj ib khob ib hnub rau cov poj niam. Tsis pub haus ntau tshaj ob khob ib hnub rau cov txiv neej.
• Tswj kev ntxhov siab: Kawm txoj hauv kev tshiab los so.
• Siv cov tshuaj raws li koj tus kws kho mob tau hais: Qhov no suav nrog cov tshuaj rau cov roj cholesterol thiab ntshav siab.
• Sim pw tsaug zog txaus: Rau cov neeg laus, xya txog cuaj teev pw tsaug zog hauv ib hnub yog qhov zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
• Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua: Mus kuaj mob tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug. Tsis txhob ncua sijhawm mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob.

Kev kawm txog peb cov hlab ntsha, nrog rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev ntshav ncig, tej zaum yuav ua rau ntshai me ntsis, tab sis nws kuj tseem yuav nthuav heev. Tej zaum koj yuav kawm txog cov no vim yog mob lossis tsuas yog xav paub xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob yig nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov lus nug uas koj muaj. Kev kawm txog lub cev yog ib yam nyuaj heev, thiab tsis yog txhua tus neeg lub cev zoo ib yam. Yog li, thaum koj muab qhov koj nyeem nrog koj tus kws kho mob txoj kev paub, nws yooj yim dua kom tau txais daim duab tiav.

Tej yam uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm zaj dab neeg no (Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Mus Tsev)

Zoo, yog li ntawd, hais yooj yim xwb, Brachiocephalic Artery uas peb tau tham txog hnub no,

Qhov no yog ib txoj hlab ntsha tseem ceeb uas ceg tawm ntawm peb lub aorta. Txoj hlab ntsha no muab cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau sab xis saum toj ntawm peb lub cev, uas yog, sab caj npab xis, sab xis ntawm lub caj dab, sab xis ntawm lub taub hau, thiab sab xis ntawm lub hlwb.

Peb tau tham txog nws qhov chaw nyob, qhov loj me, thiab lwm yam. Peb kuj tau tham txog ntau yam mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau nws, thiab peb tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los ua kom cov hlab ntsha no noj qab nyob zoo.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv kom cov hlab ntsha no noj qab nyob zoo, ib yam li lwm qhov ntawm peb lub cev. Yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis kev tsis ntseeg txog qhov no, nrog kws kho mob tham. Qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua.

` Brachiocephalic Artery, Aorta, Cov Hlab Ntshav, Kev Ntshav Ncig, Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Lub Plawv