Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (Immunostaining) yog dab tsi? Cia peb tham txog qhov kev kuaj mob no kom yooj yim!

Puas tau muaj ib tug kws kho mob kom koj ua qhov kev kuaj mob hu ua "Immunostaining"? Los yog koj puas tau hnov ​​​​​​lo lus no nyob qhov twg? Tej zaum nws yuav zoo li nyuaj me ntsis rau koj. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov kev kuaj mob no hu ua Immunostaining, nws ua dab tsi, nws ua li cas, txhua yam hauv txoj kev yooj yim uas koj nkag siab. Ib yam li tham nrog ib tug phooj ywg.

Kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi tiag?

Hais yooj yim xwb, kev kuaj mob immunostaining yog ib qho kev kuaj tshwj xeeb uas peb cov kws kho mob siv. Nws yog siv los txheeb xyuas ib qho protein molecule tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau cov protein hauv cov qauv coj los ntawm koj lub cev, xws li ntshav, pob txha, lossis cov nqaij. Xav txog nws zoo li nrhiav ib tus neeg tshwj xeeb hauv pawg neeg coob coob. Txoj kev no pab tau zoo heev rau kev kuaj mob ntau yam kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev kis kab mob thiab mob qog noj ntshav.

Qhov kev xeem no ua haujlwm li cas?

Zoo, tam sim no cia peb saib seb qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob no ua haujlwm li cas. Nws siv ib yam dab tsi hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob . Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no zoo li cov tub rog hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv paub thiab txuas rau cov khoom uas ua rau muaj kab mob, hu ua cov antigens . Yog li, hauv qhov kev xeem no, cov kws kho mob siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tshwj xeeb rau cov protein ntawd (hu ua antigen) uas lawv tab tom nrhiav.

Tom qab ntawd los txog ntu "staining". Zoo li hais txog ib kab lus tseem ceeb hauv ib phau ntawv. Tab sis nws tsis yooj yim li pleev xim rau lub tsho T-shirt. Cov txheej txheem "staining" no siv cov xim tshwj xeeb, cov enzymes hloov xim, cov fluorescent molecules, thiab txawm tias cov khoom kub. Cov no sau cov protein thiab cov cell uas lawv tab tom nrhiav, yog li cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem pom lawv meej meej hauv qab lub tshuab microscope.

Ua ntej ua qhov kev kuaj mob no, tus kws kho mob yuav coj koj cov ntshav, pob txha, lossis cov nqaij mus kuaj. Tom qab ntawd yuav xa mus rau tus kws kho mob kom kuaj. Nco ntsoov tias, txawm tias cov qauv ntawd raug coj mus rau tsev kho mob lossis hauv chaw ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob, qhov kev kuaj mob no yeej ib txwm ua hauv chav kuaj mob, lossis qhov peb hu ua chav kuaj mob.

Cov hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau txoj kev siv tshuaj pleev xim rau lub cev uas cov kws kho mob siv. Txhua txoj kev muaj ib txoj kev kuaj mob tshwj xeeb, lossis cov txheej txheem, cuam tshuam nrog nws. Nov yog qee txoj kev tseem ceeb uas siv:

• Kev kuaj mob immunohistochemistry
• Kev ntsuas cov kua dej ntws
• Kev siv tshuab kuaj mob immuno-electron (EM immunolabeling)

Peb puas yuav tsum saib txhua yam no kom meej me ntsis?

Immunohistochemistry - txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws

Qhov no yog txoj kev siv tshuaj immunostaining uas siv ntau tshaj plaws . Hauv immunohistochemistry, ib daim me me ntawm cov qauv raug muab tso rau ntawm daim iav, thiab cov tshuaj antibody uas khi rau lub hom phiaj raug ntxiv rau nws. Tom qab ntawd nws raug pleev xim nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb lossis cov enzymes. Cov no hu ua immunostains. Qhov no tso cai rau tus kws kho mob pom qee cov protein thiab cov cell kom meej meej hauv qab lub tshuab microscope.

Saib seb cov txiaj ntsig ntawm immunohistochemistry yog dab tsi:

• Pab txheeb xyuas ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav.
• Nws pab txheeb xyuas ntau yam mob neurological thiab cov kab mob ntshav.
• Qhov no kuj tso cai rau cov kws kho mob kawm txog cov teebmeem, lossis kev qhia tawm, ntawm qee cov noob caj noob ces.

Flow cytometry - zoo li lub tshuab uas suav thiab cais cov cell

Hauv ib txoj kev hu ua flow cytometry, tus kws kho tshuab siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob nrog cov ntawv lo xim los cim cov protein uas lawv tab tom nrhiav. Tom qab ntawd, siv lub teeb laser tshwj xeeb los suav, cais, thiab cais koj cov cell ib qho zuj zus. Nws zoo li luam theej cov khoom noj khoom haus ntawm lub khw muag khoom loj.

Cov kws kho mob siv cov flow cytometry los kuaj mob xws li:

• Cov kab mob sib kis
• Cov kab mob autoimmune
• Kab mob ntshav dawb (leukemia)
• Lymphoma

Kev siv tshuab kuaj mob immuno-electron (EM immunolabeling)

Kev siv lub tshuab kuaj mob immuno-electron tso cai rau tus kws kho mob kom pom koj cov qauv ntawm qhov loj dua thiab ntxaws ntxaws dua. Hauv qhov no, cov kws kho mob txuas cov khoom me me kub hu ua cov khoom kub colloidal rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov kub colloidal no yooj yim pom hauv qab lub tshuab kuaj mob electron. Yog li, thaum cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawd mus thiab ntes cov antigen, cov khoom kub ua rau nws pom tseeb ua cov pob dub.

Ntxiv rau kev kuaj pom ntau yam kab mob thiab kab mob sib kis, immuno-electron microscopy tuaj yeem ua tauTxawm tias nrhiav tau cov kab mob viral antigens hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Kuv yuav tsum npaj li cas rau qhov kev xeem no?

Feem ntau, koj tsis tas yuav npaj rau kev kuaj mob immunostaining. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab cov lus qhia rau koj ua ntej coj koj cov ntshav, cov nqaij, lossis cov pob txha qauv. Qhov no yuav pab koj paub meej tias yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mloog zoo rau qhov koj tus kws kho mob hais.

Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los ua qhov kev xeem? Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los ua kom cov txiaj ntsig rov qab los?

Qhov no yeej nyob ntawm seb koj tus kws kho mob siv txoj kev siv tshuaj pleev xim rau cov kab mob uas koj ua. Qee txoj kev tsuas siv sijhawm ob peb teev xwb , thaum lwm txoj kev siv sijhawm txog li 10 hnub . Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia tau rau koj tias nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas raws li koj qhov xwm txheej.

Lub sijhawm uas siv los kom cov txiaj ntsig rov qab los kuj zoo sib xws. Qee txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig rau koj tsuas yog ib hnub xwb. Lwm txoj kev tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ib lub lim tiam lossis ntev dua. Thaum koj muab cov qauv, koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia rau koj paub thaum twg koj tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav tau txais cov txiaj ntsig.

Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom ua siab ntev thiab tsis txhob ntshai. Tham nrog kws kho mob thiab piav qhia txhua yam.

Cov txiaj ntsig qhia li cas? Yuav ua li cas yog tias lawv txawv txav?

Tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas koj cov txiaj ntsig kuaj thiab xa mus rau koj tus kws kho mob. Cov txiaj ntsig koj tau txais yuav txawv nyob ntawm hom kev kuaj uas tus kws kho mob tau ua. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia koj cov txiaj ntsig kuaj kom meej thiab lawv txhais li cas rau koj qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.

Nco ntsoov, yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob tsis zoo li qub , uas txhais tau tias tus kws kho mob pom cov cim qhia txog tus kab mob, tsis txhob ntshai. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia cov txiaj ntsig rau koj thiab tham txog koj cov kev xaiv kho mob nrog koj. Qee zaum, ib pab kws kho mob yuav ua haujlwm ua ke los tsim txoj kev npaj kho mob zoo tshaj plaws.

Thaum kawg, tej yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Zoo, yog li ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog, kuv vam tias koj muaj lub tswv yim zoo txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nov yog qee yam tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov:

• Kev kuaj mob immunostaining yog kev kuaj hauv chaw kuaj mob uas siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob los nrhiav thiab sau cov npe tshwj xeeb ntawm cov antigens hauv peb cov hlwb.
• Qhov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem pab kuaj mob ntau yam mob, suav nrog cov kab mob viral thiab bacterial, nrog rau qee hom mob qog noj ntshav.
• Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau kuaj mob immunostaining, tsis muaj laj thawj yuav tsum ntshai.Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia rau koj kom meej.
• Thaum cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj tau los lawm, tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm koj tus mob thiab seb puas xav tau kev kho mob.

Nco ntsoov tias, kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob yeej hloov zuj zus tas li. Yog los ntawm kev kuaj mob zoo li no peb thiaj li nrhiav tau ntau yam kab mob thaum ntxov thiab kho tau zoo. Yog li ntawd, yog tias tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom kuaj mob li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum npaj rau qhov ntawd.

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