Koj tus kws kho mob puas tau sau tshuaj rau koj kom tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws? Ib txhia neeg hu qhov no ua 'ntshav thinner'. Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas yuav ntshai thiab ntxhov siab me ntsis thaum koj hnov txog cov tshuaj no. Cov lus nug zoo li "Puas yog ntshav yuav tsum nres yog tias kuv txiav kuv txhais caj npab lossis ceg?" tej zaum yuav los rau hauv koj lub siab. Tab sis cov tshuaj no yog ib yam dab tsi uas tuaj yeem cawm koj txoj sia. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias no, lossis 'Anticoagulants', hauv txoj kev yooj yim uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.
Hauv lus yooj yim, cov tshuaj anticoagulants no yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntshav txhaws yog ib hom tshuaj uas txo qhov peev xwm ntawm koj cov ntshav kom tsis txhob txhaws. Lawv pab koj lub cev yaj cov ntshav txhaws uas twb muaj lawm, lossis lawv tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws tshiab kom tsis txhob tsim. Cov no tsis yog cov tshuaj xwb.
- Cov tshuaj noj
- Ua ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj (Kev txhaj tshuaj)
- Ua kua dej uas muab rau hauv cov leeg ntshav (Intravenous - IV)
Cov tshuaj no muaj ntau hom, xws li: Cov tshuaj no feem ntau siv los tiv thaiv thiab kho cov mob hnyav, uas ua rau tuag taus xws li mob hlwb, mob plawv nres, thiab mob ntsws embolism.
Vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau hom tshuaj no?
Xav txog koj muaj ib qho me me ntawm koj txhais caj npab lossis ceg. Tom qab ib pliag, cov ntshav tsis ntws lawm. Qhov ntawd tshwm sim li cas? Nws yog vim cov ntshav txhaws. Qhov no yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv zoo kawg nkaus hauv peb lub cev. Cov txheej txheem no tiv thaiv cov ntshav ntau dhau ntawm qhov txhab thiab qhov txhab pib kho.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem pib thaum cov ntshav txhaws no tsim tsis tsim nyog, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tsis tsim nyog, uas yog, sab hauv cov hlab ntsha. Yuav ua li cas yog tias cov ntshav txhaws uas tsim los ntawm txoj kev no mus nrog cov ntshav thiab daig rau hauv cov hlab ntsha nyias nyias hauv lub hlwb, lub plawv, lossis lub ntsws? Tom qab ntawd cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub cev uas cov hlab ntsha ntawd muab tso rau ntawd nres, thiab lub cev ntawd pib ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab puas tsuaj. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws.
Cov no yog qee qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog cov ntshav txhaws hauv txoj kev no.
| Qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai | Qhov tshwm sim tsuas yog |
|---|---|
| Mob stroke | Cov ntshav txhaws mus rau lub hlwb thiab thaiv ib txoj hlab ntsha me me ntawd. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlwb tuag. |
| Kev Mob Ntsws Plawv (PE) | Cov ntshav txhaws txhaws cov hlab ntsha loj uas mus rau lub ntsws. Qhov no yog ib qho mob hnyav heev, uas tej zaum yuav ua rau tuag taus. |
| Mob plawv nres | Cov ntshav txhaws txhaws cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv uas xa cov ntshav mus rau lub plawv. Qhov no kuj ua rau cov leeg nqaij plawv puas tsuaj. |
Cov tshuaj no yog sau rau leej twg ntau tshaj?
Cov kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj 'Anticoagulants' no rau cov neeg uas muaj feem yuav mob hnyav raws li tau hais los saum toj no. Nov yog qee yam mob uas ua rau lawv muaj feem yuav mob hnyav:
- Atrial Fibrillation: Qhov no yog thaum ob lub plawv sab saud (atria) tsis sib zog zoo, tab sis nws dhia tsis xwm yeem, zoo li lawv tshee hnyo. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, cov ntshav tsis nqus zoo, thiab muaj feem ntau dua uas cov ntshav txhaws yuav tsim hauv cov chav ntawd. Yog tias cov ntshav txhaws no tawg tawm ntawm lub plawv thiab mus rau lub hlwb, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau mob stroke.
- Kev Phais Lub Plawv Lub Cev: Thaum cov plawv lub cev raug hloov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog lub cev lub cev, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Cov tshuaj no yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv qhov no.
- Hloov Lub Duav Los Yog Lub Pob Qij Txha: Tom qab kev phais loj zoo li no, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov leeg ntshav tob ntawm ob txhais ceg. Peb hu qhov mob no tias 'Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT).' Pulmonary Embolism tshwm sim thaum cov ntshav txhaws uas tsim nyob rau hauv ob txhais ceg tawg thiab nyob hauv cov ntsws.
- Kev Mob Ntshav Txhaws: Ib txhia neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm noob caj ces kom ntshav txhaws. Cov neeg zoo li no kuj xav tau cov tshuaj no.
Cov hom tshuaj anticoagulants thiab lawv ua haujlwm li cas
Muaj ntau hom tshuaj anticoagulants. Txhua hom cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ntshav txhaws hauv ntau txoj kev sib txawv. Cia peb saib cov hom tseem ceeb.
Cov Tshuaj Noj
1. Warfarin
Qhov no yog ib yam tshuaj uas siv tau ntev los lawm thiab ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thaiv lub cev txoj kev siv vitamin K, ib yam vitamin uas tseem ceeb rau kev ntshav txhaws.
Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws nrog warfarin yog tias nws cov koob tshuaj sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg thiab yuav tsum tau tswj kom meej.Yog tias noj tshuaj ntau dua me ntsis, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev los ntshav yuav nce ntxiv, thiab yog tias nws txo qis, cov ntshav txhaws yuav tsis raug tiv thaiv kom zoo. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg uas noj 'Warfarin' yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav tas li ('INR test') kom paub tseeb tias cov tshuaj noj raug.
2. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub no (Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav khov ncaj qha - DOACs)
Cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj tshiab. Cov tshuaj xws li `Dabigatran`, `Rivaroxaban`, `Apixaban` yog cov tshuaj uas koom nrog pawg no. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog tias lawv tsis tas yuav kuaj ntshav ntau zaus xws li `Warfarin`. Lawv tsom mus rau cov enzymes tshwj xeeb uas koom nrog cov txheej txheem ntshav txhaws (piv txwv li `Thrombin` lossis `Factor Xa`) thiab nres lawv cov haujlwm.
Cov Tshuaj Txhaj thiab IV
Heparin thiab cov tshuaj cuam tshuam
Feem ntau cov no siv rau hauv tsev kho mob thaum xav tau cov txiaj ntsig sai. 'Heparin' ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua kom muaj cov protein ntuj ('Antithrombin') hauv peb lub cev uas tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws, thiab nres cov txheej txheem ntshav txhaws. 'Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (LMWH)' yog ib qho version siab dua ntawm qhov no, yooj yim dua rau kev siv, thiab qee zaum txawm siv hauv tsev.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab kev pheej hmoo yog dab tsi?
Qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb thiab xav tias yuav muaj ntawm cov tshuaj anticoagulant yog los ntshav . Qhov no yog vim cov tshuaj no tswj cov ntshav txhaws. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias qhov raug mob me me tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav ntau dua li qub.
Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov tshuaj yuav muaj lwm cov kev mob tshwm sim uas yog tshwj xeeb rau lawv.
| Hom tshuaj | Cov kev mob tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Warfarin |
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| Heparin |
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| DOACs (cov tshuaj niaj hnub) |
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Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob? - Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas koj yuav tsum paub!
Ua ib tug neeg noj cov tshuaj no, koj yuav tsum ceev faj heev. Vim tias koj yuav tsis pom muaj kev los ntshav sab hauv. Yog li ntawd, ceev faj txog cov hauv qab no.
| Cov xwm txheej ceev thiab cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau nrhiav kev qhia kho mob | |
|---|---|
| Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham. | |
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| Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd! | |
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Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhia rau txhua tus kws kho mob thiab kws kho hniav uas kho koj tias koj tab tom noj tshuaj anticoagulant. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum qhia qhov no txawm tias ua ntej rho hniav tawm.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov tshuaj Anticoagulants yog ib hom tshuaj cawm txoj sia uas tiv thaiv koj ntawm cov mob hnyav xws li mob stroke thiab mob plawv nres. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai cov tshuaj no.
- Nco ntsoov noj cov tshuaj raws li tau teem tseg, raws li lub sijhawm tau teem tseg, raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia rau koj. Tsis txhob hla ib hnub twg.
- Vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev los ntshav thaum noj cov tshuaj no, ceev faj li sai tau txog cov dej num uas yuav ua rau ntog thiab raug mob, thiab txog kev ua si txaus ntshai.
- Yog tias muaj kev los ntshav, mob nqaij, lossis raug mob taub hau txawv txawv, nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd yam tsis muaj kev ncua .
- Ua ntej koj pib noj lwm yam tshuaj (xws li tshuaj tua kab mob), qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tias koj tab tom noj tshuaj anticoagulants, vim qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov no.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus