Lub hlab ntsha loj tshaj plaws uas nqa ntshav thoob plaws peb lub cev yog lub aorta, lossis aorta. Xav txog nws zoo li cov kav dej tseem ceeb uas coj dej mus rau peb lub tsev. Yuav ua li cas yog tias ib phab ntsa ntawm cov kav dej no qaug zog hauv ib qho chaw thiab pib bulge nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm dej? Qhov ntawd yog qhov Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm yog. Qhov tshwm sim hauv qhov no yog tias phab ntsa ntawm ib ntu ntawm lub aorta uas khiav los ntawm peb lub hauv siab qaug zog thiab bulges zoo li lub npas nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm cov ntshav. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog qhov mob no, uas feem ntau tshwm sim yam tsis muaj tsos mob, hauv lub cev.
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm yog dab tsi tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yog qhov o lossis bulge (aneurysm) hauv aorta, cov hlab ntsha loj uas khiav hla peb lub hauv siab (thorax). Lub aorta no zoo li ib lub raj. Tab sis thaum ib qho aneurysm tsim, cov duab ntawm lub raj ntawd hloov pauv, thiab ib qho chaw bulge tawm zoo li lub npas. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob hu qhov mob no ua aneurysm thaum qhov ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawd dav dua li nws qhov dav ib txwm muaj tsawg kawg 50%.
Hom aneurysm no tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau txhua qhov chaw hauv peb lub aorta. Tab sis feem ntau nws tshwm sim hauv plab. Peb hu nws ua Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Tab sis kwv yees li ib ntawm plaub aneurysms uas tsim tshwm sim hauv lub hauv siab. Peb hu nws ua Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm.
Yog tias koj muaj ib lub aneurysm me me zoo li no, nws yuav tsis tas yuav kho ntau. Thaum koj noj tshuaj los tswj cov khoom xws li ntshav siab, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas koj tsis tu ncua kom pom tias nws puas loj zuj zus. Tab sis yog tias lub aneurysm loj, lossis loj hlob sai, kev phais yuav tsum tau ua ntej muaj teeb meem loj, uas yuav ua rau tuag taus.
Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv suav, tus mob no cuam tshuam rau ntawm 6 thiab 10 tus neeg ntawm txhua 100,000. Txawm li cas los xij, tus lej tiag tiag yuav siab dua. Qhov no yog vim tias ntau tus neeg tsis qhia cov tsos mob thiab nyob yam tsis paub tias lawv muaj tus mob no. Kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov neeg mob uas kuaj pom muaj cov tswv cuab hauv tsev neeg uas kuj muaj tus mob no, txhais tau tias nws yuav yog los ntawm noob caj noob ces.
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?
Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm tus mob no yog tias feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, thaum lub aneurysm loj hlob thiab nias rau ntawm cov kabmob ib puag ncig, qee cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim.
| Cov tsos mob | Vim li cas |
|---|---|
| Mob hauv lub puab tsaig, caj dab, hauv siab, lossis nraub qaum sab saud. | Vim yog lub zog ntawm lub aneurysm. |
| Nyuaj nqos los yog mob thaum nqos. | Ib qho aneurysm yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev o ntawm lub caj pas. |
| Lub suab nrov dhau. | Vim yog qhov kev nias ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas tswj lub suab. |
| Hnoos los yog ua pa nyuaj. | Aneurysm yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nias ntawm lub trachea. |
Cov tsos mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev uas tshwm sim yog tias aneurysm tawg (ruptures) lossis dissection (dissection)
Qhov no yog theem txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm tus kab mob. Phab ntsa ntawm lub aneurysm tuaj yeem qaug zog thiab tam sim ntawd tawg (rupture) lossis rhuav tshem ob txheej ntawm phab ntsa (dissection). Qhov no yog ib qho mob sai heev, txaus ntshai rau lub neej. Cov tsos mob no feem ntau tshwm sim sai sai thiab hnyav heev.
Yog koj lossis lwm tus neeg muaj cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob ncua ib pliag li. Mus rau chav kho mob ceev hauv tsev kho mob (ETU) tam sim ntawd. Txhua ob feeb suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev cawm ib tug neeg txoj sia.
| Cov tsos mob uas xav tau kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev | |
|---|---|
| Mob hnyav heev | Mob tam sim ntawd, tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, mob choking, mob choking hauv siab lossis nraub qaum. |
| kiv taub hau | Kiv taub hau, pom kev tsis meej, lossis tsaus muag. |
| Ua pa nyuaj | Kev xav tias ua tsis taus pa sai sai. |
| Lub plawv dhia ceev | Zoo li koj lub plawv dhia ceev. |
| Tawm hws ntau dhau | Hws ntau dhau tsis muaj laj thawj. |
| Lwm yam nta | Tsis meej pem, hais lus tsis tau zoo, tsis pom kev zoo, tsis hnov lus lossis tsis muaj zog ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev. |
Vim li cas ho muaj tej yam zoo li no tshwm sim?
Cov phab ntsa ntawm peb cov hlab ntsha feem ntau muaj zog thiab yoog tau. Lawv yuav tsum muaj peev xwm cog thiab ncab tau raws li lub zog ntawm cov ntshav uas los nrog txhua lub plawv dhia. Tab sis yog tias cov phab ntsa no tsis muaj zog, lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau lub zog thiab pib o.
Qhov ua rau qhov no yog ib yam mob hu ua Atherosclerosis . Hais yooj yim xwb, cov rog xws li cov roj cholesterol tau tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (peb hu ua cov plaque no), maj mam ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha tuab thiab qaug zog. Ib yam li xeb tsim nyob rau hauv cov kav dej qub. Qhov no ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha qaug zog thiab ua rau muaj feem yuav mob aneurysm.
Cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv yog dab tsi?
Ntxiv rau atherosclerosis, txhua yam uas ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm aorta tsis muaj zog ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim aneurysm.
| Qhov ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Ntshav siab | Nws pheej muab kev nyuaj siab ntxiv rau ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha. |
| Kev haus luam yeeb thiab kev siv yeeb nkab | Nws ncaj qha ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj thiab ua rau cov kab mob atherosclerosis sai dua. |
| Keeb kwm tsev neeg | Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg tau muaj aneurysm, koj kuj muaj feem yuav muaj mob ntau dua. |
| Kev laus zuj zus | Feem ntau, cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos muaj feem yuav mob hnyav dua. |
| Qee yam mob caj ces | Cov mob xws li Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, thiab Turner syndrome ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv vim tias lawv ua rau cov nqaij sib txuas ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog. |
| Lwm yam mob nkeeg | Cov mob xws li aortitis (mob ntawm lub aorta), bicuspid aortic valve disease (mob plawv), thiab coronary artery disease (CAD). |
Cov kws kho mob nrhiav tau qhov no li cas?
Feem ntau, qhov no raug tshawb pom los ntawm kev ua yuam kev. Peb hu nws ua "kev kuaj mob tsis tau npaj tseg." Yog li ntawd, thaum ua duab X-ray hauv siab rau qee qhov laj thawj, tus kws kho mob yuav pom tias nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv siab (mediastinum) dav dua li qub. Thaum ntawd yog thaum xav tias muaj aneurysm.
Yog tias muaj qhov kev xav tsis zoo li no, tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom kuaj xws li cov no los lees paub qhov tseeb:
- Kev thaij duab computed tomography (CT) angiogram: Qhov no tuaj yeem tsim cov duab peb-seem ntawm lub aorta kom meej heev.
- Echocardiogram (echo): Kev ntsuas ultrasound los saib seb lub plawv ua haujlwm li cas thiab thawj feem ntawm cov hlab ntsha aorta.
- Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA): Ib qho kev kuaj mob zoo ib yam li CT scan, tab sis tsis siv hluav taws xob.
- Kev kuaj ultrasound hauv plab: Cov neeg uas muaj aneurysm hauv lub hauv siab kuj tseem yuav muaj aneurysm hauv plab, yog li xyuas qhov ntawd thiab.
Muaj kev kho mob dab tsi?
Tib txoj kev kho mob rau qhov mob thoracic aortic aneurysm yog phais. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum twg thiab hom kev phais twg yuav ua nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub aneurysm, nws qhov chaw, nws loj sai npaum li cas, thiab koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
Thaum twg yuav tsum tau phais?
Yog tias qhov aneurysm me me, tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab tos yam tsis tas phais. Peb hu qhov no ua "kev tos ceev faj." Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv yuav tshuaj xyuas qhov aneurysm txhua 6 txog 12 lub hlis kom pom tias nws puas loj zuj zus, thiab lawv yuav muab tshuaj rau koj kom tswj koj cov ntshav siab.
Tiam sis,
- Yog tias qhov aneurysm yog 2 nti (kwv yees li 5.5 centimeters) lossis loj dua,
- Yog tias qhov aneurysm loj hlob sai dua 0.5 cm hauv ib xyoos ,
- Yog tias aneurysm ua rau muaj cov tsos mob ,
Feem ntau pom zoo kom phais vim tias qhov aneurysm loj dua, qhov muaj feem yuav tawg ntau dua.
Cov hom kev phais tseem ceeb
Muaj ntau hom kev phais mob tseem ceeb uas siv tam sim no.
1. Kev phais qhib ib txwm muaj: Yuav muab ib qho kev phais rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv siab, qhov chaw tsis muaj zog ntawm cov hlab ntsha aorta uas muaj aneurysm raug tshem tawm, thiab muab ib qho graft cog rau hauv nws qhov chaw.
2. Kho cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov ntswg (TEVAR): Qhov no yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas tsis tas phais ntau. Yuav muaj ib qho kev phais me me rau hauv qhov chaw mos, thiab yuav muaj ib lub stent graft uas muab tso rau hauv qhov kev phais ntawd siv ib lub catheter rau ntawm qhov aneurysm thiab muab khi los ntawm sab hauv.
3. Hloov cov hauv paus ntawm lub plawv (Aorta): Qhov kev phais no yog ua yog tias lub aneurysm nyob ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm lub plawv (aorta), uas txuas rau lub plawv. Tej zaum yuav tsum tau hloov lub plawv valve.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb txoj kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
Qhov no puas tiv thaiv tsis tau kom tsis txhob tshwm sim?
Tsis muaj ib txoj kev twg uas yuav tiv thaiv tau 100% qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlab ntsha aneurysm. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj tus kab mob tseem ceeb, uas yog atherosclerosis, yuav pab txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo no.
- Tswj koj cov ntshav siab thiab cov roj cholesterol los ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob sau ntawv.
- Txais yuav tus qauv noj zaub mov zoo rau lub plawv, xws li Mediterranean Diet.
- Tso tseg kev haus luam yeeb thiab txhua yam khoom luam yeeb kiag li.
- Ua si nawv. Ua si nawv kom nruab nrab, xws li taug kev, tsawg kawg yog 150 feeb hauv ib lub lim tiam. Tab sis nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej pib ua ib qho kev tawm dag zog tshiab.
- Mus kuaj mob txhua xyoo.
Yog koj muaj tus mob no, koj yuav saib xyuas koj tus kheej li cas?
Yog koj tus kws kho mob hais rau koj tias koj muaj lub thoracic aortic aneurysm, tsis txhob ntshai. Nws yuav muab lus qhia rau koj txog kev saib xyuas koj tus kheej thaum koj nyob nrog nws.
- Tsis txhob ua tej yam xws li tsa hnyav thiab kev cob qhia ua ntu zus (HIIT). Tej no yuav ua rau lub plawv dhia tsis taus. Nug koj tus kws kho mob seb kev tawm dag zog twg zoo rau koj.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li.
- Txo cov ntsev hauv cov khoom noj.
- Noj cov tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg kom raug thiab raws sijhawm.
- Tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub plawv dhia ceev (cocaine, amphetamines) thiab qee cov tshuaj ntsuab.
- Sib cuag nrog koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob tshiab lossis muaj kev phiv los ntawm koj cov tshuaj, qhia rau lawv paub tam sim ntawd.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Thoracic aortic aneurysm yog ib qho balloon zoo li lub balloon hauv cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb hauv lub hauv siab.
- Feem ntau, nws tsis muaj tsos mob, yog li ntawd yog tias koj muaj cov yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo (ntshav siab, haus luam yeeb, keeb kwm tsev neeg), yuav tsum paub txog nws.
- Mob hauv siab lossis mob nraub qaum tam sim ntawd, ua pa nyuaj, lossis tsaus muag yog qhov xwm txheej ceev heev. Mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Yog tias qhov aneurysm me me, nws tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua. Yog tias nws loj, nws tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev phais.
- Txawm tias muaj tus mob no los xij, yog koj kho mob zoo thiab hloov koj lub neej kom zoo, koj yuav muaj sia nyob ntev thiab noj qab nyob zoo. Ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia tas li.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus