"Kab mob ntshav qab zib" yog ib yam kab mob uas ntau tus neeg muaj hauv peb lub teb chaws, thiab yog ib yam uas ntau tus neeg muaj. Tej zaum ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg, ib tug phooj ywg, lossis koj tus kheej kuj raug tus mob no. Tiam sis ntau tus neeg tsis paub txog qhov no. Ib txhia tsis paub tias lawv puas muaj kab mob ntshav qab zib. Yog li hnub no peb yuav tham txog tus kab mob no, lossis hu ua "(Diabetes Mellitus)," hauv ib txoj kev yooj yim uas koj nkag siab tau.
Kab mob ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, ntshav qab zib yog ib qho teeb meem uas tshwm sim thaum peb lub cev tsim ib hom tshuaj hormone hu ua 'Insulin' lossis thaum nws siv cov insulin uas nws tsim tawm. Xav txog nws li no: cov cell hauv peb lub cev zoo li cov tsev me me. Cov tsev no xav tau lub zog, lossis "roj", kom ua haujlwm. Cov roj no yog "Glucose" lossis qab zib, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom noj uas peb noj. Tab sis yuav kom cov glucose no nkag mus rau hauv cov tsev hu ua cell, nws xav tau tus yuam sij hu ua "insulin".
Tus yuam sij insulin no yog tsim los ntawm ib lub cev hu ua "Pancreas" hauv peb lub plab. Kab mob ntshav qab zib tshwm sim vim ib lossis ntau qhov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- Koj lub qog pancreas tsis tsim cov insulin li .
- Lub pancreas tsim cov insulin me me heev .
- Lub cev tsis teb rau insulin zoo. Peb hu qhov no tias "Kev Tiv Thaiv Insulin." Zoo li muaj tus yuam sij tab sis lub xauv tawg rau ntawm lub qhov rooj.
Vim li no, cov piam thaj tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb thiab hloov chaw sib sau ua ke hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no yog thaum cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce siab, ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib.
Kab mob ntshav qab zib yog ib yam mob uas yuav kho tau mus ib txhis. Tiam sis tsis txhob txhawj, nws yeej ua tau kom tswj tau nws zoo thiab ua neej noj qab nyob zoo.
Cov hom mob ntshav qab zib tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau hom kab mob ntshav qab zib tseem ceeb. Cia peb nkag siab lawv kom meej.
| Hom mob ntshav qab zib | Hais yooj yim xwb... | Leej twg feem ntau raug kev txom nyem? |
|---|---|---|
| Kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 | Lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau cov qe ntshav tsim insulin hauv lub txiav ua kab mob puas tsuaj. Yog li ntawd, lub cev poob tag nrho cov insulin. Lawv qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm insulin yog cov tshuaj txhaj sab nraud. | Txawm hais tias feem ntau kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob no thaum yau lossis thaum laus (hnub nyoog qis dua 20 xyoo), nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua lub hnub nyoog. |
| Kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 | Lub cev tsim cov insulin, tab sis qhov ntau tsis txaus. Los yog lub cev cov cell tsis teb rau cov insulin ntawd (Kev Tiv Thaiv Insulin). Qhov no yog hom uas pom ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. | Feem ntau nws tshwm sim rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo thiab cov uas rog dhau. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog rog dhau, tam sim no nws tshwm sim rau cov neeg hluas, txawm tias cov menyuam yaus. |
| Prediabetes | Cov ntshav qab zib siab dua li qub, tab sis tsis siab txaus kom hu ua ntshav qab zib. Qhov no zoo li ceeb toom. | Txhua tus neeg uas muaj feem yuav mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yeej muaj feem yuav mob. Kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej yuav pab tiv thaiv kev mob ntshav qab zib. |
| Kab mob ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub | Ib qho mob ntshav qab zib ib ntus uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thaum cev xeeb tub. | Nws tshwm sim rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Qhov mob no feem ntau ploj mus tom qab tus menyuam yug los. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yuav nce ntxiv tom qab. |
Lwm hom tsiaj tsis tshua muaj
Ntxiv rau cov hom kab mob tseem ceeb no, muaj cov hom kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj xws li "Monogenic diabetes", uas yog los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces. Kab mob ntshav qab zib kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qee cov tshuaj lossis lwm yam mob.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi? Koj paub nws li cas?
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntshav qab zib yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob li cas. Qee zaum, tus kab mob ntshav qab zib yuav tshwm sim yam tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi.
| Cov tsos mob | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 (tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai) | |
| Xav tias nqhis dej heev | Qhov kev xav tias tsis nqhis dej txawm koj haus dej ntau npaum li cas los xij. |
| Tso zis ntau zaus | Yuav tsum tau tso zis ntau zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hmo ntuj. |
| Poob phaus yam tsis muaj laj thawj | Txawm tias noj mov zoo los kuj tseem nyias nyias. |
| Kev qaug zog thiab kev qaug zog ntau dhau | Xav tias nkees heev txawm tias tsis tau ua dab tsi los xij. |
| Pom kev tsis meej | Qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv kev pom kev, zoo li tsis meej pem. |
| Cov tsos mob ntxiv ntawm tus kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 (feem ntau tshwm sim qeeb qeeb) | |
| Kev kho qhov txhab qeeb | Txawm tias qhov txhab me me los yeej yuav tsum siv sijhawm kho. |
| Khaus tawv nqaij | Khaus khaus ntau zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub cev. |
| Cov kab mob poov xab | Cov kab mob poov xab ntau zaus. |
| Kev tsis muaj zog hauv cov ceg | Mob tingling lossis kub hnyiab hauv tes thiab taw. |
Kab mob ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob, yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kuaj mob ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tseeb tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib?
Yog koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no, lossis yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj mob ntshav qab zib, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab mus kuaj mob. Muaj ntau txoj kev kuaj ntshav tseem ceeb los kuaj mob ntshav qab zib.
- Kev Ntsuas Ntshav Qab Zib Thaum Noj Mov (FBS): Kev ntsuas ntshav ua tom qab noj mov li 8-10 teev (tsis noj lossis haus lwm yam dab tsi tsuas yog dej xwb).
- Kev Ntsuas A1c (HbA1c): Qhov no muab lub tswv yim ntawm koj cov ntshav qab zib nruab nrab hauv 2-3 lub hlis dhau los.
- Kev Ntsuas Ntshav Qab Zib Random (RBS): Kev ntsuas uas ua tau txhua lub sijhawm ntawm ib hnub.
- Kev Ntsuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Qab Zib (OGTT): Yuav muab cov ntshav kuaj tom qab yoo mov, tom qab ntawd haus dej qab zib, thiab yuav muab ntshav kuaj dua tom qab ib thiab ob teev los xyuas seb qab zib npaum li cas.
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev kuaj no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb koj puas muaj ntshav qab zib lossis prediabetes.
Kev kho mob thiab kev tswj hwm tus kab mob ntshav qab zib
Tseem tsis tau muaj tshuaj kho tus kab mob ntshav qab zib. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev kho mob zoo thiab kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej , nws tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo heev thiab koj tuaj yeem ua neej noj qab haus huv yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob yog:
- Tswj cov ntshav qab zib kom nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm lub hom phiaj.
- Tswj cov ntshav siab thiab cov roj cholesterol.
- Tiv thaiv lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv (qhov muag, raum, hlab ntsha) uas yuav tshwm sim vim muaj ntshav qab zib.
Cov kev kho mob sib txawv nyob ntawm seb koj muaj hom ntshav qab zib li cas.
1. Cov Tshuaj
- Insulin: Txhua tus neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab qee tus neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2 yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj insulin.
- Cov Tshuaj Noj: Rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2, cov kws kho mob sau ntawv kom noj cov tshuaj xws li metformin. Cov no pab lub cev siv insulin zoo dua lossis tsim insulin ntau dua.
2. Kev Noj Haus Zoo
Kev noj haus yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib. Cov dej qab zib thiab cov dej qab zib, nrog rau cov khoom noj uas muaj hmoov txhuv nplej siab (mov ci, mov) tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce sai.
- Cov khoom noj zoo:Zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo (nug koj tus kws kho mob), taum pauv, cov nplej tag nrho, nqaij ntshiv, thiab ntses.
- Tej yam yuav tsum txo: Qab zib, dej qab zib, cov khoom noj uas muaj roj thiab rog ntau, ntsev, cov khoom noj uas tau ua tiav lawm.
3. Kev Ua Si
Kev tawm dag zog tsawg kawg yog 30 feeb hauv ib hnub, xws li taug kev sai sai lossis ua luam dej, tsawg kawg yog 5 hnub hauv ib lub lim tiam, tuaj yeem txhim kho koj lub cev teb rau insulin. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab koj tswj koj qhov hnyav. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej pib ua ib qho kev tawm dag zog.
Kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 puas tiv thaiv tau?
Yog, koj yeej ua tau! Txawm hais tias tus kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los xij, muaj ob peb yam uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau los txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 .
- Tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo. Yog tias koj rog dhau, sim txo qee qhov hnyav.
- Noj zaub mov kom noj qab nyob zoo.
- Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua.
- Yog koj haus luam yeeb, tsum.
- Yog koj xav tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo, mus ntsib kws kho mob kom tau lus qhia.
Yog tias koj xav tau kev kho mob ceev vim muaj cov tsos mob ntsig txog ntshav qab zib, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus rau Chav Kho Mob Ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob ntshav qab zib tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum ntshai, nws yog ib yam mob uas tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li koj cov kev noj haus, kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev kho mob raws nraim li koj tus kws kho mob tau hais.
- Yuav tsum paub txog cov tsos mob. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej, nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Xyuas koj cov ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav siab tsis tu ncua.
- Koj tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 2, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev ua neej noj qab haus huv.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus