Koj puas tau hnov dua tias peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, lub cev uas tiv thaiv peb ntawm kab mob, qee zaum ua haujlwm tawm tsam peb? Los yog tias tom qab ib tug neeg tau txais kev hloov pauv, zoo li lub raum, lawv lub cev sim tsis lees txais lub cev tshiab? Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog ib pawg tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas cov kws kho mob sau ntawv kom tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav xws li.
Cov tshuaj immunosuppressants no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov no yog cov tshuaj uas txo lossis txwv tsis pub koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm. Feem ntau, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li ib pab tub rog uas tiv thaiv lub tebchaws. Thaum nws pom cov yeeb ncuab txawv teb chaws, xws li cov kab mob, cov kab mob me me, thiab cov qog nqaij hlav, pab tub rog no tawm tsam thiab tiv thaiv peb.
Tiamsis qee zaum, cov tub rog no ua yuam kev thiab pib tawm tsam peb cov hlwb thiab cov nqaij noj qab haus huv, xav tias, "Cov no kuj yog yeeb ncuab thiab." Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, peb muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no los pab kom cov tub rog uas ua haujlwm ntau dhau tsis txhob ntxhov siab.
Tiamsis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog vim tias cov tshuaj no ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob me me yeej nce ntxiv.
Cov tshuaj no siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej twg?
Cov kws kho mob feem ntau pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj no hauv ob qho xwm txheej.
1. Rau Cov Kab Mob Autoimmune
Qhov no yog qhov mob uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam peb. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, cov hlwb noj qab haus huv hauv lub cev raug rhuav tshem thiab kev o pib tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj no tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam tsis xav tau ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tswj cov tsos mob. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tswj qee yam kab mob tag nrho thiab ua rau lawv zoo siab yam tsis muaj tsos mob.
Qee cov kab mob autoimmune uas cov tshuaj no feem ntau siv yog:
- Cov plaub hau poob tsis sib xws (Alopecia areata)
- Kab mob plab hnyuv o , xws li kab mob Crohn thiab mob ulcerative colitis
- Lupus
- Kab mob ntau yam sclerosis (MS)
- Psoriasis thiab cov kab mob sib txuas nrog mob pob qij txha
- Mob pob qij txha caj qaum (RA) , tseem hu ua mob pob qij txha caj qaum
2. Hauv Kev Hloov Pauv Lub Cev thiab Cov Qog Ntshav
Xav txog tias ib tug neeg tau txais kev hloov pauv ntawm ib lub cev, xws li lub raum, lub siab, lossis lub plawv. Lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pom lub cev tshiab no ua ib yam "txawv teb chaws." Yog li nws xav tias nws yog txawv teb chaws thiab tawm tsam nws, sim tsis lees txais nws (kev tsis lees txais lub cev). Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov ntawd, uas yog, kom lub cev txais yuav lub cev tshiab, cov tshuaj no (Immunosuppressant) raug muab.
Ib yam li ntawd, cov noob hlwb raug hloov mus rau cov mob qog ntshav xws li leukemia thiab thalassemia. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsim los ntawm cov hlwb tshiab no tuaj yeem tawm tsam lub cev qub. Qhov no hu ua (Graft-versus-host disease - GvHD) . Cov tshuaj no kuj tseem ceeb heev rau kev tiv thaiv tus mob no.
Kuv yuav tau cov tshuaj no li cas thiab siv tau ntev npaum li cas?
Cov tshuaj no noj tau ua tshuaj ntsiav, kua, koob txhaj, lossis txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV) . Nyob ntawm koj tus mob, tej zaum koj yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj no rau ob peb lub hlis, ib xyoos, lossis tag nrho koj lub neej. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tau hloov lub cev, tej zaum koj yuav tsum txuas ntxiv noj cov tshuaj no ntev li ntev tau raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia rau koj.
Cov tshuaj twg uas feem ntau siv los txo cov kab mob immunosuppressants?
Muaj ntau hom tshuaj no. Nyob ntawm koj tus mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaiv cov tshuaj lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke uas haum rau koj tshaj plaws.
| Hom tshuaj | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Cov tshuaj Corticosteroids Piv txwv li: Prednisone | Cov no yog cov hom uas siv ntau tshaj plaws. Lawv tswj tau sai sai lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev o. |
| Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg Ex: Adalimumab, Infliximab | Cov no yog tsim tawm hauv chav kuaj mob thiab tsom mus rau qee qhov ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. |
| Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv calcineurin Piv txwv li: Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine | Nws thaiv ib qho enzyme uas ua rau cov T-cells (ib hom qe ntshav dawb) uas tawm tsam kev kis kab mob. |
| Lwm hom sib txawv (Cov tshuaj IMDH inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors) | Cov no tswj cov khoom xws li kev loj hlob ntawm cov cell, cov enzymes inflammatory, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov cell. |
Cov txiaj ntsig, cov kev mob tshwm sim, thiab cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov tshuaj no yog dab tsi?
Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj no muab cov txiaj ntsig cawm txoj sia, lawv kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qee qhov kev phiv thiab kev pheej hmoo.
Tej zaum yuav muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo
Cov tshuaj no muaj zog heev thiab ua rau muaj ntau yam kev phiv. Tsis yog txhua tus yuav muaj txhua yam no.
- Pob txuv
- Kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib
- Kev qaug zog ntawm lub cev ntau dhau
- Plaub hau poob los yog kev loj hlob tsis xav tau
- Mob taub hau
- Ntshav siab
- Mob qhov ncauj
- Kab mob pob txha
- Kev tshee hnyo
- Qhov hnyav nce
- Mob plab, xeev siab, thiab ntuav
Yog koj muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim no ntau dua li niaj zaus, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Nws yuav hloov tau qhov ntau npaum li cas lossis sau ntawv rau lwm yam tshuaj.
Cov kev pheej hmoo tshwj xeeb thiab cov teeb meem
1. Tsis txhob noj tshuaj
Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem loj heev. Tsis txhob hla ib koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj no rau txhua qhov laj thawj lossis tsis muaj koj tus kws kho mob qhia. Yog tias ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob autoimmune ua li no, tus kab mob tuaj yeem hnyav zuj zus tuaj. Yog tias ib tus neeg uas tau hloov pauv lub cev tsis noj tshuaj lawm, lub cev yuav pib tsis lees txais lub cev.
2. Muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob ntau ntxiv
Zoo li peb tau tham ua ntej lawm, cov tshuaj no ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo. Qhov no ua rau koj (tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob) , uas txhais tau tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj tuaj yeem kis tau kab mob hnyav yooj yim dua li ib tus neeg ib txwm. Piv txwv li:
- Sepsis (kev kis kab mob ntawm cov ntshav)
- Kev kis kab mob fungal (piv txwv li, thrush)
- Kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij (Cellulitis)
- Kab mob ua pa (piv txwv li, mob khaub thuas, mob ntsws)
Kuv ua tau dab tsi kom noj qab nyob zoo thaum lub sijhawm kho mob?
Nyob rau lub sijhawm no uas kev tiv thaiv kab mob txo qis, koj yuav tsum xav txog koj txoj kev nyab xeeb ntau dua li yav dhau los.
- Ntxuav koj txhais tes tsis tu ncua nrog xab npum thiab dej. Qhov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob.
- Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Nug nws seb koj yuav tsum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob twg thiab koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhaj.
- Noj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Noj cov khoom noj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo xws li zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov nplej tag nrho, thiab cov protein uas siav zoo.
- Pw tsaug zog txaus. Kev pw tsaug zog zoo pab txhawb nqa lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Tsis txhob mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj neeg coob coob thiab cov chaw uas muaj neeg mob nyob ntau li ntau tau.
Cov tshuaj no puas muaj txiaj ntsig thaum cev xeeb tub?
Yog, nws yeej ua tau. Txhua tus neeg uas noj cov tshuaj no thiab npaj yuav muaj menyuam yuav tsum nrog lawv tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej. Qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam hauv plab puas tsuaj thiab ua rau menyuam yug tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov tshuaj tsis haum rau lub sijhawm pub niam mis. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tus kws kho mob xav tau, nws tuaj yeem hloov koj mus rau cov tshuaj muaj kev nyab xeeb dua uas haum rau cev xeeb tub.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (immunosuppressants) yog cov tshuaj muaj zog heev uas siv rau cov mob hnyav xws li cov kab mob autoimmune thiab kev hloov pauv lub cev.
- Tsis txhob hla ib koob tshuaj lossis hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas yam tsis tau koj tus kws kho mob qhia.
- Vim tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob nce ntxiv thaum noj cov tshuaj no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li kev ceev faj xws li ntxuav tes ntau zaus thiab nyob deb ntawm cov neeg mob.
- Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd txog tej kev mob tshwm sim lossis cov tsos mob txawv txawv uas koj ntsib.
- Yog tias koj tab tom yuav muaj menyuam, nco ntsoov sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej npaj yuav cev xeeb tub.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus