Yog tias koj lossis ib tus neeg koj hlub muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis, tej zaum koj twb tau hnov lo lus 'immunotherapy' thaum nws los txog rau kev kho mob. Tej zaum koj tus kws kho mob yuav tau hais txog nws. Yog li, qhov kev kho mob tshiab no rau ntau tus neeg yog dab tsi? Nws puas tuaj yeem tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav tiag tiag? Cia peb tham txog nws hauv txoj kev yooj yim uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.
Yog li ntawd, Immunotherapy yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog kev kho mob uas siv koj lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob (lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob) los pab nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Nws zoo li kev cob qhia koj lub cev cov "tub rog" kom paub thiab tawm tsam "cov yeeb ncuab" hu ua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.
Tam sim no, kev kho mob no feem ntau siv los kho ib hom mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis hu ua "Triple-negative breast cancer", uas nyuaj kho, muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rov qab los, thiab tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev (metastatic). Kev tshawb fawb kuj tseem tab tom ua mus kom pom tias kev kho mob no zoo npaum li cas rau "HER2-positive" thiab "ER-positive" mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis.
Kev kho mob no ua haujlwm li cas?
Xav txog peb lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li ib pab tub rog uas tiv thaiv lub teb chaws. Cov tub rog no pheej nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab xws li cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlwb qog noj ntshav yog cov yeeb ncuab ntse heev. Qee zaum cov hlwb qog noj ntshav no ua txuj ua li ntau txoj kev kom tsis txhob raug peb cov tub rog ntes. Zoo li ib tug neeg soj xyuas yeeb ncuab.
Nov yog qhov kev kho mob immunotherapy ua:
1. Pab kom paub txog tus yeeb ncuab: Qee cov tshuaj kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob qhib cov hlwb qog noj ntshav, qhia meej meej rau peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tias "ntawm no yog tus yeeb ncuab."
2. Ua kom cov tub rog muaj zog: Lwm hom tshuaj ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua kom cov hlwb (cov tub rog) ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog, muab zog rau lawv ntau dua los tawm tsam cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav.
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los ua qhov no:
- Kev Kho Mob Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob: Qhov no suav nrog kev kawm txog cov cim tshwj xeeb (antigens) ntawm koj cov qe ntshav qog nqaij hlav thiab cob qhia koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom tawm tsam cov cim ntawd xwb.
- Kev Kho Mob Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Tsis Siv Tshuaj (Passive Immunotherapy): Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas ua nyob rau hauv chav kuaj mob raug muab rau lub cev kom txhim kho lub peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav uas twb muaj lawm.
Cov tshuaj kho mob immunotherapy siv rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis yog dab tsi?
Tam sim no muaj ob hom tshuaj kho mob tseem ceeb uas tau pom zoo rau kev kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis.
1. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®):Cov tshuaj no siv rau '(Triple-negative mis mob qog noj ntshav)'. Cov tshuaj no thaiv cov protein uas cov qe ntshav qog noj ntshav siv los nkaum ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov no ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom paub cov qe ntshav qog noj ntshav. Qee zaum cov tshuaj no raug muab ua ntej thiab tom qab phais kom tiv thaiv cov qog noj ntshav kom tsis txhob rov qab los. Cov tshuaj no kuj tseem siv rau cov qog noj ntshav uas tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev, yog tias muaj qee yam "Biomarkers" hauv DNA ntawm cov qog noj ntshav.
2. Dostarlimab (Jemperli®): Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis uas rov qab los tom qab lwm yam kev kho mob thiab muaj ib qho cim qhia txog mob qog noj ntshav tshwj xeeb.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias tsis yog txhua yam tshuaj no haum rau txhua tus neeg mob. Tsuas yog koj tus kws kho mob thiaj li txiav txim siab tau seb qhov kev kho mob no puas yog rau koj, raws li hom, theem, thiab muaj cov cim qhia tshwj xeeb hauv koj tus mob qog noj ntshav.
Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob li cas thiaj muab tau?
Kev kho mob no feem ntau yog muab ua cov kua saline los ntawm cov leeg ntshav (intravenous - IV). Txoj kev npaj kho mob yuav txawv nyob ntawm koj tus mob. Tab sis feem ntau cov neeg tau txais kev kho mob no txhua 3 txog 6 lub lis piam . Qee zaum kev kho mob no yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv mus rau ob peb lub hlis txog ob xyoos.
Cia peb kawm txog cov kev mob tshwm sim.
Ib yam li kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv. Tab sis lawv tsis cuam tshuam rau txhua tus tib yam. Qee tus neeg yuav muaj kev tsis xis nyob me ntsis, thaum lwm tus yuav tsis hnov dab tsi li. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog kev tsis xis nyob sai li sai tau.
Cia peb los saib seb cov kev mob tshwm sim uas tshwm sim ntau thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim loj yog dab tsi.
| Hom kev phiv tshuaj | Tej yam yuav tsum tau xav txog |
|---|---|
| Cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau |
|
| Cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj |
|
Tsis txhob ntshai tej kev mob tshwm sim no. Koj tus kws kho mob thiab pab neeg kho mob yeej ib txwm nrhiav kev kho mob rau koj. Lawv kuj tseem yuav muab cov tshuaj thiab cov lus qhia tsim nyog rau koj los tswj cov kev mob tshwm sim no.
Kev kho mob no ua tau zoo npaum li cas?
Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib qho kev kho mob tshiab thiab muaj kev cia siab tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov tshwj xeeb, nws tau pab ua kom tus nqi kho mob zoo dua thiab ntev lub neej ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj qog noj ntshav uas nyuaj kho, xws li qog noj ntshav mis triple-negative.
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb loj tau qhia tias cov neeg mob uas tau txais tshuaj Pembrolizumab nrog rau kev kho mob chemotherapy muaj sia nyob ntev dua li cov neeg uas tau txais chemotherapy ib leeg xwb.
Muaj ntau pua txoj kev tshawb fawb thoob plaws ntiaj teb uas twb tau ua los tshawb nrhiav qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob rau ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau nce qib txhua hnub.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob tsis yog tshuaj uas tua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav zoo li kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev txhawb koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom pab tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav.
- Qhov no yog ib qho kev kho mob tseem ceeb heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau `(Triple-negative breast cancer)`.
- Ib yam li txhua yam kev kho mob, muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tswj tau , yog li tsis txhob ntshai tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam kev tsis xis nyob.
- Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib qho kev cia siab zoo hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.Tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav txog qhov no, thiab nws muaj peev xwm hais tias ntau tus neeg yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov no yav tom ntej.
- Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los nrhiav seb qhov kev kho mob no puas yog rau koj yog tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob qog nqaij hlav. Lawv yuav teb tau tag nrho koj cov lus nug.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus