Peb txhua tus tau hnov cov neeg hais tias, "Kuv yuav tsum muab cov dej ntsev rau koj," "Kuv yuav tsum muab cov piam thaj rau koj," thaum ib tug neeg mob, ntuav lossis raws plab, lossis tom qab phais loj. Ib txhia neeg txawm hais tias nws muab zog rau koj. Yog li cov kua dej no uas muab rau lub cev los ntawm cov leeg ntshav, lossis lawv hu ua cov kua IV hauv kev kho mob yog dab tsi? Vim li cas lawv thiaj muab? Puas muaj kev nyab xeeb? Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog txhua yam no yooj yim heev, hauv txoj kev uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.
Vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau cov kua dej IV (salines)?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov kua dej IV yog qhov xav tau thaum cov dej hauv peb lub cev tsawg heev, uas yog, thaum peb qhuav dej . Xav txog nws zoo li lub cav ntawm lub tsheb. Ib yam li lub cav xav tau dej thiab roj kom khiav tau zoo, dej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua lub cell thiab cov kab mob hauv peb lub cev kom ua haujlwm tau zoo. Qhov tseeb, 60% ntawm peb lub cev yog ua los ntawm dej. Yog li thaum cov dej no txo qis, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho lub cev tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam.
Feem ntau, koj tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau dej no los ntawm kev haus dej ntawm qhov ncauj. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum lub cev qaug zog dhau los haus dej ntawm qhov ncauj, lossis cov kua dej uas tawm hauv lub cev ntau dua li qhov noj los ntawm qhov ncauj. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov kua dej no yuav tsum tau muab ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntshav los ntawm cov leeg ntshav.
Cov xwm txheej no yog dab tsi?
- Cov Kab Mob: Yog tias koj ntuav ntau heev lossis raws plab , cov kua dej ntau heev yuav poob ntawm koj lub cev. Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, txawm tias koj haus dej los ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj los xij, nws yuav tsis nyob hauv koj lub cev thiab tawm los dua.
- Kev tawm dag zog thiab kub heev: Thaum koj tawm hws ntau tom qab ua si hauv lub hnub lossis ua haujlwm hnyav, koj lub cev poob dej thiab ntsev. Yog tias koj tsis haus dej txaus thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, koj tuaj yeem qhuav dej.
- Kev raug mob loj lossis kub hnyiab: Kev sib tsoo loj, kev raug mob, lossis kub hnyiab ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua dej ntau heev poob ntawm lub cev sai sai.
- Kev Phais Mob: Ua ntej thiab tom qab phais mob loj, cov kua dej IV raug muab los tswj cov kua dej hauv lub cev vim tias koj raug tshuaj loog thiab tej zaum yuav tsis tuaj yeem noj lossis haus tau.
Thaum lub cev poob dej (qaug dej) muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim?
Kev qhuav dej tsis yog txhais tau tias koj nqhis dej xwb. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntau yam hauv peb lub cev.
- Cov zaub mov tsis sib npaug: Cov zaub mov hu ua electrolytes, xws li sodium thiab potassium, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm peb lub cev cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg. Cov no ua rau tsis sib npaug thaum lub sijhawm qhuav dej.
- Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Lub Siab: Dej kuj tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb. Thaum koj tsis muaj dej txaus, nws yuav nyuaj rau koj tsom ntsoov thiab koj lub peev xwm xav txog yuav txo qis.
- Kev poob zog: xav tias qaug zog, nkeesKev xav tias nkees yog ib qho tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev qhuav dej.
- Kev zom zaub mov: Dej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem zom zaub mov, nrog rau kev tso tawm cov quav thiab zis.
- Mob Taub Hau: Kev qhuav dej tuaj yeem ua rau mob taub hau ntau zaus thiab lawv qhov hnyav.
- Cov teebmeem rau cov kabmob sab hauv: Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub raum, lub plawv, thiab lub hlwb, tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam loj heev.
- Kev noj qab haus huv ntawm daim tawv nqaij: Daim tawv nqaij yuav qhuav thiab ntsws.
Nco ntsoov, qhov kev qhuav dej hnyav yog qhov xwm txheej ceev hauv kev kho mob, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj rau cov tsos mob hauv qab no.
| Cov tsos mob ntawm Kev Qhuav Dej Hnyav | |
|---|---|
| Cov tsos mob | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
| kiv taub hau | Hnov kiv taub hau, qhov muag tig xiav. |
| Qhov muag qhuav, daim di ncauj, thiab tus nplaig | Qhov muag qhuav, qhuav heev uas kua muag tsis tawm thaum quaj, thiab daim di ncauj thiab tus nplaig qhuav zoo li lawv tawg. |
| Kev qhuav thiab xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij | Daim tawv nqaij qhuav, ntsws, thiab qee zaum muaj cov pob tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. |
| Kev qaug zog | Xav tias koj tsis muaj zog ua dab tsi li. |
| Ua pa sai | Ua pa ceev dua li qub. |
| Tes thiab taw txias | Hnov txias thaum kov tes thiab taw. |
| Tso zis tsawg dua | Tso zis tsawg dua plaub zaug hauv ib hnub thiab cov zis uas tawm los yog xim daj tsaus thiab muaj ntxhiab tsw zoo heev. |
Puas muaj cov kua IV?
Yog, txawm hais tias lawv hais tias "saline," muaj ntau hom kua IV. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb koj xav tau hom twg, nyob ntawm koj tus mob. Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb.
1. Cov kua Crystalloid: Cov no yog cov kua IV uas siv ntau tshaj plaws. Lawv muaj cov khoom me me uas yaj hauv dej. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem yooj yim hla cov ntshav mus rau hauv lub cev cov nqaij thiab cov hlwb.
- Cov ntsev ib txwm muaj: Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua "dej ntsev." Nws yog ua los ntawm kev yaj sodium chloride (ntsev) hauv dej.
- D5W (Dextrose hauv dej): Qhov no yog qhov hu ua "glucose" lossis "dej qab zib". Nws yog ua los ntawm kev yaj dextrose, ib hom qab zib, hauv dej.
- Lactated Ringer's: Cov tshuaj no muaj sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, thiab lactate. Nws yog siv los hloov cov kua dej ntau uas poob ntawm lub cev sai sai.
2. Colloids: Cov no muaj cov khoom me me loj heev. Cov khoom me me no tsis yooj yim hla dhau cov phab ntsa cell. Yog li ntawd, lawv nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha ntev heev. Piv txwv li suav nrog albumin thiab hetastarch .
Cov kauj ruam ntawm kev muab cov tshuaj saline IV yog dab tsi?
Thaum koj xav tau muab cov kua dej IV, tus kws kho mob lossis tus nais maum yuav ua raws li cov kauj ruam no. Kev paub qhov no yuav pab koj zam kev ntshai tsis tsim nyog.
1. Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob yuav xav txog ntau yam, xws li koj qhov hnyav, hnub nyoog, thiab mob nkeeg, los txiav txim siab seb koj xav tau hom kua IV twg, yuav tsum muab ntau npaum li cas, thiab yuav tsum muab sai npaum li cas.
2. Tom ntej no, tus kws tu mob yuav xaiv ib txoj hlab ntshav zoo hauv koj txhais caj npab (feem ntau yog nyob rau sab hauv ntawm koj lub luj tshib lossis ntawm sab caj npab sab saud).
3. Thaj chaw xaiv tau raug ntxuav kom huv si nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
4. Tom qab ntawd, muab ib daim ntaub qhwv caj dab, zoo li ib txoj hlua roj hmab, tso rau ntawm caj npab sab saud thiab nruj me ntsis. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov leeg ntshav pom tseeb.
5. Tom qab ntawd, yuav muab ib rab koob uas tau ntxuav kom huv si ntxig rau hauv cov leeg ntshav. Tej zaum koj yuav hnov qhov mob me ntsis thaum lub sijhawm no. Muab ib lub raj yas me me (cannula) txuas rau rab koob tso rau hauv cov leeg ntshav thiab muab rab koob tshem tawm.
6. Tshem tawm lub tourniquet thiab xyuas kom meej tias lub cannula tau ntxig rau hauv cov leeg ntshav tag.
7. Siv daim ntaub qhwv plaster los khi lub cannula rau ntawm koj txhais caj npab kom nws tsis txhob txav mus los.
8. Tom qab ntawd ib lub raj ntev txuas nrog lub cannula, thiab lwm qhov kawg ntawm lub raj txuas nrog lub hnab kua IV.
9. Lub hnab kua IV raug dai rau ntawm ib lub rooj siab, qee zaum siv lub tshuab twj, uas cia cov kua ntws mus rau hauv koj lub cev ntawm qhov nrawm uas teem tseg.
10. Cov kws tu mob tuaj xyuas tas li los xyuas seb nws puas ua haujlwm zoo thiab seb koj puas muaj kev tsis xis nyob.
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov kev pheej hmoo tsawg tsawg ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?
Kev muab cov kua dej rau hauv cov hlab ntshav yog ib txoj kev yooj yim thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb uas siv dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws tuaj yeem pab koj rov zoo sai thiab qee zaum tseem cawm tau ib tug neeg txoj sia.
Txawm li cas los xij, ib yam li kev kho mob, muaj qee yam teeb meem tsis tshua muaj uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Nws yog ib qho zoo kom paub txog cov no, tab sis tsis txhob ntshai lawv yam tsis tsim nyog.
| Kev nyuaj siab | Qhov ntawd txhais li cas? (Tsuas yog) |
|---|---|
| Kev mob ntsws los ntawm huab cua | Muaj cua nkag mus rau hauv cov leeg ntshav ntau dhau los ntawm txoj kab IV. Qhov no tsis tshua muaj , tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav yog tias nws tshwm sim. |
| Cov hlab ntsha tawg | Cov leeg ntshav yuav nqaim thaum muab koob txhaj rau hauv lossis yog tias lub cannula nyob hauv qhov chaw ntev. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob yuav siv cov leeg ntshav sib txawv. |
| Kev siv dej ntau dhau | Yog koj haus dej ntau dhau sai sai, koj yuav mob taub hau, ntshav siab, thiab ua pa nyuaj. Qhov no yuav ploj mus sai sai thaum koj kho koj cov dej kom zoo. |
| Cov ntshav tawm | Los ntshav ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau cov nqaij ib puag ncig. Qhov no zoo li ib qho mob tawv thiab yuav kho nws tus kheej hauv ob peb lub lis piam. |
| Kev kis kab mob | Yog tias qhov chaw tho qhov tsis tau ntxuav kom huv, ces yuav muaj kev kis kab mob. Cov no tuaj yeem kho tau nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob. |
| Kev nkag mus | Cov cannula yuav tawm hauv cov leeg ntshav thiab xau cov kua dej mus rau hauv cov nqaij ib puag ncig. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau o thiab mob nqaij, tab sis nws tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim. |
| Kab mob ntshav | Cov leeg ntshav yuav o vim yog IV. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas tshwm sim ntau zaus, tab sis tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim los ntawm kev tshem IV thiab siv ib daim ntaub sov so. |
Kuv yuav tsum qhia dab tsi rau tus kws kho mob lossis tus nais maum thaum lub sijhawm muab dej ntsev rau hauv?
Yog koj muaj teeb meem dab tsi thaum koj haus cov tshuaj saline, koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Qhov no yuav pab kom koj tsis txhob muaj teeb meem loj dua.
- Yog tias tus nqi ntawm cov kua dej ntws hauv lub hnab saline zoo li qeeb dhau los yog sai dhau .
- Yog tias thaj chaw uas tau ntxig lub cannula mob, o, liab, lossis xav tias kub hnyiab .
- Yog tias lub cannula xav tias xoob .
- Yog tias koj mob taub hau lossis ua pa nyuaj tam sim ntawd.
Yog koj xav li no, tsis txhob ntshai tham nrog tus kws saib mob lossis kws kho mob ntawm qhov chaw ntawd. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau koj txoj kev nyab xeeb.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov kua dej IV, lossis "saline" lossis "glucose" raws li peb hu nws, yog ib hom kua tshwj xeeb uas muab los ntawm cov leeg ntshav kom rov ua kom lub cev muaj dej thiab cov zaub mov thaum nws tsis txaus (dehydration).
- Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov rooj plaub ntuav, raws plab, tawm hws ntau dhau, raug xwm txheej, thiab phais.
- Qhov no yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas siv ntau heev thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb, tab sis tej yam teeb meem yuav tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj.
- Yog tias koj mob, o, lossis lwm yam kev tsis xis nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cannula thaum koj tau txais cov kua IV, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus nais tam sim ntawd.
- Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb hom thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov kua IV uas zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus mob, yog li ntawd ib txwm ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia.
💬 Comments (0)
Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus