Thaum kho ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg lossis phooj ywg rau mob qog noj ntshav lossis kev kis kab mob hnyav, koj tus kws kho mob puas tau hais txog cov tshuaj hu ua 'Monoclonal Antibodies'? Tej zaum koj yuav tau me ntsis tsis meej pem thaum koj hnov lub npe no. Tej zaum koj yuav tau xav tias nws yog hom tshuaj dab tsi, nws ua haujlwm li cas, thiab seb puas muaj kev phiv. Tsis txhob txhawj, nws yog ib txwm muaj. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv txoj kev yooj yim heev uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) no yog dab tsi?
Yuav kom nkag siab qhov no, peb yuav tsum xub paub txog ib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo kawg nkaus uas peb muaj hauv peb lub cev. Ntawd yog peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Xav txog nws zoo li ib pab tub rog hauv peb lub cev. Pab tub rog no muaj cov tub rog tshwj xeeb. Peb hu lawv ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob .
Txoj haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yog los paub, txuas rau, thiab rhuav tshem cov neeg txawv teb chaws uas nkag los, xws li cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob virus (peb hu cov antigens no) . Cov cell mob qog noj ntshav kuj yog ib hom cell yeeb ncuab uas loj hlob hauv peb lub cev thiab ua haujlwm tawm tsam peb. Yog li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no kuj tawm tsam lawv thiab.
Tiamsis qee zaum, cov yeeb ncuab ntse xws li cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav zais ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, dag lawv, thiab kis mus thoob plaws lub cev. Thaum ntawd peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob xav tau kev pab los ntawm sab nraud.
Cov Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) yog ib hom tub rog tshwj xeeb uas tuaj pab peb cov tub rog thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no. Cov no yog ib hom protein uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb hauv chav kuaj. Lawv ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb lub cev. Tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv.
"Mono" txhais tau tias "ib." Yog li cov Monoclonal Antibodies no tsuas yog cov ntawv theej ntawm ib hom antibody, ntau daim ntawv theej zoo sib xws (clones). Hauv lwm lo lus, lawv zoo li ib pab tub rog tshwj xeeb uas tau kawm los tawm tsam tsuas yog ib hom yeeb ncuab (antigen). Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj no xaus rau hauv cov ntawv "mab." Koj tuaj yeem paub lawv tam sim no yog tias koj pom lawv.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov tshuaj monoclonal thiab polyclonal antibodies yog dab tsi?
Qhov no kuj zoo kom paub. Peb tau hais ua ntej lawm tias "Mono" txhais tau tias ib. "Poly" txhais tau tias "ntau."
- Cov Tshuaj Monoclonal Antibodies: Vim tias cov no yog cov qauv ntawm ib hom cell antibody, lawv tsuas yog tsom rau ib qho antigen xwb. Zoo li tus yuam sij uas tsuas yog haum rau ib lub xauv xwb. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog cov tshwj xeeb heev thiab tsis plam lub hom phiaj.
- Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Polyclonal: Vim tias cov no yog tsim los ntawm ntau hom hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob, lawv tuaj yeem khi rau ntau hom antigens tib lub sijhawm. Zoo li ib pawg yuam sij uas tuaj yeem qhib ntau lub xauv.
Hais yooj yim xwb, Monoclonal Antibodies zoo li tus neeg tua phom uas tuaj yeem taw qhia tus yeeb ncuab thiab tsuas yog tua rau lawv xwb.Zoo li. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob polyclonal zoo li rab phom tua uas tua tau deb heev. Qhov kev raug no tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho mob.
Cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) siv rau dab tsi?
Cov thev naus laus zis no siv rau ntau qhov chaw kho mob niaj hnub no. Cia peb saib cov tseem ceeb.
| Thaj chaw siv | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Kev kuaj mob | Koj puas nco qab lub thawv kuaj cev xeeb tub uas koj siv hauv tsev? Qhov ntawd yog qhov tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv nws ntes tau ib yam tshuaj hormones (antigen) hauv koj cov zis. Lawv kuj siv hauv chaw soj nstuam los ntes ntau yam. |
| Kev ntsuas cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov ntshav | Thaum ua ib yam dab tsi zoo li kev hloov cev, cov thev naus laus zis no yuav pab saib seb cov nqaij ntawm tus neeg pub thiab tus neeg txais puas sib haum. |
| Kev kho mob (Kev kho mob) | Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb tab tom tham txog hnub no. Cov no yog siv los kho cov kab mob loj heev xws li mob qog noj ntshav thiab cov kab mob autoimmune. |
Txoj kev kho mob no kho tau cov kab mob dab tsi?
Kev kho mob monoclonal antibody tam sim no siv tau zoo rau ntau yam kab mob. Ib txhia ntawm lawv suav nrog:
- Mob qog noj ntshav: Cov no yog siv los kho ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog mob qog noj ntshav mis, mob qog noj ntshav plab hnyuv, mob qog noj ntshav ntsws, thiab mob qog noj ntshav ntshav (leukemia, lymphoma).
- Yuav kom tiv thaiv kev tsis kam hloov cov noob caj noob ces: Thaum peb tau txais kev hloov cov noob caj noob ces, xws li lub raum lossis lub siab los ntawm lwm tus, peb lub cev yuav xav tias nws yog tus yeeb ncuab thiab tawm tsam nws. Cov tshuaj no pab tiv thaiv qhov ntawd.
- Kab mob o thiab kab mob autoimmune: Cov no yog cov kab mob uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam peb cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. Piv txwv li suav nrog mob caj dab rheumatoid thiab mob Crohn. Cov no kuj siv los tswj kev ua xua.
- Kev kis kab mob: Tej zaum koj yuav nco ntsoov tias muaj ntau tus neeg tham txog qhov kev kho mob no thaum muaj tus kab mob COVID-19 sib kis. Nws kuj tseem siv rau lwm yam kev kis kab mob loj heev.
- Kab mob pob txha
- Cov mob qhov muag
- Mob taub hau loj
- Cov roj cholesterol ntau hauv cov ntshav
- Kev mob ntawm lub paj hlwb
Kev kho mob no muab li cas?
Kev kho mob no feem ntau muab ua ob txoj kev.
1. Los ntawm cov leeg ntshav (Intravenous - IV):
Cov tshuaj no feem ntau muab ua cov kua ntsev, lossis ua cov tshuaj txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV) . Qhov no feem ntau ua hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw txhaj tshuaj. Koj tuaj yeem pw hauv lub rooj zaum lossis txaj. Tus kws tu mob yuav ntxig ib lub cannula me me rau hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv koj txhais caj npab thiab txhaj cov tshuaj rau hauv koj lub cev.
Yog tias qhov no yog koj thawj zaug tau txais kev kho mob no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj coj ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg lossis ib tug phooj ywg nrog koj. Qhov no yog los pab koj kawm txog kev kho mob thiab yuav pab koj yog tias koj muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj. Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob yuav ceev faj heev thawj zaug uas koj tau txais nws los xyuas seb koj puas muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj.
2. Tho qhov hauv qab daim tawv nqaij (Subcutaneous):
Qee cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies kuj tseem muab ua kev txhaj tshuaj subcutaneous, zoo ib yam li insulin rau ntshav qab zib . Hauv cov xwm txheej no, koj yuav raug qhia txog yuav txhaj tshuaj rau koj tus kheej li cas. Qhov no feem ntau ua rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub plab lossis lub duav.
Hom kev kho mob
Kev kho mob no kuj muaj peb hom loj raws li txoj kev muab. Qhov no tob me ntsis, tab sis cia peb nkag siab yooj yim.
| Hom kev kho mob | Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim hauv qhov ntawd? (Tsuas yog) |
|---|---|
| Cov Tshuaj Monoclonal Liab Qab | Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej. Tsis muaj dab tsi txuas nrog nws. Nws mus ncaj qha rau lub cell yeeb ncuab, zoo li lub cell mob qog noj ntshav, thiab qhia peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom rhuav tshem nws. |
| Cov Tshuaj Monoclonal Sib Txuas | Qhov no zoo li lub foob pob uas muaj lub foob pob txuas nrog. Ntawm no, cov khoom tawg lossis cov tshuaj chemotherapy raug 'txuas' rau cov tshuaj antibody. Thaum cov tshuaj antibody pom thiab txuas rau lub cell mob qog noj ntshav, cov tshuaj/kev tawg uas khi ncaj qha tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau lub cell mob qog noj ntshav xwb. |
| Cov Tshuaj Antibody Monoclonal Ob Hom | Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntse heev. Lawv tuaj yeem tawm tsam ob tug yeeb ncuab tib lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li, thaum ib sab caj npab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no ntes ib lub cell mob qog noj ntshav, sab caj npab tod ntes ib lub cell muaj zog los ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li T-cell, thiab coj nws los ze rau lub cell mob qog noj ntshav kom rhuav tshem nws. |
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev kho mob no yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau yam ua rau txoj kev kho mob no nrov heev.
- Kev Ntsuas Siab: Tsis zoo li kev kho mob qog noj ntshav ib txwm muaj (kev kho mob qog noj ntshav), muaj kev puas tsuaj me ntsis rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no mus ncaj qha rau thiab tawm tsam tsuas yog cov hlwb mob xwb.
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim tsawg dua: Vim tias muaj kev puas tsuaj tsawg dua rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv, qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim yuav tsawg dua li cov kev kho mob ib txwm muaj.
- Kev vam meej siab: Txoj kev kho mob no tau ua tiav zoo dua li lwm yam kev kho mob rau qee hom mob qog noj ntshav thiab kab mob.
- Zoo sib xws: Vim tias cov no tau tsim tawm hauv chav kuaj mob, txhua pawg tshuaj uas tsim tawm muaj tib yam zoo.
Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab teeb meem?
Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj, kev kho mob no muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, koj pab neeg kho mob tab tom saib xyuas txhua yam.
Cov Kev Tshwm Sim Feem Ntau Thaum Muab Tshuaj Rau Hauv Qhov Ncauj:
Cov no yog cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum muab tshuaj rau hauv lub cev lossis tom qab ntawd tsis ntev. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ua xua ntawm peb lub cev rau cov tshuaj tshiab.
- Mob pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij
- Ua npaws
- Mob khaub thuas
- Ua pa nyuaj
- Tawm hws
- Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntshav siab
- Lub plawv dhia ceev dua
Yog qhov no tshwm sim, cov kws tu mob yuav ua kom qeeb qeeb qhov kev muab tshuaj. Qhov no feem ntau yuav tswj tau cov tsos mob no.
Kev pheej hmoo loj tab sis tsis tshua muaj:
Cov no tsis tshua pom, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub.
- Mob Anaphylaxis Loj Hlob: Qhov no yog ib qho kev ua xua hnyav heev uas tshwm sim sai sai. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob yeej ib txwm npaj los kho cov xwm txheej ceev no.
- Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS): Kuj hu ua "cytokine storm," qhov no yog ib qho mob uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm ntau dhau, ua rau lub cev cov kabmob puas tsuaj.
- Tumor Lysis Syndrome: Ib qho mob uas muaj ntau cov qe ntshav qog nqaij hlav raug rhuav tshem ib zaug thaum kho mob qog nqaij hlav, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qe ntshav tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav thiab ua rau lub raum puas tsuaj.
Nco ntsoov tias, cov kev tsis haum tshuaj loj no tsis tshua muaj. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg tu mob uas kho koj yeej ib txwm npaj txhij los daws tej yam zoo li no yog tias nws tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai yam tsis tsim nyog.
Tom qab kho tas, yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas mam rov qab zoo li qub?
Lub sijhawm uas qhov no yuav tshwm sim txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg thiab nyob ntawm seb koj tau txais kev kho mob li cas.
Piv txwv li, thaum muab kev kho mob monoclonal antibody rau COVID-19, cov tshuaj tau txhaj rau hauv lub cev li ib teev, thiab tom qab ntawd tus neeg mob tau raug soj ntsuam li ib teev ntxiv kom pom tias puas muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj.
Tom qab kho mob tas, koj yuav rov qab mus ua haujlwm thiab ua ub ua no txhua hnub li qub, yog tias koj tsis nkees lossis tsis xis nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no nyob ntawm seb koj muaj mob dab tsi thiab koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no thiab tau txais kev qhia.
Kuv puas yuav tsum nrog tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov kev kho mob no?
Yog, yeej yog li ntawd.
- Yog tias koj twb tau txais kev kho mob no lawm thiab muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv (piv txwv li khaus heev, ua pa nyuaj, o) tom qab rov qab los tsev, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, lossis mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) ntawm lub tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws.
- Yog tias koj tau raug kuaj pom tias muaj mob uas tau hais hauv tsab xov xwm no, koj muaj cai nug koj tus kws kho mob, "Puas Yog Monoclonal Antibody Therapy Yog Rau Kuv?" thiab tham nrog nws.
Nco ntsoov tias, kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj yog koj tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab, uas paub txog koj tus mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Tsis txhob cia siab rau hauv internet lossis ntawv xov xwm los txiav txim siab txog koj tus kheej txoj kev kho mob lossis muab lus qhia rau lwm tus.
Cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies yog ib txoj kev kho mob tshiab uas hloov pauv ntau heev hauv kev kho mob. Lawv tau muab kev cia siab tshiab rau ntau tus neeg uas tab tom tawm tsam cov kab mob loj xws li mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom paub txog qhov no kom zoo thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm kws kho mob.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov Tshuaj Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) yog ib hom protein tshwj xeeb uas ua nyob rau hauv chav kuaj mob uas ua haujlwm zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Cov no yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo heev los kho mob qog noj ntshav, cov kab mob autoimmune, thiab cov kab mob hnyav xws li COVID-19.
- Kev kho mob no feem ntau yog muab los ntawm cov leeg ntshav (IV infusion), thiab txawm hais tias qee qhov kev phiv yuav tshwm sim, cov pab pawg kho mob tau npaj rau nws.
- Nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog tej kev kho mob uas koj muaj, lawv cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov tsis zoo, thiab tej teeb meem uas koj muaj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus