Puas zoo li cov hlab ntsha tshiab tab tom tsim hauv koj lub qhov muag? Peb puas yuav tham txog qhov kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab ntawm lub qhov muag?

Qee zaum peb lub qhov muag muaj teeb meem tsis tau xav txog, puas yog? Tam sim ntawd, peb lub zeem muag tsis meej, lossis peb lub qhov muag liab thiab mob. Tej zaum yuav muaj ib qho mob tom qab cov no uas peb tsis tau hnov ​​​​dua. Ib qho mob zoo li no yog qhov muag neovascularization, lossis kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv lub qhov muag.

Kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv lub qhov muag yog dab tsi? (Neovascularization of the Eye)

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yog thaum cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim hauv lub qhov muag. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlab ntsha no loj hlob rau qhov chaw uas lawv tsis tsim nyog, hauv txoj kev uas lawv tsis tsim nyog, thiab qee zaum ntau dhau . Lawv loj hlob zoo li cov nroj tsuag. Cov nqaij fibrous tshiab kuj tuaj yeem tsim ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshiab no. Thaum ntawd qhov muag pib raug cuam tshuam.

Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua "Neovascularization", uas yog kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab uas tsis xav tau hauv lub qhov muag. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau o thiab ua rau mob hauv lub qhov muag, uas thaum kawg tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev lossis tsis pom kev kiag li . Feem ntau, qhov mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob lossis kab mob uas tseem muaj.

Cov hlab ntsha tshiab no tuaj yeem tsim tau qhov twg hauv lub qhov muag?

Tam sim no cia peb saib seb cov hlab ntsha tshiab no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov twg ntawm lub qhov muag. Lub qhov muag yog ib lub cev uas nyuaj heev thiab yooj yim puas tsuaj.

• Choroid: Qhov no nyob nruab nrab ntawm retina thiab sclera, qhov dawb ntawm lub qhov muag. Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas feem ntau ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas muab ntshav rau lub qhov muag nyob.
• Retina: Qhov no yog qhov uas lub teeb nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov muag raug hloov mus ua cov teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab xa mus rau lub hlwb. Qhov no yog qhov uas ua rau peb pom tej yam.
• Macula: Qhov no nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub retina. Nws pab peb pom tej yam uas nyob ntawm peb xub ntiag kom meej.
• Iris: Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm lub qhov muag uas muab nws cov xim. Lub voj voog me me dub nyob hauv nruab nrab, uas yog lub qhov muag me me , kuj nyob ntawm no.
• Cornea: Qhov no yog qhov ntshiab, zoo li iav ntawm lub qhov muag nyob rau pem hauv ntej, zoo li lub qhov rais.
• Conjunctiva: Qhov no yog ib daim nyias nyias uas tiv thaiv lub qhov muag.

Kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv cov txheej hlab ntsha '(Choroidal Neovascularization - CNV)'

Tam sim no cia peb saib qhov '(Choroid)' no, uas yog, kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv cov txheej hlab ntsha. Qhov no hu ua '(Choroidal Neovascularization - CNV)'.

Qhov no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem macular degeneration (AMD) vim yog hnub nyoog. Cov kws kho mob ntseeg tias qhov ua rau muaj yog cov tshuaj hu ua Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) ntau ntxiv, uas yog tsim los ntawm lub retina ntawm tus neeg uas muaj AMD.

Cov hlab ntsha tshiab no tsis zoo li qub. Lawv tsis muaj zog heev, zoo li cov yeeb nkab tawg.Qhov no ua rau cov kua dej, thiab qee zaum txawm tias ntshav, ntws mus rau hauv lub retina. Xav txog nws zoo li lub pob me me uas muaj dej puv, thiab lub blister tuaj yeem tsim rau ntawm lub retina.

Cov ua rau muaj '(CNV)' kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub retina nruab nrab (Macular Neovascularization - MNV). Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum '(MNV)' tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj laj thawj. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws kuj hu ua '(Idiopathic)', uas txhais tau tias "tsis paub ua rau".

Kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab ntawm lub qhov muag

Tom ntej no, cia peb tham txog kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv lub qhov muag. Nco ntsoov tias, lub qhov muag yog qhov pom tseeb ntawm lub qhov muag. Feem ntau, nws tsis muaj hlab ntsha li. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj pom tseeb heev. Yog li, yog tias muaj hlab ntsha tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv nws, qhov pom tseeb ntawd yuav raug cuam tshuam, thiab nws tuaj yeem zoo li pos huab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis meej.

Qhov "Corneal Neovascularization" no cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam mob ntawm qhov muag.

Kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab ntawm lub qhov muag

Kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv lub qhov muag yog kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab, tsis zoo hauv lub qhov muag. Nco ntsoov tias, lub qhov muag yog qhov chaw uas cov hlwb pom kev kaj nyob. Qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kab mob thiab kev raug mob. Cov hlab ntsha tshiab no tsis muaj zog thiab tuaj yeem los ntshav thiab xau dej.

Kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab ntawm Iris

Iris Neovascularization yog kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab thiab tsis zoo hauv iris - qhov ntawm lub qhov muag uas muab xim rau lub qhov muag. Nws tseem hu ua Rubeosis Iridis. Nws cuam tshuam nrog ib hom mob glaucoma hnyav hu ua Neovascular Glaucoma. Glaucoma yog ib yam kab mob uas ua rau lub paj hlwb optic puas tsuaj thiab yog ib qho kev hem thawj loj rau kev pom kev.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no yog dab tsi?

Tam sim no cia peb saib seb peb muaj cov tsos mob dab tsi thiab pom thaum cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim hauv lub qhov muag. Cov tsos mob no yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov twg cov hlab ntsha tshiab tau tsim.

Yog tias cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv choroid thiab macula:

• Tej yam koj pom yuav zoo li tsis sib xws thiab tsis sib xws , zoo li saib dhau dej lossis saib dhau daim iav uas tsis sib xws.
• Thaum koj saib ncaj nraim rau pem hauv ntej, tej zaum koj yuav pom ib qho chaw dawb paug lossis ib qho chaw dub nyob nruab nrab ntawm koj lub zeem muag.

Yog tias cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag (Corneal Vascularization):

Tej zaum koj yuav tsis muaj tsos mob li. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj, koj yuav muaj cov hauv qab no:

• Mob qhov muag.
• Qhov muag liab.
• Qhov muag ntws dej.
• Kev rhiab heev rau lub teeb (Photophobia) - Qhov no txhais tau tias nyuaj rau saib tej yam xws li lub hnub ci thiab lub teeb ci ntsa iab.
• Yog koj hnav cov iav qhov muag, tej zaum koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem hnav tau ntau tshaj ob peb teev.

Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Yog vim li cas?

Zoo, tam sim no cia peb saib seb vim li cas cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim hauv lub qhov muag li no, thiab yog vim li cas. Cov laj thawj rau cov kev tsim no txawv me ntsis hauv txhua qhov chaw.

Cov ua rau cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv choroid thiab macula:

• Macular degeneration: Qhov no yog qhov ua rau tseem ceeb.
• Pom kev ze heev.
• Kab mob histoplasmosis ntawm lub qhov muag yog ib qho kab mob fungal ntawm lub qhov muag.
• Kev raug mob ntawm qhov muag.
• Angioid streaks: Cov no zoo li cov kab nrib pleb uas tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm retina.
• Uveitis: Qhov no yog ib pawg kab mob ntawm qhov muag uas tuaj yeem ua rau o, liab, thiab mob qhov muag.

Ua rau cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub cornea:

• Cov kab mob uas muaj txij thaum yug los: Cov no yog cov kab mob uas muaj thaum yug los.
• Kev raug mob ntawm qhov muag: Piv txwv li, kev kub hnyiab los ntawm tshuaj lom neeg.
• Kab mob keratitis kis tau.
• Kev ua xua.
• Cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev mob o.
• Kev siv cov iav tsom iav ntev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg tsis muaj pa oxygen (Hypoxia).
• Kev tsis lees txais cov khoom cog rau ntawm lub qhov muag los ntawm lub cev.

Cov ua rau cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub retina:

• Mob qhov muag liab.
• Retinopathy: Qhov no suav nrog cov mob xws li retinopathy uas cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib, sickle cell retinopathy, thiab retinopathy ntawm prematurity.
• Txo cov ntshav ntws hauv cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb hauv koj lub caj dab (carotid arteries).
• Retinal vein occlusion: Qhov no yog qhov thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv retina.

Ua rau muaj cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv iris:

• Kab mob retinopathy uas cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib.
• Kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub retina.
• Ocular ischemic syndrome: Ib qho mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub qhov muag.
• Retinal detachment: Qhov no yog thaum lub retina sib cais los ntawm nws cov ntaub so ntswg txhawb nqa.
• Kab mob Uveitis.

Koj paub qhov no li cas? Cov kev ntsuam xyuas yog dab tsi?

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj mob li cas? Muaj ntau qhov kev kuaj rau qhov ntawd.

• Kev kuaj qhov muag siv lub teeb ci ntsa iab:Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj qhov muag raug muab tso rau ntawm lub qhov muag, lub qhov muag loj dua, thiab sab hauv ntawm lub qhov muag raug kuaj xyuas kom zoo nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, xws li lub tshuab microscope.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Qhov no zoo li kev luam theej duab sab hauv lub qhov muag. Nws tuaj yeem thaij duab pom tseeb ntawm cov txheej sab hauv lub qhov muag. Nws tuaj yeem nrhiav cov khoom xws li cov hlab ntsha tshiab thiab cov kua dej xau.
• Kev kuaj mob Fluorescein angiography lossis Indocyanine green angiography: Qhov no suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau hauv cov leeg ntshav hauv koj txhais caj npab thiab thaij duab ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv koj lub qhov muag. Qhov no tuaj yeem qhia meej meej txog tej yam xws li kev txhaws thiab kev xau hauv cov hlab ntsha.

Cov kev kho mob yog dab tsi?

Kev kho mob rau qhov mob no sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov ua rau thiab qhov ntawm lub qhov muag raug cuam tshuam. Cov kev kho mob no feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj thiab/lossis kev rho tawm, uas rhuav tshem cov hlab ntsha tshiab, tsis zoo.

Cov hom tshuaj:

Qee cov no yog cov tshuaj txhaj rau hauv lub qhov muag uas muab ncaj qha rau hauv lub qhov muag. Cov no feem ntau ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj hu ua VEGF thiab txo cov hlab ntsha tshiab.

• `Bevacizumab (Avastin®)` (Qhov no siv `(tsis muaj daim ntawv lo)`, txhais tau tias nws tsis yog rau tus kab mob uas nws tau pom zoo, tab sis vim nws paub tias muaj txiaj ntsig)
• Brolucizumab (Beovu®)
• Aflibercept (Eylea®)
• Ranibizumab (Lucentis®)
• Kev kho mob los ntawm noob caj noob ces: Qhov no yog ib txoj kev kho mob tshiab uas tseem nyob rau theem kev tshawb fawb.
• Cov tshuaj MMP inhibitors: Piv txwv li, ib lub tshuaj hu ua Doxycycline , uas yog muab los txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv lub qhov muag.

Cov txheej txheem uas rhuav tshem cov ntaub so ntswg tsis zoo:

• Kev kho mob laser ablation: Qhov no siv cov teeb laser los "hlawv" thiab rhuav tshem cov hlab ntsha tshiab.
• Kev kho mob Photodynamic (PDT): Qhov no suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj uas rhiab rau lub teeb rau hauv lub qhov muag, tom qab ntawd ci lub teeb tshwj xeeb rau hauv lub qhov muag kom xaiv tua cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo.
• Kev Cauterization: Txoj kev no siv cua sov los kho cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo.

Nco ntsoov thiab: Cov kev kho mob no tuaj yeem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj steroids thiab cov tshuaj anti-VEGF tuaj yeem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim uas cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lawv rhuav tshem cov hlab ntsha, cov nqaij noj qab haus huv qee zaum tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tham txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txhua txoj kev kho mob nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.

Peb ua tau dab tsi los tiv thaiv peb tus kheej ntawm qhov xwm txheej no?

Txawm hais tias qhov mob no tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau tag nrho los xij, muaj tej yam uas peb ua tau los saib xyuas peb lub qhov muag thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo:

• Ua ntej yuav ntsia qhov muagNtxuav koj txhais tes kom huv si nrog xab npum.
• Yog koj hnav cov iav qhov muag, ua raws li cov lus qhia kom raug rau kev siv thiab ntxuav lawv. Tsis txhob hnav lawv ntev tshaj lub sijhawm tau teem tseg. Tshem lawv thaum pw tsaug zog.
• Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov khoom noj thiab cov tshuaj ntxiv uas tuaj yeem pab kom koj lub qhov muag noj qab nyob zoo. Rau cov neeg uas muaj AMD, muaj ib hom tshuaj ntxiv hu ua AREDS 2 uas tuaj yeem pab nres lossis tswj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob thaum nws tseem ntxov.
• Ua raws li kev coj noj coj ua hauv lub neej kom noj qab nyob zoo. Qhov no txhais tau tias noj zaub mov kom zoo, tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua , thiab tsis txhob haus luam yeeb. Yog tias koj muaj tej yam mob xws li ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav siab, tswj lawv kom zoo.

Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau qhov xwm txheej no?

Yog tias txoj hlab ntsha tshiab no tsis kho, koj qhov muag yuav maj mam pom kev thiab thaum kawg yuav ploj mus. Qhov ntawd yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam loj rau koj lub neej, puas yog?

Muaj ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau seb kev kho mob puas yuav ua tiav. Cov no suav nrog qhov twg cov ntshav txhaws, nws hnyav npaum li cas, koj lub hnub nyoog, thiab seb koj puas muaj lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Thaum kuaj pom thiab kho sai npaum li cas, qhov tshwm sim zoo dua.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog tias koj cia li tsis pom kev, mob qhov muag heev, lossis kub hnyiab hauv koj lub qhov muag uas ua rau pom teeb tsis tau, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj qhov kev pom kev (piv txwv li, pom tsis meej, muaj cov pob dub), lossis lwm yam tsos mob uas koj xav tias yuav yog teeb meem, mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag tam sim ntawd.

Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau mus kuaj qhov muag tsis tu ncua raws li koj tus kws kho qhov muag pom zoo. Yog tias koj muaj feem yuav muaj qee yam mob qhov muag (piv txwv li, ntshav qab zib, keeb kwm tsev neeg ntawm AMD), koj yuav tsum mus kuaj ntau zaus dua.

"Neovascularization" thiab "Angiogenesis" puas yog ob yam sib txawv?

Qhov no yog ib qho kev kawm tob me ntsis, tab sis kom hais yooj yim, '(Angiogenesis)' yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshiab tawg tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas twb muaj lawm. '(Vasculogenesis)' yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshiab pib los ntawm cov cell (zoo li pib los ntawm kos). '(Neovascularization)' siv tau los tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab ob txoj kev. Yog li '(Neovascularization)' yog ib lo lus dav me ntsis, thiab nws tuaj yeem suav nrog txhua hom kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab no.

Cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm zaj dab neeg no yog

Yog li, peb tau tham ntau txog qhov mob no hu ua "Neovascularization of the Eye", qhov twg cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag. Txawm hais tias qhov no yuav zoo li txaus ntshai me ntsis, yog tias paub thiab kho thaum lub sijhawm zoo, muaj feem ntau uas qhov mob tuaj yeem tswj tau thiab pom kev tuaj yeem khaws cia.

• Yog koj pom kev hloov pauv sai sai, liab, mob, lossis pom tsis meej thaum lub teeb ci ntsa iab, tsis txhob ncua sijhawm. Mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag tam sim ntawd.
• Yog koj muaj tej yam mob xws li ntshav qab zib, hyperopia, lossis keeb kwm tsev neeg muaj AMD, mus kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag tsis tu ncua raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia.
• Siv cov tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob sau kom raug, ua raws li nws cov lus qhia, thiab tsis txhob tsum kev kho mob ib nrab.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li. Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau lub qhov muag puas tsuaj heev, tshwj xeeb yog rau cov mob xws li AMD thiab kab mob qhov muag ntshav qab zib.
• Kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua tsis yog tsuas yog zoo rau koj lub qhov muag xwb, tab sis kuj zoo rau koj lub cev tag nrho. Noj zaub ntsuab, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab ntses uas muaj omega-3 ntau hauv koj cov zaub mov.

Nco ntsoov tias, koj ob lub qhov muag muaj nqis heev. Lawv yog cov khoom muaj nqis tshaj plaws uas peb muaj los saib lub ntiaj teb. Yog li ntawd, nws yog koj lub luag haujlwm los saib xyuas lawv kom zoo. Yog tias koj paub ua ntej thiab ua cov kauj ruam tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem zam ntau yam teeb meem.

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