Puas muaj ib tug kws kho mob twg tau qhia rau koj lossis koj ib tug phooj ywg tias lawv muaj 'lub plawv thaiv'? Tej zaum koj tus kheej yuav hnov qhov nruj hauv koj lub hauv siab, mob, thiab ua pa nyuaj thaum koj nce ntaiv lossis siv zog me ntsis? Hnub no peb yuav tham txog kev kho mob uas cov kws kho mob hu ua 'Angioplasty' lossis 'PCI'. Tsis txhob ntshai thaum koj hnov lub npe no, qhov no tsis yog kev phais loj lossis kev phais mob hnyav li koj xav. Cia peb tham txog txhua yam yooj yim.
PCI yog dab tsi? Hais yooj yim xwb...
Hais yooj yim xwb, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas tshem tawm qhov txhaws hauv cov hlab ntsha uas nqa ntshav mus rau lub plawv (peb hu cov no ua cov hlab ntsha coronary) thiab cia cov ntshav rov qab ntws. Xav txog nws zoo li cov yeeb nkab dej uas muaj qhov txhaws hauv nws thiab tsis ntws zoo. PCI zoo li tshem tawm qhov txhaws thiab ntxuav cov yeeb nkab dua.
Muaj coob tus neeg paub txog kev kho mob no ua angioplasty . Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov txog nws ua ntej lawm. Nws yog kev siv ib lub raj nyias nyias (catheter) los ntawm cov leeg ntshav hauv koj txhais caj npab lossis ceg mus rau cov hlab ntshav nqaim hauv koj lub plawv, thiab tom qab ntawd tshuab ib lub pob me me ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub raj kom nthuav qhov chaw nqaim.
Tom qab cov hlab ntsha loj zuj zus lawm, yuav muab ib lub raj me me zoo li daim ntaub mesh tso rau hauv qhov chaw kom nws tsis txhob vau dua. Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua stent . Nws zoo li ib qho kev txhawb nqa hauv lub qhov av uas yuav vau.
Ntau cov stents tshiab muaj cov tshuaj nyob hauv lawv uas txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha rov qab raug thaiv dua. Peb hu cov no ua 'tshuab tshem tshuaj'. Qhov no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua.
Leej twg xav tau kev kho mob no?
Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov khoom xws li roj thiab cov roj cholesterol sib sau ua ke hauv peb cov hlab ntsha, tsim ib txheej tuab. Nws zoo li xeb sib sau ua ke hauv ib lub yeeb nkab dej qub. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu cov txheej no ua 'plaque. ' Qhov mob uas cov plaques no sib sau ua ke hauv cov hlab ntsha, ua rau cov phab ntsa nqaim thiab tuab, hu ua atherosclerosis .
Qhov no ua rau cov leeg ntshav nqaim thiab lub plawv tsis tau txais cov ntshav txaus. Qhov no yog thaum:
- Thaum koj siv zog me ntsis, nce ntaiv, lossis taug kev sai sai, koj yuav hnov mob lossis nruj hauv koj lub hauv siab . Qhov no hu ua angina .
- Ua pa nyuaj zuj zus, kuv xav tias kuv yuav vwm lawm.
Rau cov neeg uas muaj cov tsos mob no, kev kho mob PCI yog ua los tshem tawm qhov thaiv thiab rov qab cov ntshav ntws.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub plawv nres tam sim ntawdPCI yog ib txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb uas cawm tau ib tus neeg uas muaj mob plawv nres. Mob plawv nres yog thaum cov hlab ntsha raug thaiv tag, txiav cov ntshav ntws mus rau ib feem ntawm lub plawv. Tom qab ntawd, qhov kev thaiv yuav tsum tau qhib sai li sai tau thiab cov ntshav tuaj yeem raug nqus mus rau hauv. PCI tuaj yeem ua qhov ntawd sai thiab txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau lub plawv.
Puas muaj tej rooj plaub uas yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kev kho mob PCI?
Koj tus kws kho mob plawv yuav txiav txim siab seb koj puas xav tau qhov no, seb koj puas tuaj yeem tswj hwm nws nrog tshuaj nkaus xwb, lossis seb koj puas xav tau kev phais loj hu ua coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Qhov no txawv rau txhua tus neeg.
Thaum txiav txim siab li ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav xav txog cov yam no:
- Koj cov leeg ntshav muaj pes tsawg tus raug thaiv, qhov kev thaiv no hnyav npaum li cas, thiab lawv nyob qhov twg.
- Sib nrug ntawm kab mob plawv, koj puas muaj lwm yam kab mob xws li ntshav qab zib lossis kab mob raum?
- Koj cov leeg plawv ua haujlwm li cas, xws li koj lub hnub nyoog.
Yog li ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia rau koj seb kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
Ua ntej kho mob, koj yuav tsum ua li cas?
Tshwj tsis yog tias nws yog mob plawv nres tam sim ntawd, koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab qee cov lus qhia rau koj txog yuav ua li cas npaj rau qhov no.
- Kev Noj Haus: Feem ntau koj yuav raug hais kom tsum tsis txhob noj thiab haus dej li 6-8 teev ua ntej kev kho mob.
- Tshuaj: Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias yog koj noj cov tshuaj ua kom cov ntshav nyias lossis lwm yam tshuaj, koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob. Lawv yuav hais kom koj tsum tsis txhob noj ob peb hnub ua ntej koj txoj kev kho mob. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav muaj kev los ntshav ntau ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm kho mob. Koj yuav tsum ua qhov no raws nraim li koj tus kws kho mob qhia rau koj. Tsis txhob tsum lossis hloov koj cov tshuaj ntawm koj tus kheej.
Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm kho mob?
Tsis txhob ntshai thaum koj hnov qhov no, nws tsis yog ib qho teeb meem loj li koj xav. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tau txais kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho cov kab mob plawv (Interventional Cardiologist). Koj yuav tau txais tshuaj loog me me kom koj so thiab nyob twj ywm. Yog li koj yuav tsis hnov mob, tab sis koj yuav tsim. Koj yuav hnov qhov kws kho mob hais.
Nov yog cov kauj ruam yooj yim ntawm kev kho mob:
| Cov kauj ruam | Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim? |
|---|---|
| 1. Tau txais kev nkag mus | Ib lub raj me me (sheath) raug ntxig rau hauv cov leeg ntshav loj hauv koj txhais caj npab, ze ntawm koj lub dab teg (radial artery) lossis hauv koj lub qhov ncauj (femoral artery). Qhov no zoo li lub qhov rooj uas lwm cov cuab yeej hla dhau. |
| 2. Xa lub catheter | Ib lub raj me me (catheter) uas nyias heev thiab yoog tau raug muab tso rau hauv lub plawv thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv. Koj yuav tsis hnov qhov no. |
| 3. Kev saib xyuas lub thaiv | Ib yam kua tshwj xeeb (contrast dye) uas pom tseeb ntawm daim duab X-ray raug txhaj rau hauv cov leeg ntshav los ntawm lub catheter. Tus kws kho mob mam li pom tseeb tias cov leeg ntshav nyob qhov twg thiab nws raug thaiv npaum li cas ntawm lub vijtsam X-ray. |
| 4. Qhib cov hlab ntsha | Tom ntej no, lwm txoj hlau nyias nyias uas muaj lub npas yuav raug hla dhau lub thaiv, thiab lub npas yuav raug cua kom nias cov ntshav uas raug kaw rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov leeg ntshav, tsim ib txoj kev rau cov ntshav ntws. |
| 5. Tso lub stent | Yuav kom cov hlab ntsha tsis txhob raug thaiv dua, ib lub stent raug ntxig thiab kho rau hauv qhov qhib. |
| 6. Kev Ua Tiav | Thaum ua tiav txoj haujlwm lawm, lub catheter thiab lwm yam khoom siv raug tshem tawm, nias rau ntawm qhov chaw uas lub raj tau ntxig, thiab muab ib daim ntaub qhwv rau. |
Tag nrho cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem siv sijhawm txij li 30 feeb mus txog ob teev, nyob ntawm seb qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev txhaws hauv koj cov leeg ntshav.
Tom qab kho mob tas lawm, muaj dab tsi tshwm sim?
Tom qab PCI, koj yuav raug khaws cia rau hauv thaj chaw kho mob ob peb teev kom saib xyuas koj lub plawv dhia thiab ntshav siab. Tej zaum yuav muaj qee qhov mob lossis mob qhov twg tau ntxig lub catheter. Qhov no yog qhov ib txwm muaj thiab yuav ploj mus hauv ob peb hnub. Feem ntau, koj yuav muaj peev xwm mus tsev tib hmos lossis tag kis sawv ntxov.
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kho mob no yog dab tsi?
Ib yam li kev kho mob twg los xij, qhov no muaj cov txiaj ntsig thiab me me kev pheej hmoo.
Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb
- Rov Zoo Sai: Vim tias qhov no tsis yog kev phais loj, koj tuaj yeem rov zoo thiab rov qab mus rau lub neej ib txwm sai dua li kev phais bypass.
- Kev txo cov tsos mob: Tej yam xws li mob hauv siab (angina) thiab ua tsis taus pa thaum ua haujlwm (dyspnea) tau txo qis heev.
- Txuag txoj sia: Qhov no tuaj yeem cawm txoj sia los ntawm kev txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau lub plawv thaum muaj mob plawv nres.
Tej yam txaus ntshai uas yuav tshwm sim
Txawm hais tias PCI yog ib qho txheej txheem muaj kev nyab xeeb heev , muaj ob peb qhov teeb meem tsis tshua muaj uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
- Los ntshav los yog muaj kab mob ntawm qhov chaw ntxig lub raj.
- Cov ntshav txhaws tsim sab hauv lub stent (muaj tshuaj los tiv thaiv qhov no).
- Cov hlab ntsha uas tau kho lawm rov raug thaiv dua raws sijhawm.
- Kev puas tsuaj rau lub raum (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas muaj kab mob raum ua ntej lawm).
- Tsis tshua muaj, mob stroke tshwm sim.
Tiam sis nco ntsoov, thaum cov kws kho mob siv lub stent uas yaj cov tshuaj, qhov muaj feem uas cov hlab ntsha yuav raug thaiv dua yog tsawg dua 5%. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias hauv 95 ntawm 100 rooj plaub, qhov teeb meem yuav tsis tshwm sim.
Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los kho thiab kuv yuav tsum txhawj txog dab tsi?
Feem ntau koj tuaj yeem rov qab mus ua koj tej dej num li qub tau hauv ib lub lim tiam. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj ib txoj haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau nqa khoom hnyav lossis siv zog ua haujlwm, nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev ua ntej koj rov qab mus ua haujlwm tau. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.
Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws:
Tom qab kho tas, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom koj noj cov tshuaj anticoagulant (xws li Clopidogrel, Prasugrel, Ticagrelor). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj no raws li tau sau tseg, tsis txhob ncua ib hnub. Cov tshuaj no tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws hauv lub stent. Yog li ntawd, ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom meej.
Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob dua thaum twg?
Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no tom qab mus tsev tom qab kho mob tas, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd lossis mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ze tshaj plaws.
| Cov tsos mob uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas |
|---|
| Muaj kev los ntshav tas li, cov kua dej zoo li kua qaub tawm ntawm qhov chaw uas tau ntxig lub raj, lossis o ntau dhau ntawm qhov chaw. |
| Rov qab mob hauv siab (angina) lossis ua tsis taus pa zoo li ua ntej kho mob. |
| Mob khaub thuas thiab kub taub hau. |
| Qhov loog los yog txias ntawm caj npab los yog ceg qhov chaw uas tau ntxig lub raj. |
| Kiv taub hau los yog tsaus muag (syncope). |
| Ua pa nyuaj (dyspnea) tshiab pib muaj. |
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- PCI yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas tsis tas phais, zoo heev thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev qhib cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub plawv.
- Qhov no yuav txo tau cov tsos mob xws li mob hauv siab thiab ua tsis taus pa. Nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev cawm neeg txoj sia yog tias muaj mob plawv nres.
- Tom qab kho mob tas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias raws li tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg, tsis txhob ncua ib hnub twg. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau koj lub neej.
- Txawm tias tom qab kho mob lawm los, kev ua neej zoo (kev noj zaub mov kom sib npaug, kev tawm dag zog, tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv, thiab txo kev ntxhov siab) tuaj yeem pab tau ntau yam hauv kev tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha kom tsis txhob raug thaiv dua.
💬 Comments (0)
Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus