Koj puas feem ntau kiv taub hau yam tsis muaj laj thawj? Koj puas nkees heev? Koj puas khaus heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab da dej kub? Koj puas hnov lub suab nrov hauv koj pob ntseg? Peb feem ntau xav tias cov no yog qhov ib txwm muaj thiab peb tsis quav ntsej lawv. Tab sis qee zaum, tom qab cov tsos mob me me no, tej zaum yuav muaj ib qho mob uas peb tsis tau hnov dua thiab peb yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib qho kab mob zoo li no. Ntawd yog Polycythemia Vera , lossis luv luv PV .
Hais yooj yim xwb, polycythemia vera (PV) yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, polycythemia vera (PV) yog ib qho teeb meem ntshav hauv peb lub cev. Nws ua rau peb lub cev tsim cov qe ntshav liab ntau dhau . Tam sim no koj yuav xav tias, "Cov qe ntshav liab zoo rau lub cev, yog li yuav ua li cas thaum peb tsim ntau dhau?" Qhov ntawd yog qhov teeb meem.
Xav txog tias muaj ib txoj kev uas tuaj yeem thauj tau ib co tsheb. Yuav ua li cas yog tias koj muab ntau txhiab npaug ntawm txoj kev ntawd ntau dua li nws tuaj yeem thauj tau? Tag nrho txoj kev yuav raug thaiv, thiab cov tsheb yuav tsis tuaj yeem txav mus los, puas yog? Qhov ntawd yog qhov tshwm sim hauv peb cov hlab ntsha. Thaum muaj ntau cov qe ntshav liab, peb cov ntshav yuav tuab . Ib yam li ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum yog dej tuab zoo li zib ntab.
Qhov ntshav tuab no ua rau cov ntshav ntws qeeb heev. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws . Yog tias cov ntshav txhaws no mus rau lub plawv, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv nres, thiab yog tias nws mus rau lub hlwb, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob stroke. Tsis yog li ntawd xwb, tab sis nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li khaus tas li, suab nrov hauv pob ntseg, mob plab, ntshav ntswg, thiab pom tsis meej.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias qhov no yog ib qho mob ntev mus ib txhis uas tsis tuaj yeem kho tau tag nrho. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj! Nrog kev kho mob kom zoo, koj tuaj yeem tswj cov tsos mob no, txo koj cov kev pheej hmoo, thiab ua neej nyob li qub.
Qhov no puas yog mob qog noj ntshav tiag? Kuv puas yuav tsum txhawj?
Lo lus nug no yog ib yam uas ntau tus neeg muaj. Yog lawm, polycythemia vera yog ib hom mob qog ntshav. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu nws ua Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN) .
Tam sim no, thaum peb hnov lo lus "mob qog noj ntshav," peb ntshai heev. Qhov ntawd yog ib txwm muaj. Tab sis peb yuav tsum nkag siab tias tsis yog txhua yam mob qog noj ntshav zoo ib yam. Qee qhov loj hlob sai thiab ua phem heev. Tab sis PV yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas loj hlob qeeb heev . Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias nws tsis ua phem ib zaug. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no raug kuaj pom tom qab muaj hnub nyoog 60 xyoo.
Es tsis txhob tuag los ntawm tus kab mob no nws tus kheej, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntau dua los ntawm cov teeb meem xws li mob plawv nres thiab mob hlwb los ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, uas peb tau tham ua ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis tshua muaj, tus mob no tuaj yeem hloov mus ua lwm hom mob qog ntshav loj. Tab sis qhov ntawd tshwm sim rau feem pua me me xwb. Yog li, txawm tias nws hu ua "mob qog ntshav," qhov no yog tus mob uas tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo nrog kev kho mob kom zoo.
Tus kab mob no cuam tshuam li cas rau peb lub cev thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo dab tsi?
Tam sim no cia peb saib seb qhov kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov qe ntshav liab no cuam tshuam li cas rau ntau qhov ntawm peb lub cev.
- Ntshav txhaws: Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Thaum ntshav txhaws, lub plawv yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav dua los nqus ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntshav ntws los ntawm lub cev cov hlab ntsha me me txo qis. Qhov no txhais tau tias peb cov kabmob thiab cov nqaij tau txais oxygen tsawg dua .
- Spleen Ua Haujlwm Ntau Dhau: Ib qho ntawm peb lub cev lub cev hu ua spleen yog lim cov qe ntshav qub thiab puas lawm. Tam sim no, thaum muaj ntau cov qe ntshav liab tsim tawm, tus spleen dhau los ua ntau dhau. Nws zoo li sim lim ntau cov av los ntawm ib lub lim thiab nws raug txhaws. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tus spleen o. Peb hu nws splenomegaly . Tom qab ntawd koj yuav hnov qhov hnyav thiab mob nyob rau sab laug ntawm koj lub plab.
Cia peb saib lub rooj hauv qab no kom pom tias qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb thiab teeb meem ntawm tus mob PV no yuav yog dab tsi.
| Kev Pheej Hmoo/Teeb Meem | Piav qhia yooj yim xwb |
|---|---|
| Cov Ntshav Txhaws | Qhov no yog qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb thiab tam sim ntawd tshaj plaws . Yog tias cov ntshav txhaws mus rau lub hlwb, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob stroke, yog tias nws mus rau lub plawv, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv nres, thiab yog tias nws daig hauv lub ntsws, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob pulmonary embolism. |
| Cov Xwm Txheej Thib Ob | Thaum cov qe ntshav liab raug rhuav tshem ntau dhau , cov uric acid hauv lub cev yuav nce ntxiv. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob pob qij txha xws li mob gout thiab pob zeb hauv lub raum. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub hauv plab ntau ntxiv thiab ua rau mob plab. |
| Kev hloov pauv mus rau lwm yam mob qog ntshav | Qhov no tsis tshua muaj. Rau qee tus neeg (feem pua me me), dhau sijhawm qhov mob no tuaj yeem hloov mus ua mob qog ntshav loj xws li myelofibrosis lossis, tsis tshua muaj, mob qog ntshav myeloid leukemia (AML). |
Cov mob no muaj pes tsawg tus neeg mob?
PV feem ntau qeeb qeeb dhau ntau theem.
1. PV Thaum Ntxov: Nyob rau theem no, feem ntau cov neeg tsis muaj tsos mob li . Los yog lawv tsuas muaj cov tsos mob me me xwb, xws li kiv taub hau thiab qaug zog. Qee zaum nws pom tau los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav rau lwm yam mob.
2. PV nce qib: Cov tsos mob maj mam nce ntxiv mus raws sijhawm. Cov tsos mob xws li khaus, poob phaus, thiab tsis xis nyob hauv plab vim yog lub qhov ntswg loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm no.
3. Theem kawg ("Theem Siv Lawm"): Qhov no nyuaj me ntsis. Tom qab ntau xyoo, cov hlwb tsis zoo uas ua rau muaj tus kab mob no tau kis mus thoob plaws peb cov pob txha, ua rau cov pob txha puas tsuaj. Cov pob txha zoo li lub Hoobkas uas peb cov qe ntshav tau tsim. Thaum lub Hoobkas no raug puas tsuaj, cov nqaij caws pliav tsim nyob rau hauv nws. Tom qab ntawd, cov qe ntshav noj qab haus huv tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau. Qhov xav tsis thoob, tus kab mob uas pib nrog kev tsim cov qe ntshav liab ntau dhau thaum kawg ua rau muaj mob uas tsis muaj cov qe ntshav liab txaus, uas yog ntshav tsis txaus .
Cov tsos mob twg uas tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau?
Cov tsos mob ntawm PV feem ntau tshwm sim qeeb qeeb raws sijhawm. Ib txhia neeg tuaj yeem nyob tau ntau xyoo yam tsis muaj tsos mob. Cia peb saib seb cov tsos mob no yog dab tsi.
| Hom cwj pwm | Piv txwv |
|---|---|
| Cov yam ntxwv feem ntau uas tshwm sim ua ntej | |
| Cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim ntau zaus | Mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, qaug zog heev, ntshav siab, pom kev tsis meej. |
| Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas yuav tshwm sim tom qab | |
| Kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij | Khaus khaus heev, liab, thiab o ntawm tes thiab taw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab da dej hauv dej kub . |
| Lwm yam nta | Tawm hws ntau dhau thaum hmo ntuj, ua pa nyuaj (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pw), los ntshav ntswg thiab los ntshav ntawm cov pos hniav, thiab poob phaus yam tsis paub ua. |
| Cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim nrog cov teeb meem | |
| Splenomegaly | Mob plab sab laug sab saud, o, xav tias puv txawm tias noj me ntsis lawm los xij. |
| Ntshav txhaws (DVT) | O, liab, mob caj npab los yog ceg. |
| Mob pob qij txha | Mob thiab o ntawm cov pob qij txha, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tus ntiv taw loj. |
Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Yog vim li cas?
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov no yog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces hauv cov hlwb pob txha. Zoo li ib kab ntawm cov lej hauv ib qho kev pab cuam hauv computer ua yuam kev. Tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov kev pab cuam ua tsis tiav.
Muaj cov noob caj noob ces uas qhia peb cov qe ntshav kom loj hlob. Ntau tshaj 90% ntawm cov neeg mob PV muaj kev hloov pauv hauv ib lub noob hu ua JAK2 . Vim yog qhov kev qhia tsis raug no, cov pob txha tau txais cov lus txib, "Txuas ntxiv tsim cov qe ntshav liab, tsis txhob tsum." Yog li cov qe ntshav liab raug tsim tawm ntawm kev tswj hwm.
Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces no feem ntau tsis yog los ntawm niam los . Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog los ntawm niam mus rau txiv. Qhov kev hloov pauv no tshwm sim thaum lub neej tseem muaj sia nyob, vim qee qhov laj thawj tsis paub.
Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj mob no li cas kom meej?
Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj txog koj cov tsos mob ua ntej. Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav ua qee qhov kev kuaj mob kom paub tseeb tias koj tau kuaj pom. Raws li Lub Koom Haum Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb (WHO), yuav tsum ua tiav peb yam kev cai los kuaj pom PV.
1. Kev Kuaj Ntshav: Qhov no yog thawj qhov kev kuaj thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nws xyuas seb koj cov qe ntshav liab puas siab dhau.
- Cov hemoglobin ntau ntau.
- Hematocrit nce ntxiv (feem pua ntawm cov qe ntshav liab hauv cov ntshav).
2. Kev Kuaj Mob Pob Txha: Yuav muab ib qho qauv me me ntawm cov pob txha los ntawm pob txha ntawm lub duav thiab kuaj hauv lub tshuab microscope kom pom seb puas muaj cov hlwb txawv txav hauv cov pob txha.
3. Kev kuaj noob caj noob ces lossis cov tshuaj hormones:
- Ib qho kev kuaj noob caj noob ces raug ua los xyuas seb puas muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm JAK2 gene .
- Los yog, lawv saib qib ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hu ua erythropoietin (EPO), uas yog tsim los ntawm lub raum. Cov tshuaj hormones no qhia rau cov pob txha kom ua cov qe ntshav liab. Hauv PV, lub cev tsis tsim cov tshuaj hormones no vim tias cov qe ntshav liab raug tsim tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, EPO qib qis heev.
Cov kev kho mob rau qhov no yog dab tsi?
Muaj ob lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob PV. Ib qho yog kom txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, thiab qhov thib ob yog kom tswj cov tsos mob uas ua rau mob.
- Kev Siv Ntshav - Kev Tshem Tawm Ntshav: Qhov no yog txoj kev kho mob uas siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab yooj yim tshaj plaws. Ib yam li kev pub ntshav, yuav muab me ntsis ntshav (feem ntau yog li ib pint) tshem tawm ntawm koj lub cev tsis tu ncua . Qhov no tuaj yeem txo qhov ceev ntawm koj cov ntshav thiab tus lej ntawm cov qe ntshav liab.
- Tshuaj aspirin tsawg tsawg: Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom noj tshuaj aspirin tsawg tsawg txhua hnub kom tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav tsis tsim nyog yog tias koj muaj teeb meem xws li mob plab.
- Cov tshuaj txo cov qe ntshav liab: Yog tias tus kab mob hnyav heev lossis yog tias kev hloov ntshav xwb tsis txaus, cov tshuaj uas txo cov qe ntshav liab tsim tawm yuav muab rau. Piv txwv li suav nrog hydroxyurea thiab interferon alfa .
- Kev Kho Mob Rau Qhov Khaus: Tej zaum yuav muaj tshuaj Antihistamines lossis lwm yam tshuaj tshwj xeeb los tswj qhov khaus hnyav.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb cov kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj, yog li nco ntsoov nrhiav kev kho mob raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia xwb.
Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj li nyob tau zoo nrog tus kab mob no?
Thaum koj paub tias koj muaj tus kab mob no lawm, muaj ntau yam koj ua tau los ua neej nrog nws.
- Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua: Mus rau cov chaw kho mob raws sijhawm, mus kuaj ntshav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau koj tus kws kho mob los saib xyuas koj tus mob.
- Kev Ua Si: Kev ua si nruab nrab tuaj yeem pab tswj kom cov ntshav ncig zoo.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb: Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws.
- Tsis txhob mus rau tej chaw uas muaj cov pa oxygen tsawg: Tej chaw siab xws li cov roob siab muaj cov pa oxygen tsawg. Tsis txhob mus rau tej chaw zoo li no.
- Tswj ntshav siab: Kev tswj lub cev qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo tuaj yeem pab tswj ntshav siab.
- Haus dej ntau: Kev qhuav dej tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav txhaws ntau ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, haus dej ntau thoob plaws hnub.
Txawm hais tias PV yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav, ntau tus neeg nyob zoo tau ntau xyoo tom qab kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob no. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog cov teeb meem los ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, kev tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv yog qhov tseem ceeb ib yam li kev kho mob rau tus kab mob no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Polycythemia vera (PV) yog ib hom mob qog ntshav uas loj hlob qeeb uas ua rau lub cev tsim cov qe ntshav liab ntau dhau.
- Tsis txhob ntshai lo lus "mob qog noj ntshav." Yog tias koj kho thiab tswj koj tus mob kom zoo, koj yuav muaj sia nyob tau ntau xyoo.
- Qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb thiab tam sim ntawd tshaj plaws ntawm tus kab mob no yog cov ntshav txhaws, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua kom cov ntshav tuab. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob plawv thiab mob hlwb.
- Cov tsos mob uas pom ntau muaj xws li khaus heev, mob taub hau ntau zaus, thiab kiv taub hau tom qab da dej hauv dej kub.
- Kev kho mob suav nrog kev rho cov ntshav tawm (phlebotomy) tsis tu ncua thiab tshuaj kom tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau sib cuag nrog koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua thiab tau txais kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob kom raug.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb, tawm dag zog, thiab ua neej noj qab nyob zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj tus kab mob.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus