Peb puas yuav tham txog kev mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub raum?

Koj puas muaj ntshav siab (hypertension)? Koj puas xav tias koj muaj teeb meem tswj nws txawm tias tom qab noj ntau yam tshuaj lawm? Los yog tus kws kho mob puas tau hais rau koj tias koj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm zoo yam tsis muaj laj thawj? Qee zaum qhov ua rau muaj cov teeb meem no yog ib qho mob uas peb tsis tham txog ntau, tab sis nws tseem ceeb heev. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog nws. Qhov ntawd yog qhov nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas mus rau lub raum, hauv kev kho mob peb hu qhov no Renal Artery Stenosis.

Hais yooj yim xwb, Renal Artery Stenosis yog dab tsi?

Zoo, cia peb nkag siab qhov no li no. Ob lub raum hauv peb lub cev zoo li ob lub lim dej. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub raum yog lim cov khoom pov tseg hauv lub cev los ntawm cov ntshav thiab tso tawm ua zis. Yuav kom ua txoj haujlwm no kom raug, lub raum yuav tsum tau txais cov ntshav zoo. Muaj ob lub hlab ntsha tseem ceeb uas nqa cov ntshav los ntawm peb lub plawv mus rau lub raum. Peb hu cov no ua 'Renails Arteries'.

Kab mob raum hlab ntsha txhaws yog ib qho mob uas ib lossis ob qho hlab ntsha uas nqa ntshav mus rau lub raum raug nqaim los ntawm sab hauv. Nws zoo li cov yeeb nkab dej raug txhaws nrog av. Thaum cov hlab ntsha raug txhaws zoo li no, lub raum tsis tau txais cov ntshav uas lawv xav tau. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ob qho teeb meem tseem ceeb:

1. Ntshav Siab: Thaum cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub raum txo qis, lub raum xav tias cov ntshav siab hauv lub cev tag nrho tau txo qis. Yog li lawv tso tawm cov tshuaj hormones los sim ua kom cov ntshav siab hauv lub cev nce ntxiv. Qhov no ua rau muaj ntshav siab uas nyuaj rau tswj.

2. Kev puas tsuaj rau lub raum: Thaum cov ntshav tsis muab cov as-ham thiab oxygen tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm ntev, cov hlwb hauv lub raum pib puas tsuaj. Yog tias qhov no txuas ntxiv mus, nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau kab mob raum ntev thiab thaum kawg ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob no tshaj?

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov no yog ib qho mob hu ua Atherosclerosis . Xav txog cov yeeb nkab dej hauv peb lub dab dej hauv chav ua noj. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov khoom xws li roj thiab av qias neeg yuav daig rau hauv nws thiab daig rau hauv cov yeeb nkab, puas yog? Tib yam tshwm sim hauv peb cov hlab ntsha. Cov khoom tsis xav tau xws li roj thiab cholesterol hauv cov zaub mov uas peb noj yuav daig rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha zoo li ib daim tawv nqaij. Peb hu qhov no ua 'plaque'. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov plaque no yuav sib sau ua ke thiab txo qhov chaw hauv cov hlab ntsha. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsha uas nqa cov ntshav mus rau lub raum, Renal Artery Stenosis tshwm sim.

Yog li, txhua yam uas ua rau muaj atherosclerosis kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob raum artery stenosis. Cia peb saib seb cov ntawd yog dab tsi.

Ntxiv rau qhov atherosclerosis, tus kab mob no kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj hu ua Fibromuscular Dysplasia . Qhov no yog thaum cov hlwb hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj hlob tsis zoo, ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim. Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov poj niam.

Cov tsos mob yog dab tsi? Koj paub li cas yog tias koj muaj?

Nov yog qhov teeb meem loj. Kev mob raum tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob kom txog thaum nws hnyav heev. Tsuas yog thaum cov hlab ntsha nqaim dhau lawm xwb ces teeb meem pib tshwm sim. Cov teeb meem uas peb tau tham txog ua ntej yog ntshav siab thiab lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Thaum koj lub raum ua haujlwm tsis zoo, koj yuav muaj cov tsos mob xws li:

• O ntawm qee qhov ntawm lub cev: tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ob txhais ceg, pob luj taws, thiab qee zaum lub ntsej muag (o).
• Qaug zog thiab tsaug zog: Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias qaug zog txhua lub sijhawm vim yog cov khoom pov tseg hauv lub cev.
• Ua pa nyuaj: Qhov mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kua dej sib sau ua ke hauv lub ntsws.
• Tsis qab los noj mov, xeev siab, thiab ntuav.
• Nyuaj siab tsom ntsoov, poob siab.
• Tso zis ntau zaus lossis tsis tshua muaj.
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij: Daim tawv nqaij qhuav, khaus, lossis daim tawv nqaij dub.
• Ua nyias nyias tsis muaj laj thawj.
• Mob taub hau ntau zaus.
• Mob nqaij ntshiv.

Tus kws kho mob kuaj mob li cas?

Thaum koj mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob, nws yuav xav tias qhov no yog vim koj cov tsos mob thiab cov yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav kuaj ob peb zaug kom paub meej tias muaj tus mob no.

1. Kev kuaj lub cev: Tus kws kho mob yuav ntsuas koj cov ntshav siab. Lub stethoscope yuav muab tso rau hauv koj lub plab, nyob rau saum koj lub raum, thiab lawv yuav mloog lub suab 'whoosh' tshwj xeeb, uas yog lub suab ntawm cov ntshav ntws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha nqaim.

2. Kev Kuaj Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Lub Raum: Cov ntshav thiab cov zis kuaj rau qhov no. Lawv nrhiav cov khoom pov tseg xws li creatinine thiab urea hauv cov ntshav, thiab cov protein hauv cov zis. Cov no tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim seb lub raum puas tau puas lawm.

3. Kev Ntsuas Duab: Qhov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los txiav txim siab seb cov leeg ntshav puas raug thaiv.

• Duplex Ultrasound: Qhov no siv cov suab nthwv dej los thaij duab ntawm cov leeg ntshav uas nqa cov ntshav mus rau lub raum, xyuas seb cov ntshav ntws li cas thiab seb cov leeg ntshav puas raug thaiv.
• CT angiography (CTA): Kev kuaj CT scan yog ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau hauv lub cev. Qhov no tsim cov duab 3D ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab tuaj yeem pom meej meej cov cheeb tsam uas raug thaiv.
• MR Angiography (MRA): Qhov no zoo ib yam li CTA, tab sis nws siv lub zog sib nqus.

Cov kev kho mob rau qhov no yog dab tsi?

Kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb koj cov hlab ntsha raug thaiv npaum li cas, koj cov tsos mob zoo li cas, thiab koj lub raum puas tsuaj npaum li cas. Muaj peb hom kev kho mob tseem ceeb.

1. Kev hloov pauv txoj kev ua neej

Qhov no yog lub hauv paus, vim tias nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los tswj cov laj thawj tseem ceeb, atherosclerosis.

• Kev noj zaub mov zoo: Ua tib zoo xaiv cov khoom noj uas muaj ntsev, qab zib, roj, thiab roj cholesterol tsawg. Noj ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, taum pauv, thiab cov nplej tag nrho hauv koj cov zaub mov.
• Kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua: Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum koom nrog kev tawm dag zog yooj yim, xws li kev taug kev tsawg kawg 30 feeb hauv ib hnub.
• Kev Tswj Qhov Hnyav: Yog tias koj rog dhau, kev poob phaus tuaj yeem pab tswj cov ntshav siab, cov roj cholesterol, thiab ntshav qab zib.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li: Qhov no yog ib yam uas koj yuav tsum ua.

2. Cov tshuaj (hom tshuaj)

Nrog rau kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntau yam tshuaj rau koj.

• Cov tshuaj kho ntshav siab: Cov tshuaj ACE inhibitors thiab ARBs yog cov tshuaj uas siv ntau tshaj plaws. Cov no thaiv cov tshuaj hormones uas ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim. Lwm cov tshuaj xws li beta-blockers thiab calcium channel blockers kuj siv tau.
• Cov tshuaj txo cov roj cholesterol: Ib pawg tshuaj hu ua statins txo cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav thiab tswj cov plaque buildup.
• Cov tshuaj Anticoagulants: Cov tshuaj xws li aspirin ua rau cov ntshav nyias thiab ua rau cov ntshav ntws tau yooj yim dua los ntawm cov leeg ntshav nqaim.
• Cov tshuaj diuretics: Cov no pab txo cov ntshav siab los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov dej thiab ntsev ntau dhau ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov zis.

3. Kev phais mob lossis lwm yam kev kho mob

Yog tias qhov kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj txaus uas nws tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau nrog kev siv tshuaj thiab kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej, lossis yog tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum poob qis sai sai, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom phais.

• Angioplasty thiab Stenting: Qhov no yog kev kho mob feem ntau. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, ib lub raj nyias nyias (catheter) raug xa mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv ceg lossis caj npab mus rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub raum uas raug thaiv. Ib lub pob me me ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub raj raug cua kom nthuav qhov chaw raug thaiv. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub raj me me zoo li daim ntaub mesh (stent) raug muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha kom nws tsis txhob kaw dua.
• Kev Kho Mob Raum: Ib yam li kev kho mob plawv, cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev tsim txoj hauv kev tshiab rau cov ntshav hla cov hlab ntsha uas raug thaiv. Qhov no suav nrog kev siv ib txoj hlab ntsha uas tau los ntawm lwm qhov ntawm lub cev lossis ib lub raj dag.
• Renal Endarterectomy: Qhov no yog ib txoj kev phais uas qhib cov hlab ntsha thiab tshem tawm cov plaque uas tau tsim sab hauv.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd?

Yog koj paub tias koj muaj Renal Artery Stenosis, lossis yog koj muaj kab mob raum, thiab muaj cov tsos mob hauv qab no , mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd lossis mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws.

Qhov mob no yuav hnyav zuj zus tuaj raws sijhawm. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog nws thaum ntxov thiab ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom zoo. Yog tias koj ua li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau koj lub raum thiab ua neej nyob li qub.