I thisenah cancer cell i nei em? Immunophenotyping test hian eng nge a hmuhchhuah?

I doctor chuan i Complete Blood Count (CBC) a en a, i thisen var cell count a sang deuh emaw, a pangngai lo angin a lang emaw a ti em? Tin, chutah chuan test pakhat hming mak tak `Immunophenotyping` tih chu a sawi a? Chu hming i hriat chuan hlauthawng deuh i nei ngei ang, hei hi eng ang fiahna nge ni tih i ngaihtuah a ni. Thil awmze nei tak a ni. Chuvangin vawiin hian he test `Immunophenotyping` tih hi awlsam takin, i hriatthiam theih angin i sawi dawn nia.

Immunophenotyping tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, `Immunophenotyping` hi specialized lab test a ni a, kan taksa chhunga cell awmte, a bik takin thisen var cell te hi cancer an nih leh nih loh enin an enfiah thin. Hei hian thisen kaihhnawih cancer, leukemia leh lymphoma te hriatchhuahna kawngah a pui hle.

He test-ah hian pathologist, tissue leh cell lama tui tak doctor chuan i thisen var chung lamah protein bik ``antigens'' an tih chu a zawng a. Heng ``antigens'' te awmna te, leh ``antigens'' chi hrang hrang awm te hian cell sawi tur hi a hrisel em tih leh cancer a ni em tih hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.

`Immunophenotyping` tih thumal awmzia kan en chuan hei hi kan sawifiah belh thei ang:

• Immuno: Hei hian kan immune system nena inzawm thil a kawk a ni . He test-ah hian a hmaa ka sawi tawh ``Antigens'' tih protein te hi kan immune system-a awm ve tho protein chi dang ``Antibodies'' tih hriatchhuah nan hman a ni. Hei hi chabi leh lock ang a ni. A tana siam key bik (Antibody) chauh hian lock bik (Antigen) a fit thei.

• Phenotype: Hei hian thil pakhat pawn lam, hmuh theih zia a kawk a ni. Chuvangin chu chabi (Antibody) chu lock (Antigen)-ah a inbun chuan kawng engemaw takin kan hmu thei a ni. Chu chu pathologist chuan a hmuh chuan a kaihhnawih lock, chu chu a kaihhnawih `(Antigen)` chu chu cell-ah chuan a awm tih a hria a ni.

Heng `(Antigens)` (locks) cancer cell-a awmte hi cell hrisel tak takte nen a danglam hle. Chuvangin heng `(Antigens)` chi hrang hrangte hi chiang taka hriatchhuahna hmang hian he test hian hei hi cancer cell a ni em tih chiang taka hriat theih nan a pui a, a nih chuan eng cancer chi nge a nih tih hriat chian a pui bawk.

Engtikah nge he test hi tih tur?

I thisen kimchang (CBC)-ah thisen var (white blood cell count) a san dan pangngai lo a awm chuan i doctor chuan he test hi a rawt fo ang. Hei hi thisen cancer thenkhat chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Chuvangin, ``Immunophenotyping`` test hian chu rinhlelhna chu a nemnghet thei a ni.

Hetiang method hi cancer zirchiannaah pawh a pawimawh hle. He technology hi ``Antigens`` thenkhat nei cancer cell te hian cancer dona damdawi hrang hrang, a bik takin ``Immunotherapy`` treatment te an dawn dan zirchian nan pawh hman a ni.

Engtin nge test hi tih a nih? Lab chhungah eng nge thleng?

He test-ah hian thil tenawm tak chauh i tih a ngai a ni. Chu chu test nana sample mamawh pekna tur a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan thil dang zawng zawng chu lab chhungah a thleng vek a ni. I ngaihtuah buai a ngai lo. A tlangpuiin he test hi tih nan hian technique lian pahnih hman a ni.

1. Flow Cytometry hmanga tih a ni

2. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) hmanga enkawl a ni.

Heng method pahnih ah hian eng nge thleng tih i lo en ang u.

Flow Cytometry hmanga thil tih dan

Hei hi hmanraw hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Hetiang hmang hian thisen emaw tissue atanga lak chhuah cell tam tak chu vawi khatah test theih a ni. Lab chhunga thil thlengte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Sample lak: Hei hi i ruhro (bone marrow biopsy) sample tlemte lak atanga tih a ni tlangpui. A nih loh leh, a tlangpuiin thisen tlemte ei hmangin. A châng chuan, spinal fluid emaw abdominal fluid emaw sample lak theih a ni bawk.
• Sample humhalh: Lab-ah chuan cell te chu a awm reng theih nan leh a thih loh nan chemical bik dahin sample siam a ni.
• Antibody dah belh: Chumi hnuah chuan a pawimawh ber a lo thleng leh thin. He sample-ah hian kan zawn mek ``Antigen'' nena inmil tura siam ``Antibody'' (key) an dah tel bawk. Mahse he ``Antibody'' ah hian thil danglam tak a awm. Compound te tak te, eng pe chhuak thei a nei a, chu chu ``Fluorescent Compound'' a ni. Chuvangin chu key chu lock nen a inzawm chuan chu cell chuan light a pe chhuak tan ta a ni.
• Flow Cytometer-a dah: He sample buatsaih hi chu machine bik ``Flow Cytometer`` an tihah dah a ni.`` He machine chhunga cell te chu pakhat hnu pakhatin an kal zel chuan machine chhunga sensor ``Detectors`` te chuan êng êng chhuaktu cell te chu an hmuchhuak a, an chhiar chhuak thin.

Hetiang hmang hian a kaihhnawih `(Antigen)` cell engzat nge awm tih dik takin hriat theih a ni.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) hmanga tih a ni

Hetiang method hi tissue sample bik `(Tissue Sample)-a `(Antigens)` awm zawng zawng hmuh nan hman a ni tlangpui. Hetah hian `(Flow Cytometry)` ang chi thil a thleng a. Mahse a danglamna lian ber chu hetah hian `(Antibody)` hi fluorescent compound-ah a inzawm lo. Chu ai chuan enzyme `(Enzyme)` a inzawm a ni.

He enzyme avang hian `(Antibody)` chu a kaihhnawih `(Antigen)` nen a inzawm chuan chu cell chuan rawng bik a thlak a ni. Tichuan, pathologist chuan microscope hmanga a en chuan, chu cell rawng hrang hrangte chu chiang takin a hmu thei a ni. Chutiang chuan chu tissue-ah chuan a kaihhnawih `(Antigen)` chu a awm tih a nemnghet thei ang.

He fiahnaah hian tihkhawtlai emaw, tlin lohna emaw a awm em?

Ni e, test zawng zawng ang bawkin he test pawh hian a tih theih chin a nei. Harsatna lian ber chu he test titu lab zawng zawng hian standard methodology inang an zawm vek lo. Hei hian lab pakhat atanga lab dangah result-ah danglamna tlem a awm thei tihna a ni.

Report-ah hian eng ang thil nge lo chhuak? Eng nge a sawi?

`Immunophenotyping` test report hi thisen report pangngai angin a awlsam lo. `(Flow Cytometer)` machine atanga data leh graph lakchhuah te a awm a ni. Hengte hi pathologist trained chauhvin a hrethiam thei. Chu data chu a zirchiang a, report hnuhnung ber chu a buatsaih thin.

Chu report atang chuan i doctor chuan hetiang hian thu a dawng ang:

• Sample-ah hian eng ang thisen var nge awm?
• Chu cell te chu eng stage-ah nge an lo thanglian?
• Test tawh `(Antigen)` hi cell engzat nge awm?

Pathologist chuan i sample atanga data te chu mi hrisel tak atanga data te nen a khaikhin a, chubakah leukemia emaw lymphoma chi khat nei te data pattern te nen a khaikhin bawk. He tehkhin thu a\ang hian test dang result nen hian a rinhlelh cancer i vei theihna tur chungchangah thutlukna a siam a ni.

Engtikah nge doctor ka biak ang?

Test result nghah hi a buaithlak thei hle. I rilruah zawhna sangkhat i nei a. Engtikah nge result a lo thlen dawn tih leh eng nge an sawi dawn tih hriat chian loh hi thil pangngai a ni.

Harsatna i nei lo a ni mai thei, `CBC` report i hmuh chuan mak i ti mai thei. Hun engemaw chen chu i chau deuh a, i dam lo deuh pawh a ni mai thei. Mahse, hei hi dawhtheihna hun a ni. Hei hi i taksa chhunga thil thleng hriatchhuahna kawngah step khat chauh a ni.

Hetih lai hian i doctor hi i kaihhruaina tha ber a ni.

• Engtikah nge result i hmuh dawn tih i hriat chian loh chuan doctor zawt la.
• I result i hmuh hnuah, a chhunga thil awm i hriat chian loh chuan i hriatthiam hma loh chuan zawhna zawt rawh. Chu chu i dikna a ni.
• Report-a thil awmte hi buaipui suh. I tana a awmzia sawifiah hi doctor mawhphurhna a ni.

I cell-ah hian i hriselna chungchang thu tam tak a awm a. Immunophenotyping hi hmanraw pakhat chauh a ni a, chu thu chu i phochhuah theih nan leh i hriselna chungchang hriatthiamna thuk zawk i neih theih nan a pui thei che a ni. Hetiang hunah hian hlauhna leh lungkhamna nei hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Support i mamawh chuan i doctor nen sawiho rawh.