I thinlunga thisen kalna kawng te te a nghawng nasatzia i hre tawh em? Microvascular Coronary Disease (Small Vessel Disease) chungchang hi han sawi ila!

A chang chuan i rilruah natna mak tak tak emaw, natna emaw i nei thin em? Mahse Doctor i pan chuan vein lian tak takte hi a pawi lo tih an sawi thin? Chutiang chu a ni thei. A chhan chu, thinlung chhunga thisen kalna kawng lian tak takte bakah hian thisen kalna kawng te tak te tak tak , sam zungbun ang maia nalh tak tak network a awm bawk. A châng chuan buaina chu a awm thei bawk. Chu chu vawiinah kan sawi dawn a ni.

He `Microvascular Coronary Disease` an tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, `Microvascular Coronary Disease` (MCD) hi i thinlung chhunga thisen kalna kawng bulpui atanga chhuak thisen kalna kawng te tak te, nalh tak tak (`coronary microvasculature` tia koh bawk) te a nghawng a ni. I in chhunga tui rawn thlentu tui pipe neih ang mai a ni a, mahse tap panna pipe te tak te chu a inkhar a nih chuan tui chu a chhuak lo ang.

Chumi hming dang pawh in lo hre tawh mai thei.

• `Artery tenau natna`
• Vessel tenau natna
• Cardiac X natna a ni
• Microvessel natna a ni
• ``Nonobstructive coronary heart disease`` (a thisen kalna kawng lian tak takah thau awm vangin blockage awm lo) .

He thinlunga thisen kalna kawng te tak te (Coronary Microvasculature) hian eng nge a tih?

I thinlung hi motor tlemte, hnathawk reng thei ang maiin ngaihtuah rawh. He motor hi a thawk tha thei tur chuan ei leh in leh oxygen a mamawh reng a ni. Chu hna pawimawh tak chu he sam ang chi vein te tak te, `coronary microvasculature' an tih network hian a thawk a ni.

Heng vein te tak te te hian thinlung chhunga thisen kal dan chu an thunun a ni. Tin, capillary exchange an tih, thil buaithlak takah pawh an pawimawh hle. Capillary exchange tih awmzia chu heng vein te tak te hian oxygenated thisen chu thinlung tissue-ah a thlen a, deoxygenated thisen chu thinlungah a thawn kir leh tihna mai a ni. Courier service ang mai a ni a, thil tha rawn thawn chhuakin thil tha lo laksak a ni. He inthlengnaah hian thil tam tak inthleng a ni a, gas te, nutrient te, bawlhhlawh te pawh a tel.

He `Microvascular Coronary Disease` leh kan hriat fo thin `Coronary Artery Disease` hi eng nge a danglamna?

Heng pahnih hian heart attack i neih theihna a tipung a ni . Mahse, thinlung an nghawng danah hian danglamna tlem a awm.

• Coronary Artery Disease: Hei hian i thinlung lam panna thisen kalna kawng lian tak tak (coronary arteries) te a nghawng a ni. Hei hi a tam zawk chu thau (plaques - tui pipe-a bawlhhlawh ang chi) a lo awm a, thisen kalna a ti tawi emaw, a tikhawlo vek emaw a ni.
• Microvascular Coronary Disease: Hei hian thisen kalna kawng lian zawk atanga chhuak thisen kalna kawng te tak te, nalh tak tak (the `microvasculature`) te a nghawng a ni. Hei hian heart tissue-in a mamawh nutrients a hloh phah a ni. Hei hi thau (`plaques`) avanga lo awm a ni lo., heng vein te te tihchhiat vang emaw, an hnathawh danah chhiatna engemaw vang emaw a ni thei.

A awlsam zawngin pakhat chu kawngpui lian takah lirthei tlan ang mai a ni (Coronary Artery Disease), pakhat chu kawngpui te tak te, kawngpui chhe tawh ang mai a ni (Microvascular Coronary Disease). An pahnih hian zinkawng an tibuai a.

Tute nge `Microvascular Coronary Disease` vei tam zawk?

He natna hi `Small Vessel Disease` an tih hi mipa aiin hmeichhiaah a awm tam zawk . Hetiang hlauhawmna hi hmeichhia hormone `estrogen` level hniam (entir nan, menopause laiin) te tan a sang hle.

Chu bakah chuan risk factor dang engemaw zat a awm a:

• Autoimmune disease: Entirnan, vasculitis (thisen kalna kawng a inflammation) ang chi natna. Hei hi kan taksa ngeiin keimahni cell a beih hian a ni.
• Thau lutuk: Taksa rihna tam lutuk hian natna tam tak a thlen thin.
• Zunthlum (Diabetes): Zunthlum hi thisen sugar level a thunun loh vang a ni. Hei hian thisen kalna kawng a tichhe thei bawk.
• Ei leh in hrisel lo: Chi, saturated fat leh processed foods ei tam lutuk.
• Thisen sang: Thisen sang pawh hi thisen zam tan a tha lo.
• Cholesterol sang: Thisen a thau awm zat a tisang.
• Rheumatologic disorders: Entirnan, natna chi hrang hrang, lupus emaw rheumatoid arthritis emaw ang chi te.
• Sedentary lifestyle: Exercise neih loh hi natna tam tak bulpui ber a ni.
• Meizial zuk: Meizial hi thinlung tan chauh ni lovin, taksa pum tan pawh a tha lo.

Engvangin nge he `Microvascular Coronary Disease` hi a lo awm? A chhante chu engte nge ni?

Hetiang dinhmun hian i thinlung chhunga thisen kalna kawng te tak te wall-a smooth muscle chu a nghawng a ni. Thinlung hrisel takah chuan heng ruhte hi a tul angin a inzawm khawm tur a ni a, a zau zawk tur a ni. Camera lens chu thinlung mamawh danglam zel phuhruk turin a zau thei a, a inzawm khawm thei ang bawkin, hetiang hian thisen kal dan chu a control thei a ni.

Mahse `Microvascular Coronary Disease` vei tan chuan heng thisen kalna kawng te te chhungril lam bang hi a chhe vek a ni. Hetianga chhiatna avang hian a chang chuan heng thisen kalna kawngte hi a nghet nghal (`spasms`). Tichuan thinlunga thisen kal chu a tibuai ta a ni. Tui pipe rang taka tihchhiat ang maiin han mitthla teh, tui luang chu a tlahniam ang.

`Small Vessel Disease` natna lanchhuahna chu engte nge ni? Engtin nge i hriat?

A lan chhuah dan ber chu rilru natna emaw, nuam lo emaw, `angina` an tih hi a ni. Hei hi a tlangpuiin minute 10 emaw a aia rei emaw a daih thei., chawlh hahdam lai pawhin. He natna hi rilru hahna nen a pung thei a, mahse taksa exercise nen chuan a pung tlem zawk. Heng `Microvascular Coronary Disease` symptoms te hian nitin hna thawh a harsat phah thei a ni.

A lan chhuah dan dangte chu:

• Chauhna: Chau lutuk tih hriatna.
• Thâwk lak tawi: Thawhrimna tlemte pawh nise thawk harsa.
• Mut harsatna: Mut theih lohna ang chi thil.

Pawimawh: Chhung na hi heart attack chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. Chuvangin heng thilte hi hre reng ang che:

* I rilru natna a reh loh emaw, a zual emaw chuan.

* Heart attack symptom dang, thawk hah, i hnungzang, i kawng emaw, i kut na emaw, i rilru natna te nen i neih chuan 911 call nghal la, damdawi in emergency room hnai ber pan rawh.

Engtin nge `Microvascular Coronary Disease` hi dik taka i hriat theih ang? (`Diagnosis`) tih a ni.

Dik tak chuan microvascular heart disease hmuhchhuah hi a harsa deuh thei. Microvessels te hi a nalh em avangin standard heart test hmangin hmuh a harsa hle. Chuvangin, small vessel disease lama specialist cardiologist hmuh a tha ber. Tichuan, diagnosis dik tak i hmu thei ang a, enkawlna i nei nghal thei bawk.

Hei hi ``Microvascular Coronary Disease`` a nih leh nih loh finfiahna atana test tha ber (``gold standard``) chu ``Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR)`` tehna hmanga ``Cardiac Catheterization`` (heart catheterization) a ni. Hei hi test buaithlak deuh a ni. Chu thisen kalna kawng te te chu engtiang chiahin nge a inzai rang a, i taksa mamawh dan azirin thinlungah thisen tam zawk a pe chhuak thei tih a en a ni.

Chu bakah, thinlunga thisen kal zat tehna test dang a awm bawk:

• `Nuclear rilru hahna test (PET scan)`
• `Cardiac MRI hmanga perfusion hmanga siam`

He natna hi eng enkawlna nge ni? (`Enkawlna`) .

Damdawi hi enkawlna atan pek a ni fo. Heng damdawi te hian thisen kalna kawngte hnathawh thatna leh harsatna thlen theihna a tihziaawmna hmangin hna a thawk a ni.

Heng enkawlnate hi a hnuaia mi ang hian a ni thei:

• Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: Hengte hian thisen kalna kawng a tizau a, thisen sang a ti hniam bawk.
• Anticoagulants: Hengte hian thisen a tikhawlo thei lo.
• Aspirin: Hei hian thisen zam a tihziaawm bawk.
• Beta-blockers: Heart rate a ti hniam a, thisen sang a tihniam bawk.
• Calcium channel blockers: Thisen kalna kawng a tizau thin.
• Diuretics: Taksa atanga tui leh chi tam lutuk paih chhuakin thisen sang a tihniam.
• Statins: Thisen cholesterol level a tihhniam.

I doctor chuan i dinhmun a zirchiang ang a, i tan eng enkawlna nge tha ber tih a rel ang.

Engtin nge he `Small Vessel Disease` lakah hian kan inven theih ang? (`Invenna`) tih a ni.

I thinlung enkawl that hian hrisel taka awm theihna tur leh heng natnate harsatna te a tihziaawm theih nan a pui thei che a ni. A hnuaia thilte hian a pui thei a ni:

• Taksa chak zawk nei rawh: Nitin exercise engemaw zat neih a pawimawh. Exercise la thar i nih chuan cardiac rehab program hian a pui thei che a ni.
• Thinlung hrisel ei: hriak, chi, leh sugar tlem, leh thei leh thlai tamna ei.
• Thisen sang hrisel level-a vawn reng.
• I taksa rihna hrisel tak, i duh ang taka vawn reng.
• Meizial zuk loh vek tur a ni.
• Thisen sugar level control, a bik takin zunthlum i neih chuan.

Chûng thil tih chu harsa deuh angin lang mah se, tlem têa i hman thiam chuan danglamna lian tak i hmu thei a ni.

`Small Vessel Disease` vei tan chuan dam theihna chance engzat nge awm? (`Hmuh dan`) .

Enkawlna hlawhtling tak an neih chuan mi tam zawk chu an dam tha a, nitin hna an thawk leh thei bawk. Mahse, enkawlna chu a thawk tha em tih hriat nan follow-up care dawng chhunzawm zel a pawimawh.

`Microvascular Heart Disease` nena nun hi eng ang nge ni?

Damdawi ei thiam leh nunphung thlak danglam hi hun a duh a ni. Damdawi thenkhat hian side effect a thlen thei a, luak chhuak ang chi te hi a awm thei bawk. Heng ngaihtuahnate hi i doctor nen inbiakna neih a pawimawh hle. Ani chuan a ṭanpui thei che a, damdawi dang a pe thei che a, a nih loh leh i enkawlna aṭanga hlawkna tam ber i hmuh theih dân a zirtîr thei che a ni.

I doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan leh i thisen sang ang chi thilte nitin diary-ah ziak turin a ti thei che a ni. He thu hian i mamawh leh i duhzawng ang zela i enkawl dan tur siamsak turin a pui thei a ni.

A tawp berah chuan Microvascular Coronary Disease hi thinlung chhunga thisen kalna kawng te tak te tak tak hmanga thisen kal dan tichhe thei natna a ni tih hre reng ang che. Coronary artery disease ang chi thau awm avanga blockage a ni lo va, thisen kalna kawng tichhe zawk a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hian rilru natna a thlen thei a, heart attack neih theihna a tipung thei bawk. Mahse, damdawi dik tak leh nunphung thlak danglam chuan mi tam tak chuan an natna lan chhuah dan an thunun thei a, harsatna an pumpelh thei bawk.

Thil pawimawh hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

• Microvascular Coronary Disease hi thinlung thisen kalna kawng te te a nghawng a, thinlung natna tlanglawn tak, thisen kalna kawng lian zawka inkharkhip avanga lo awm nen a danglam hle.
• Hetiang dinhmun hi hmeichhiaah a awm fo thin , a bik takin menopause vel ah.
• A lan chhuah dan chu rilru na (angina), thawk hah, leh hahna te a ni thei. Chûngte chu ngaihthah suh.
• Diagnosis hi a chang chuan a harsa thei a, mahse test bik hmangin tih theih a ni.
• Damdawi leh nunphung thlak danglam hmanga hlawhtling taka enkawl theih dinhmun.
• Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor advice la ngei ang che. Lungngai suh, inenkawlna mumal tak nen chuan dam theihna chance tha tak i nei a ni.

I thinlung kha enkawl rawh!

` Heart disease, small vessel disease, microvascular coronary disease, rilru na, hmeichhe hriselna, heart attack hlauhawmna, heart health