Invenna tel lova sex i hman angin han ngaihtuah teh, a nih loh leh kawng dangin HIV hrik i kai ve mai thei tih rinhlelhna tlem i nei ang. Hetiang hunah hian hlauhna leh lungkhamna nasa tak nei hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Mahse, hlauthawng suh. Chutiang emergency-a HIV hrik kai lo tura invenna bik a awm a. Chu chu vawiinah kan sawi a ni.
A awlsam zawngin PEP chu eng nge ni?
PEP awmzia kimchang chu Post-Exposure Prophylaxis tih a ni. Sinhala tawng chuan natna hrik (pathogen) an tawh hnua invenna (preventive treatment) lak tihna a ni. Hei hi HIV hrik chungchang sawi dawn chuan a pawimawh hle.
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, PEP hi HIV virus i kai tawh nia rinhlelhna a awm chuan taksaa natna insiamthat lohna tura pek thin damdawi course a ni. Hei hi damdawi pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw inzawmkhawm a ni. He enkawlna hi nitin ni 28 chhung ei tur a ni .
A pawimawh ber chu he damdawi hi a hlawhtlin theih nan HIV hrik kai nia i ngaih atanga darkar 72 (ni thum) chhungin he damdawi hi i ei tan a ngai a ni. I tan hma chuan result a tha zawk.
HIV hrik kai hi medical emergency a ni . Chuvangin, mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga inpawlna, mipat hmeichhiatna hmansualna, ruihhlo injectna atana needle insem emaw, hnathawhna hmuna needlestick-a hliam emaw avanga HIV kai i nih i rin chuan hospital emergency department (ETU) hnai ber pan nghal rawh.
Mahse thil pakhat hre reng ang che. PEP hi emergency hman tur chauh a ni. HIV kai hlauhawmna sang tak nei tan chuan hun rei tak chhung venhimna atan hman theih a ni lo. Risk sang tak i nih chuan hun rei tak chhunga invenna hmanraw PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) tih chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh.
PEP tan hmain eng nge thleng?
PEP enkawlna i tan hma emaw, i tan veleh emaw chuan i doctor chuan i taksaah test thenkhat tih a rel ang. Chumi atan chuan thisen leh zun ang chi sample lak theih a ni. Heng test te hi damdawi chi leh a dose dik tak i pek tur hriat nan an ti thin.
A tlangpuiin hetiang thil hi check thin a ni:
- HIV hrik i kai tawh em tih enfiah hmasa phawt ang che.
- Hepatitis B leh hepatitis C virus kai an awm em?
- Naupai i nih leh nih loh finfiah rawh.
- I kal leh thin (liver) a thawk tha em tih enfiah thin ang che.
Heng test result a zirin i doctor chuan PEP damdawi tha ber leh him ber a rawn pe ang che.
Mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih natna dang i test bawk em?
Awle. A chhan chu mipat hmeichhiatna hman vawi khat pawh hian a rualin STI tam tak a kai thei a ni. Chuvangin i exposed dan azirin i doctor pawhin STI dang a test emaw, a enkawl emaw thei bawk. Entir nan:
- Gonorrhea a awm
- Chlamydia natna (Chlamydia) a awm
- Trichomoniasis natna a ni
PEP enkawlna hian engtin nge hna a thawh?
PEP enkawlna atana hman thin damdawi te hi antiretroviral drugs an ti a . Hengte hi HIV enkawlna atana hman thin damdawi ang chiah kha a ni. Heng damdawi te hian eng nge an tih hi a awlsam hle. HIV virus chu a copy siam a, a inthen darh a, i taksa chhunga a darh zel chu an titawp a ni.
Rukru ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Chu rukru chu i taksa tia koh i in chhungah a rawn lut a, amah ang rukru tam tak siam a tum a ni. PEP ruihhlo hian kawngkhar khar a, rukruin rukru tam zawk a siam theih loh nan barrier siamin hna a thawk a ni.
Damdawi chi hrang hrangte hian heng harsatnate hi tihchhiat tumin kawng hrang hrangin hna an thawk a ni. Chuvangin damdawi chi hrang hrang i dahkhawm chuan virus damchhuah theihna chance chu nasa takin a tlahniam a ni. Enkawlna a hlawhtling zawk.
Heng antiviral damdawi te hi kan ei tan tirh chuan , HIV virus hi i taksaa natna awm reng (chronic infection) a nih loh nan kan titawp thei a ni. Infection a lo awm tawh chuan damdawi hian a ti bo vek thei lo va, a control thei chauh a ni. PEP tum ber chu virus hi chutiang dinhmun a thlen hmaa tihtawp a ni.
PEP atan hian eng damdawi nge hman thin?
Doctor-te chuan PEP atan hian antiviral drugs combination an pe a. Hengte hi pill angin an ei thin. Combination hman tlanglawn ber berte chu a hnuaia table-ah hian tarlan a ni.
| Base Combination a ni | Damdawi dang |
|---|---|
A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em bawk a. Emaw A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em bawk a. | Raltegravir/RAL (Isentress®) hmanga tihdam theih a ni. |
| Dolutegravir/DTG (TivicayTM) hmanga tihdam theih a ni. | |
| Darunavir/DRV (Prezista®) leh Ritonavir/RTV (Norvir®) emaw Cobicistat/COBI emaw inkawp a ni |
Damdawi chi hrang hrang a zirin ni khatah vawi khat emaw vawi hnih emaw ei a ngai mai thei. Chuvangin PEP i tan hmain i doctor hnenah damdawi ei hun leh ei dan tur zawt hmasa phawt ang che. I doctor pawhin heng damdawi chi hrang hrang emaw, a dose emaw hi i damdawi lam dinhmun dang a zirin a thlak danglam thei bawk.
PEP enkawlna hi engtiang chiahin nge a hlawkpui? Engvangin nge a hlawhchham theih?
Zirna hrang hrangah chuan PEP enkawlna hi dik taka ei a nih chuan HIV kai theihna chu 80% aia tam a tihniam thei tih hmuhchhuah a ni . Chu chu hlawhtlinna ropui tak a ni.
Mahse, a chang chuan he enkawlna hi beisei angin a hlawhtling lo thei. Hei hi chhan hrang hrang a awm a. Eng nge an nih i en ang u.
| Hlawhchhamna chhan | A awlsam zawngin sawifiah a ni |
|---|---|
| Enkawl tan hun sawn hlat | Exposure atanga darkar 72 hnuah a tan chuan virus hi taksaah a stabilise tan tawh mai thei. |
| Damdawi hman dan tur skip | Nitin a hun dik takah damdawi i ei loh chuan taksaa damdawi concentration a tlahniam a, chu chuan virus chu active leh theihna hun a pe a ni. |
| Ni 28 chhung a zo lo | Course pumpui i zawh loh chuan virus hi a control kim lo thei a, a rawn lang leh thei bawk. |
| Re-exposure leh a ni | PEP i ei laiin invenna tel lovin HIV i kai leh a nih chuan enkawlna hlawhtlinna a tlahniam ang. |
| Damdawi do thei virus a ni | A tlem hle a, HIV chi i tawh kha PEP damdawi pekte lakah a do thei lo. |
PEP enkawlna hian side effect a nei em?
PEP hi damdawi a ni lo va, a tlangpuiin side effect lian tham a thlen thin. Mahse, mi ṭhenkhat chuan hrehawmna tenau engemaw zat an nei thei a ni. Hengte hi ni engemaw zat chhungin a reh tlangpui.
Side effects awm tam ber chu:
- Chau tih hriatna (Fatigue) .
- Luhai
- Luak chhuak
- Kawthalo
- Lu na
Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor nen inbia ang che. Vawi tam tak chu hengte hi damdawi awlsam tak hmangin a reh thei a ni. Doctor rawn hmasa lovin damdawi engmah ei loh tur a ni.
PEP ka mamawh chuan khawiah nge ka kal ang?
Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. HIV hrik kai hi medical emergency a ni. Chuvangin hun khawhral suh la, damdawi lam thurawn zawng nghal rawh. Hmun engemaw zat kal theihna tur a awm.
1. Damdawi in hnai berah Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) dah: Hei hi a tha ber leh rang ber a ni. Sorkar damdawi in eng pawh ETU-ah kal la, i dinhmun sawifiah la, chutah chuan i mamawh enkawlna bulpui leh thurawn i dawng thei ang.
2. Sexual Health Clinic: Sri Lanka ramah hian damdawi in lianah te sexually transmitted disease clinic a awm a. Heng clinic atang hian i mamawh thurawn leh enkawlna i dawng thei a, chutih rualin thuruk ber i vawng thei bawk.
3. I Chhungkaw Doctor: I chhungkaw doctor pawhin he thu hi a hrilh thei che a ni. Mahse, a chang chuan he thila tawnhriat a neih tam loh chuan ETU emaw specialist emaw hnenah a refer thei che a ni.
I kalna apiangah chiang takin sawi rawh , "HIV ka kai tawh mai thei tih ka ring a, PEP enkawlna chungchang pawh hriat ka duh a ni." Emergency a nih thu pawh sawi bawk ang che.
PEP enkawl hnuah eng nge thleng?
Ni 28 chhung PEP enkawlna i neih zawh hnuah chuan i hna chu a tawp tawh lo. HIV i kai lo tih chiang taka hriat chian nan HIV test eng emaw zat i neih belh a ngai dawn a ni.
Atlangpuiin,
- Exposure atanga kar 4-6 chhungin
- Kar 12-ah (thla 3 chhungin) .
- Kar 24-ah (thla 6 chhungin) .
Doctor chuan a hun taka test leh turin a fuih che a ni. Infection i neih loh nan heng test zawng zawng hi tih a pawimawh hle.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- PEP hi HIV hrik kai hnua hri kai loh nan emergency treatment pek thin a ni.
- Hlawhtling taka a chhuah theih nan he enkawlna hi a inhriat atanga darkar 72 (ni 3) chhungin tan a ngai a ni.
- Hei hi ni 28 chhung damdawi ei tur a ni a, a ruahman angin tih zawh a ngai a, ni khat pawh skip lovin.
- HIV hrik i kai nia i rinhlelh chuan zak leh hlau lo la, damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU)-ah kal nghal la, doctor pan nghal rawh.
- PEP hi condom ang chi invenna hmanrua aiah a ni lo. Emergency atan chauh a ni.
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