Otinga mō ngā kōhatu whatukuhu nunui: He whakamārama māmā mō te pokanga PCNL (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy)

He raruraru ngā kōhatu whatukuhu mō te tini o te tangata, ā, i ētahi wā ka mamae rawa. He maha ngā wā ka puta ngā kōhatu iti mā te mimi i muri i te inu nui i te wai me te tango i te rongoā i whakaritea e te tākuta. Engari he tino nunui ētahi kōhatu. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi pokanga motuhake, tino angitu hoki e taunakihia ana e ngā tākuta ina kore e taea te tango mā ētahi atu tikanga.

He aha te PCNL?

Ko te ingoa katoa o PCNL ko Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy . Ahakoa he ahua uaua te ahua o te ingoa, he tino māmā te tikanga.

• Ko te tikanga o te "percutaneous" ko "mā roto i te kiri".
• Ko te tikanga o te "Nephrolithotomy" ko "te tango pokanga i te kōhatu mai i te whatukuhu".

I ngā kupu māmā noa iho, he tikanga te PCNL e tapahia ana he kōhatu iti rawa ki tō tuara, ā, ka tangohia he kōhatu nui mai i te whatukuhu. Ko te tikanga matua he tango i ngā kōhatu nui kāore anō kia rongoatia pai ki ētahi atu maimoatanga, pērā i te rongoā, te ru wave lithotripsy, me ētahi atu tikanga rānei.

He pokanga nui te PCNL?

Ae, e kiia ana te PCNL he pokanga nui. Kaua e manukanuka. Kāore i rite ki te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho. He nui ake te tapahi o te pokanga tuwhera, arā, he roa ake te wā e ora ai, ā, he mamae ake.

Engari he pokanga "iti rawa te whakaekenga" te PCNL. Ko te tikanga, nā te mea ka mahia mā roto i tētahi tapahi iti rawa, he iti ake te pānga ki tō tinana, he iti ake ngā raruraru, ā, ka tere ake te ora. Engari nā te mea he pokanga nui, ka mahia e tētahi rōpū tākuta tohunga i roto i te hōhipera.

Ko wai rā te tangata e hiahia ana ki tēnei pokanga?

I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta ngā kōhatu whatukuhu me te mimi. Ki te kore, ka tohutohu te tākuta i a koe ki ētahi atu maimoatanga māmā. Ka mahia te pokanga PCNL i ngā wā e whai ake nei:

• Mena he tino nui te kohatu whatukuhu: Ko tēnei tikanga te mea pai rawa atu mō te tango i ngā kohatu nui atu i te 2 henimita te rahi.
• Ki te kore e angitu ētahi atu maimoatanga: Ki te kore e taea te tango i te kōhatu mā ngā maimoatanga pēnei i te shock wave lithotripsy, te laser ureteroscopy rānei, arā, ko te tuku i tētahi kāmera ki raro i te urethra me te tango i te kōhatu mā te laser.
• Mena kei tētahi wāhi uaua te kōhatu: Mena kei tētahi wāhi uaua te tango i te kōhatu i roto i te whatukuhu.

Kia ako tātou i ia taahiraa me pēhea te whakahaere i te pokanga.

He tino whakamarie te mōhio ki tēnei momo pokanga i mua i te mahi. Me titiro tātou ki te mahi a tēnei tukanga.

1. Me aha ahau i mua i te pokanga?

Me toro atu koe ki te tākuta i ētahi rā i mua i te pokanga. Kei reira:

• Ka tirohia tō hauora: ka inehia ngā mea pēnei i te toto totoka me te tere o te manawa.
• Kia tūpato ki ō rongoā: Me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe, tae atu ki ngā huaora me ngā rongoā otaota. Mena kei te tango koe i ngā rongoā whakaiti toto (hei tauira, te aspirin) , me mutu pea te tango i aua rongoā i mua i te pokanga. Engari kaua rawa e mutu te tango i tētahi rongoā me te kore e pātai tuatahi ki tō tākuta.
• Kōrero mai mō ō mate pāwera: Tena koa whakamōhio mai mēnā he mate pāwera koe ki tētahi rongoā, ki tētahi kai, ki tētahi mea rānei pērā i te pāreti.
• Nohopuku: Ka tohutohuhia koe kia kaua e kai, e inu rānei i tetahi mea i muri i te waenganui pō i te pō i mua i te pokanga. Mena me tango e koe tetahi rongoā nui, ka taea e koe te tango me te inu wai noa iho.
• Ngā Whakamātautau: Tērā pea ka tonoa koe kia mahi i tētahi 'matawai CT (tomography rorohiko)', 'matawai Ultrasound', 'X-ray' rānei hei tiro i te wāhi me te rahi tuturu o te kōhatu tākihi.

2. He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te wā o te pokanga?

Ka whakahaerehia te pokanga e tētahi tīma tākuta motuhake, he tohunga whakamoe, me tētahi nēhi.

• Whakamoemiti: Tuatahi, ka tukuna koe ki raro i te whakamoemiti whānui. Nō reira, kāore koe e mamae i te wā e pokangahia ana, ā, ka moe katoa koe.
• Tūnga: He maha ngā wā ka mahia te pokanga i a koe e takoto ana i runga i tō puku (tūnga takoto kau) i runga i te moenga. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te uru atu ki te whatukuhu mai i muri.
• Tapahi iti: Ka tapahia e te tohunga he tapahi iti, tata ki te 1 henimita te whānui, ki tō tuara, ki te wāhi kei reira tō whatukuhu.
• Te whakaurunga o te taputapu: Mā te tapahi, ka whakauruhia he ngongo tiaki (hipoki) ki roto i te whatukuhu. Kātahi ka whakauruhia he kāmera iti (nephroscope) mā roto i te ngongo, ā, ka tirohia te kōhatu i roto i te whatukuhu i runga i te mata.
• Te tango kōhatu: Mena he iti te kōhatu, ka tangohia mā te taputapu kotahi. Mena he nui te kōhatu, ka whakamahia he hihi laser, he taputapu wiri motuhake rānei "lithotripter" hei wawahi i te kōhatu kia ririki, hei tango i aua wahi.
• Te whakaurunga o tētahi ngongo: Kia tangohia katoatia te kōhatu, ka whakauruhia pea he ngongo iti (ngongo waikeri) he stent ureter rānei ki roto i te pūkahukahu kia rere ai te mimi me te toto i waho o te whatukuhu. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te whakaora o te patunga.
• Te Tuitui: Hei whakamutunga, ka tuituia te tapahi iti i te tuara ki ngā tuitui.

Ko tēnei tukanga katoa te tikangaE rua ki te whā hāora pea te roa.

3. He aha ngā mea ka tupu i muri i te pokanga?

Kia mutu te pokanga, ka mutu te hoatutanga o te rongoā whakamoe e te tohunga whakamoe. Ka hoki mārire tō māramatanga i roto i ētahi meneti.

• Rūma Whakaora: Ka haria tuatahitia koe ki te rūma whakaora, ka tirotirohia tō hauora ki reira.
• Te Whakahaere Mamae: Tērā pea ka pāngia koe e te mamae i muri i te hokinga mai o te māramatanga. Ma te nēhi koe e hoatu he rongoā whakamamae hei āwhina i tēnei.
• Noho hōhipera: Me noho koe ki te hōhipera mō te kotahi rā pea. I taua wā, ka aroturukihia e ngā tākuta tō oranga.
• Te toto i roto i te mimi: He mea noa te noho o te toto iti i roto i tō mimi mō te wiki, e rua rānei i muri i te pokanga. Kaua e manukanuka ki tēnā.

He aha ngā painga me ngā mōrearea o te pokanga PCNL?

Pērā i ngā maimoatanga hauora katoa, he painga, he iti noa hoki ngā mōrearea o tēnei.

Ngā Painga:

• Ko te kaha ki te tango tata katoa i ngā kōhatu tākihi nunui e kore e taea te tango mā ētahi atu tikanga.
• He pokanga tēnei, he tino teitei te angitu, arā, i waenga i te 75% - 98%.
• He iti ake te tapahi i tō te pokanga tuwhera, nō reira ka tere ake te ora o te patunga.
• He iti ake te wā e noho ana i te hōhipera.

Ngā Tūponotanga:

Ahakoa he tino onge ēnei āhuatanga, he mea nui kia mōhio ki ēnei āhuatanga.

• Ngā tūponotanga e pā ana ki te rongoā whakamoe.
• Te mate urutā i te wāhi i pokangahia.
• Te toto nui rawa.
• Te hanganga toto totoka `(hematoma)`.
• Te kino o ētahi o ngā whatukuhu.
• I ētahi wā, kāore e taea te tango i te kohatu katoa.
• Te mate urutā nui o te ara mimi (Sepsis).

Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai? He aha ngā mahi ārai me mahi ki te kāinga?

E rua ki te whā wiki te roa hei whakaora katoa. He mea tino nui kia okioki tō tinana i tēnei wā.

• Kaua e hiki i ngā mea taumaha: Kaua e hiki i tētahi mea taumaha atu i te taumaha o te rita miraka (tata ki te 4 kg) mō ngā wiki e rua .
• Whakakorikori Tinana: Kaua e whakakorikori tinana taumaha mō tētahi wā.
• Te hoki ki te mahi: Mena he mahi tari tāu, ka taea e koe te hoki ki te mahi i roto i te wiki. Heoi, ki te hiahia tō mahi ki te whakakorikori tinana, he pai ake te tango i te iti rawa i te rua wiki hei hararei.

Ina hiahia koe ki te toro atu ki te tākuta i te wā e taea ai!

Ki te pāngia koe e ētahi tohu rerekē i muri i te pokanga, kaua e warewaretia. Ki te pāngia koe e ētahi o ēnei tohu e whai ake nei, waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu atu, haere rānei ki te Tari Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera tata.

Kia mahara ki te toro atu anō ki tō tākuta i muri i ngā wiki e whā ki te ono i muri i te pokanga hei tirotiro i tō hauora.