ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? (ꯍꯥꯔꯗ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ) - ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯌꯨ!

ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯐꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯔꯗ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ (ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ `ꯁ꯭ꯛꯕꯥꯃꯁ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ` ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯚꯥꯔꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ `(ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯚꯥꯔꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ)` ꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯒꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ, ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 3% ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ 1%ꯗꯒꯤ 5% ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯇꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (Halitosis): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯆꯔ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯆꯔ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ (Dysphagia): ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ (lump) ꯑꯃꯥ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ (limph nodes) ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯒꯅꯣꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

꯱.ꯇꯥꯕꯥꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ: ꯱ .ꯆꯨꯔꯨꯠ, ꯁꯤꯒꯥꯔꯦꯠ, ꯕꯤꯗꯤꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ: ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯁꯨ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

"ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫"

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯔꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯗꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ:

• "ꯅꯉꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?"
• "ꯀꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ?"
• "ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯂꯤꯕꯔꯥ?"
• "ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?"
• "ꯂꯧꯎ-ꯁꯤꯡꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ?"

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• "ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ (ꯁꯤꯒꯥꯔꯦꯠ, ꯆꯦꯡ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?"
• "ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?"

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

꯱.ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯱.

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯖꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ `ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯊꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ` ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ `ꯁ꯭ꯛꯕꯥꯃꯁ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ` ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ `ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯚꯥꯔꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ` ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫

ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• `ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ`: ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯟꯖ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• `ꯄꯟꯆ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ`: ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ: ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯄꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

꯲.ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯱ .

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

• `ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯦꯗ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ (ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.) ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ` (ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ):ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• `ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠꯔꯣꯟ ꯏꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ (PET) ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ` (PET scan): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ (ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ, ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ) ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ, `TNM` ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ:

• ꯇꯤ (ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ (`depth of invasion`)꯫
• ꯑꯦꯟ.
• ꯑꯦꯝ.

ꯇꯤ ꯑꯛꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ:

• ꯇꯤꯁ `(Carcinoma in situ)`: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
• T1: ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 2 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 5 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• T2: ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 2 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 4ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 5 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 10ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
• T3: ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 4ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 10ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫
• T4: ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯀꯣꯛ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ) ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I-IV):

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯉ꯭ꯀꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ `ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯝ.`ꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ I: ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ T1 ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯗꯥ (ꯁꯦꯃꯤ 2ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯃꯤ 5ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ II: ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ T2 ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ (2-4 cm, 5-10 mm ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ)ꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ III: ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ T3 (ꯁꯦꯃꯤ 4ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯃꯤ 10ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ T1 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ T2 ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ (ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯤ 3ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ)꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ IV: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯗꯥ (IVa, IVb, IVc) ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• IVa: ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ T4a ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ (ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯚꯤ.ꯕꯤ.ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ T4b ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯗꯥ (ꯃꯀꯣꯀꯊꯣꯡꯕꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ) ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫
• IVc: ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯪꯁ)ꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯍꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯂꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯦꯅꯈꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ `ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ` (ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ) ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ) ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ (ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ `ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯞ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ)꯫

2. ꯅꯦꯛ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ (Neck Dissection): ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ:

• ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ: ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯆ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟꯅꯁꯤ:

• ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯔꯨꯠ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯧ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯌꯨ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯱.ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯊꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ: ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯎꯍꯩ-ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯀꯈꯛꯇꯪ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯴꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯴꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ . ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯍꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ `ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯔ` ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯤ? ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ) ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯆ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯍꯦꯟꯁꯤꯚ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯅꯦꯇꯋꯥꯔꯛ (NCCN)ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 10 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ:

• ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ: ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ꯫
• ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ: ꯊꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯶ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯉꯥꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯆꯍꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯆꯍꯤꯗꯥ: ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• "ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?"
• "ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯉꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ?"
• "ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ?"
• "ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ?"
• "ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ?"

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯔꯗ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ, ꯂꯧꯅꯒꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ-ꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

` ꯍꯥꯔꯗ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯁ꯭ꯛꯕꯥꯃꯁ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ, ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯚꯥꯔꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫