ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯔꯥ? ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ , ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ (right atrium and right ventricle)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯃꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ, ꯕꯦꯛ ꯑꯥꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ (right atrium) ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ, ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ (traicuspid valve)ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ (right ventricle) ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

꯱.ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ (tricuspid valve) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ, ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯔꯤꯒꯔꯖꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ (right ventricle) ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ (right atrium)ꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

꯳.ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ , ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯐꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯥꯏꯠꯔꯜ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ)ꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ:

• ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ (carcinoid syndrome): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ (ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ) ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯃꯦꯂꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ (right ventricle elargement): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯔꯤꯌꯨꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯔꯥꯃꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯦꯟꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ‘ꯐꯦꯟ-ꯐꯦꯟ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ)꯫
• ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯂꯨꯄꯁ, ꯃꯥꯔꯐꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯌꯨꯃꯦꯇꯣꯏꯗ ꯑꯔꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ: ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯛ, ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯃꯦꯀꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯥꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ (Arrhythmia): ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ (Edema): ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯃꯨꯔꯃꯔ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯊꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯂꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯇꯔꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯂꯤꯡ, ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯛꯁ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (Dyspnea)꯫
• ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ:

• ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯖꯔꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯊꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ:

• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ (ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯊ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ)꯫
• ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ (ꯏ.ꯀꯦ.ꯖꯤ.)꯫
• ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.
• ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯑꯦꯁꯣꯐꯦꯖꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯊꯥ 6 ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ) ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
• ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯊꯃꯤꯛ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯤꯑꯣꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯟ-ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ (ꯑꯦ.ꯁꯤ.ꯏ.) ꯏꯅꯍꯤꯕꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯣꯒꯨꯂꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯒꯣꯛꯁꯤꯟ꯫
• ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ (‘ꯋꯥꯇꯔ ꯄꯤꯜ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯕꯥ)ꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯛꯌꯨꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ) ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ (ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯔꯤꯌꯨꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ) ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯏꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯇꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯃꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ (Ascites)꯫
• ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ (Cardiac cirrhosis)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯧ꯫
• ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯂꯊꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯥꯏꯗꯔ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯨ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯪꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯩꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?
• ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯍꯧꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯃꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯂꯤꯛ (regurgitation) ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ (stenosis)꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ/ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ!

` ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫