Kodi mwaonapo kuti winawake m'banja mwanu, mwina agogo anu okondedwa, agogo anu, kapena mmodzi wa makolo anu, akuiwala pang'onopang'ono chilichonse? Kodi zimakuvutani kuchita zinthu zomwe munkachita bwino kwambiri, monga kulima dimba, kugwira ntchito zapakhomo, kapena kupeza njira yoti muyendemo? Ichi ndi chithunzi chomwe ambiri a ife timaganizira tikamva mawu akuti Matenda a Alzheimer's. Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa? Sizimakhudza aliyense mofanana. Lero, tikambirana za izi.
Kodi matenda a Alzheimer ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Tisanalankhule za mitundu iyi, tiyeni timvetse mosavuta zomwe zimachitika ku ubongo mu matenda a Alzheimer's. Tangoganizani kuti ubongo wathu ndi gulu lodabwitsa la ma neuron mabiliyoni ambiri, kapena maselo a mitsempha, omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi. Chilichonse chomwe timaganiza, kukumbukira, ndi kuphunzira chimachitika kudzera mu kulumikizana pakati pa maselo awa.
Mu matenda a Alzheimer's, mtundu wa puloteni wotchedwa amyloid beta peptides umayamba kudziunjikira mu ubongo mwanjira yosafunikira. Izi zimapangika kuti zipange ma plaque ndi ma tangles . Mwachidule, zimakhala ngati kutsekeka kwa njira yolumikizirana mu ubongo. Izi zimasokoneza kulumikizana pakati pa maselo amitsempha, ndipo pakapita nthawi, maselo amenewo amafa. Izi zimapangitsa zizindikiro monga kuiwala, kusokonezeka, komanso kuvutika kupanga zisankho.
Chofunika ndichakuti ngakhale zizindikirozi zikukula pakapita nthawi mwa wodwala aliyense wa Alzheimer, kuyamba ndi liwiro la matendawa kumatha kusiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa yomwe tikukamba.
Mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya matenda a Alzheimer's
Asayansi amagawa matenda a Alzheimer m'magulu awiri akuluakulu, kutengera zaka zomwe matendawa amapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana pakati pa awiriwa.
| Khalidwe | Matenda a Alzheimer oyambirira | Matenda a Alzheimer's ochedwa |
|---|---|---|
| Zaka zoyambira | Anthu osakwana zaka 65 (nthawi zambiri ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 40 ndi 50) | Zaka 65 kapena kuposerapo |
| Kuchuluka | Kawirikawiri (pafupifupi 5% ya odwala onse) | Mtundu wofala kwambiri |
| Ubale wa majini | Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kulumikizana kwakukulu kwa majini (zofooka mu ma chromosome 1, 14, ndi 21) | Kulumikizana kwa majini sikukudziwika bwino. Kungachitike m'mabanja kapena ayi. |
| Kusintha kwa ubongo | Ma plaque ambiri ndi kutsekeka muubongo ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ubongo kumawonedwa. | Ngakhale kusintha kwa ubongo kumachitika, kungakhale kochepa poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. |
| Zizindikiro zina | Kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka kwa minofu (myoclonus) ndizofala. | Khalidwe limeneli nthawi zambiri limakhala losowa. |
| Zoopsa zapadera | Anthu omwe ali ndi Down syndrome ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. | Kukalamba ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. |
Zambiri zokhudza matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira
Tangoganizirani, bwanji ngati munthu amene ali pa ntchito yabwino kwambiri, akulera ana ake, komanso amene amakhala nthawi yambiri pa moyo wake, ayamba kukhala ndi mavuto okumbukira zinthu ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 45? Iyi ndi gawo lomvetsa chisoni kwambiri la matenda a Alzheimer omwe amayamba msanga. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sachitika kawirikawiri, zimamudabwitsa kwambiri munthuyo komanso banja lake lomwe lapezeka ndi matendawa.
Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo mwa odwalawa kungakhale kofulumira komanso kwakukulu. Komanso, vutoli nthawi zambiri limakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zamphamvu za majini - kutanthauza kuti, vuto linalake m'majini omwe makolo amatengera kwa ana.
Matenda a Alzheimer omwe amayamba mochedwa - mtundu womwe tonse timadziwa
Uwu ndi mtundu womwe timauona komanso kuulankhula nthawi zambiri tikamalankhula za matenda a Alzheimer's. Taona agogo athu akutaya kukumbukira kwawo pang'onopang'ono akamakalamba. Ndi uwu. Chifukwa chenicheni cha majini amtunduwu sichinapezekebe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, sitinganene kuti mudzakhala ndi matendawa ngati amayi kapena abambo anu anali ndi matendawa. Komabe, ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali nawo, ena ali pachiwopsezo china. Koma amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zambiri, monga majini, moyo, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, zimakhudza izi.
Kodi Matenda a Alzheimer a m'banja (FAD) ndi chiyani?
Uwu ndi mtundu wina wapadera, koma wosowa kwambiri wa matenda a Alzheimer. FAD (Matenda a Alzheimer a m'banja) ndi mtundu wa matenda a Alzheimer omwe atsimikiziridwa kuti amayamba chifukwa cha majini enaake .
Mwachidule, pamafunika mibadwo iwiri (monga agogo ndi abambo) kuti akhale ndi matendawa. Izi zimakhudza anthu osakwana 1% mwa odwala onse a Alzheimer's. Chofunika kwambiri, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira ali ndi mtundu uwu wa FAD. Ndiko kuti, umafalikira kudzera m'majini awo.
Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati ndikukayikira za wina m'banja langa?
Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena mantha okhudza kukumbukira munthu wina m'banja mwanu, makamaka wachinyamata, musanyalanyaze zimenezo.
- Chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita nthawi yomweyo ndikupita kwa dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake. Ndi bwino kwambiri ngati mungathe kupita kwa dokotala wa mitsempha.
- Dokotala amafunsa za zizindikiro ndi mbiri ya matenda a m'banja.
- Mayeso angapo adzachitika kuti aone ngati pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kukumbukira (monga kusowa kwa mavitamini, mavuto a chithokomiro, kapena kupsinjika maganizo).
- Ngati pakufunika kutero, adzakutumizirani zinthu monga kusanthula ubongo (CT/MRI).
Kumbukirani, kupeza matenda msanga kumathandiza wodwalayo ndi banja kukonzekera pasadakhale ndikulandira chithandizo ndi chithandizo chofunikira. Choncho musaope kufunsa upangiri kwa dokotala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Alzheimer si matenda amodzi okha. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: kuyamba msanga, komwe kumakhudza anthu osakwana zaka 65, ndi kuyamba mochedwa, komwe kumakhudza anthu opitirira zaka 65.
- Mtundu wa matenda oyamba msanga ndi wosowa, koma zizindikiro zake ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri umagwirizanitsidwa ndi vuto la majini lomwe limafalikira m'mibadwo yambiri.
- Mtundu wa matenda omwe timaona nthawi zambiri umakhala wogwirizana ndi ukalamba. Palibe chomwe chapezeka chifukwa chenicheni cha majini.
- Ngati wina m'banja mwanu, makamaka ali wamng'ono, akuwonetsa zizindikiro za kulephera kukumbukira, musanyalanyaze ndipo lankhulani ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Kudziwa za matendawa ndi kuzindikira msanga ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zothandizira wodwalayo kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
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