Kodi mwana wanu akukana chakudya? Kodi si chifukwa choti sakufuna kudya? Tiyeni tiphunzire za vuto la kudya zakudya zopewera/zoletsa kudya (ARFID)!

Kodi mwana wanu sakonda kudya zakudya zinazake? Kapena inuyo simukonda ngakhale kuyang'ana zakudya zinazake, ndipo mulibe chidwi chodya? Lero, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane ngati izi ndi 'kusafuna kudya' kapena china chake choopsa kwambiri. Kumvetsa bwino vutoli kudzakuthandizani inu ndi okondedwa anu.

Kodi ARFID ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Matenda a ARFID, kapena Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder, ndi matenda omwe munthu amaletsa kapena kukana kuchuluka ndi mitundu ya chakudya chomwe amadya. Monga matenda ena okhudzana ndi kudya, si matenda omwe munthu amaganizira kwambiri za thupi lake ndipo amayesa kuchepetsa thupi.

ARFID ingakuthandizeni:

• Ndimataya chidwi chofuna kudya.
• Kuopa zomwe zingachitike mutadya. Mwachitsanzo, kuda nkhawa nthawi zonse ndi kutsamwa kapena kusanza.
• Zakudya zina zimakanidwa chifukwa chakuti sizili bwino mu mtundu, kukoma, fungo, kapena kapangidwe kake.

Nthawi zina dokotala wanu angatchule izi kuti ndi "vuto losankha kudya." Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungakonde kudya mitundu yochepa chabe ya zakudya. Mungathenso kukhala ndi zizolowezi, machitidwe, kapena miyambo yokhudza momwe mumadyera. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena amadya chakudya motsatira dongosolo linalake, chimodzi pambuyo pa china.

Matendawa, otchedwa ARFID, angakhudze thanzi lanu lonse mwa kulepheretsa thupi lanu kupeza zakudya zomwe limafunikira. Ndikofunikiranso kukumbukira kuti ngati simulandira chithandizo choyenera, akhoza kupha munthu .

Kodi uku kungodya mosankha?

Ayi, ARFID si kudya mosasamala. Pali ana aang'ono omwe sakonda mtundu, kukoma, fungo, kapena kapangidwe ka zakudya zina ndipo sadya. Izi ndi zomwe timatcha 'kusankha chakudya'. Koma nthawi zambiri izi zimangokhudza zakudya zochepa chabe. Sizimakhudza kwambiri chilakolako cha mwana kapena kukula kwake. 'Kusankha' kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumatha mwana akamakula.

Koma matenda a ARFID ndi owopsa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, kusowa zakudya zokwanira kungakhudze kwambiri chilakolako cha mwana, kukula kwake, komanso thanzi lake lonse. Matendawa sachira popanda chithandizo.

Kodi ARFID ndi yofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, ARFID ndi matenda atsopano omwe adaphatikizidwa mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), gulu la matenda amisala omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito pozindikira odwala. Motero, pakadalibe deta yochepa kuchokera ku kafukufuku wa anthu ambiri wokhudza kufalikira kwake.

Kodi zizindikiro za ARFID ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?

ARFID ingayambitse kusintha kwa thupi ndi khalidwe monga:

Zinthu zooneka mwachilengedwe:

• Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri.
• Kudzimbidwa pafupipafupi.
• Kupweteka m'mimba, kusapeza bwino m'mimba, komanso kudzimbidwa.
• Kutentha kwa thupi kumakhala kotsika kuposa kwachibadwa.
• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse komanso kutopa .
• Kusamba kosakhazikika kwa akazi ndi atsikana achichepere.
• Kumva chizungulire kapena kukomoka.
• Kumera kwa tsitsi lopyapyala (lanugo) pa thupi, makamaka kumbuyo ndi m'manja.
• Kufooka kwa minofu.

Kusintha kwa khalidwe:

• Kumva "kukhuta" musanadye, kapena kutaya chilakolako chanu chonse .
• N'zovuta kukhalabe okhazikika.
• Kuchepetsa mwadala kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe munthu amadya.
• Amadya zakudya zokhala ndi kapangidwe kake kokha (monga zakudya zofewa kwambiri, kapena zakudya zokhwima zokha).
• Nthawi zonse ndimaopa zinthu monga kusanza ndikadya kapena chakudya kundimangirira pakhosi.
• Maganizo omwe kale anali 'okonda kudya kwambiri' akuchulukirachulukira, ndipo chiwerengero cha zakudya zomwe zingadyedwe chikuchepa.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti matenda a ARFID samachitika chifukwa cha maganizo oipa okhudza thupi la munthu kapena chifukwa cha chilakolako chofuna kuchepetsa thupi.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti za ARFID?

Chifukwa chenicheni cha ARFID sichikudziwikabe , koma kafukufuku wa zamankhwala akusonyeza kuti zinthu zingapo zitha kukhala ndi gawo:

• Nkhawa yaikulu.
• Kuopa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, makamaka chakudya.
• Kusintha kwina kwa majini .
• Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe chathu, anthu, ndi chikhalidwe chathu.
• Zochitika zoopsa zomwe zinachitika kale, makamaka zokhudzana ndi chakudya.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga ARFID?

Matenda a ARFID amatha kugwira anthu azaka zilizonse, kuphatikizapo akuluakulu ndi ana. Komabe, amapezeka kwambiri ali ana . Mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Ngati mwakumanapo ndi zovuta zilizonse zokhudzana ndi chakudya. Mwachitsanzo, kusowa chakudya, kukakamizidwa kudya, kapena kusowa chakudya.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda amisala (monga nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, vuto la kusakhazikika maganizo (ADHD)) kapena vuto lina lomwe limakhudza kukula kwa mitsempha.
• Ngati simukonda kwambiri kapangidwe ka zakudya zina.
• Ngati nthawi zonse mumaopa kuti kudya chakudya kungawononge thupi lanu.
• Ngati achibale anu apamtima (banja lanu lenileni) akhala ndi vuto la kudya.

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angabwere chifukwa cha ARFID?

Ngati ARFID sichithandizidwa bwino, mavuto osiyanasiyana angachitike, ena mwa iwo ndi owopsa kwambiri.

• Kusadya bwino : Kusapeza zakudya zomwe thupi limafunikira.
• Kusowa madzi m'thupi : Kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi.
• Kusalingana kwa ma electrolyte : Kusalingana kwa mchere monga sodium ndi potaziyamu.
• Kuchepa kwa magazi : Kusowa magazi.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono.
• Kuchepa kwa mafupa (Osteoporosis) .
• Kugwidwa kwa mtima mwadzidzidzi kungachitike ngakhale.
• Kuchedwa kutha msinkhu kwa ana.
• Kusintha ndi zofooka pakukula kwa thupi.

Zotsatirazi nthawi zina zimakhala zoopsa pa moyo . Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, nthawi zina thupi la munthu amene ali ndi ARFID limatha kuzolowera kupsinjika kumeneku ndipo silingasonyeze zizindikiro zilizonse zakunja. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale atayesedwa, vutoli silingadziwike bwino, koma vutoli likhoza kukulirakulira mkati.

ARFID ingakhalenso ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa moyo wanu wa anthu. Mwachitsanzo, simungafune kudya ndi banja lanu, kupita ku maphwando a anzanu, kapena kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zilizonse zokhudzana ndi chakudya. Izi zingawononge ubale wanu ndi banja lanu ndi anzanu, ndikukulepheretsani kugwira ntchito za kusukulu ndi ntchito.

Kodi matenda a ARFID amapezedwa bwanji?

Dokotala adzadziwa ngati muli ndi ARFID poganizira zinthu zingapo zofunika. Izi ndi izi:

• Kuletsa kudya zakudya kuyenera kuti kunapangitsa kuti ana achepe thupi kwambiri (mwa ana, kulephera kukula bwino), kusowa zakudya m'thupi , kudalira kudya m'machubu kapena mavitamini/zopatsa thanzi, komanso/kapena kuyanjana ndi anthu ena kuyenera kuti kunakhudzidwa ndi kuchepetsa kudya.
• Kuletsa chakudya kumeneku sikuyenera kukhala chifukwa cha kusadya mokwanira, kusala kudya pazifukwa zachipembedzo, kapena matenda enaake kapena chithandizo chake.
• Komanso, kuletsa kudya kumeneku sikuyenera kuchitika chifukwa cha maganizo oipa okhudza maonekedwe a thupi la munthu kapena cholinga chofuna kuchepetsa thupi kapena kusintha mawonekedwe a thupi la munthu.
• Ngakhale kuletsa kudya chifukwa cha matenda kapena chithandizo, kuyenera kukhala pamlingo woposa kuchuluka kwa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayembekezeredwa ndipo zimayambitsa mavuto akulu pa thanzi lonse.

Kuti atsimikizire izi, dokotala wanu adzakuyezani thupi, ndipo angakupatseni mayeso a magazi kapena mkodzo kuti aone thanzi lanu lonse, kuchuluka kwa zakudya, komanso kuyang'anira momwe ziwalo zanu zamkati zimagwirira ntchito. Mayesowa ndi ofunikira chifukwa zotsatirapo za vutoli zitha kukhala zoopsa ndipo zingakhudze ziwalo zambiri za thupi.

Kodi ARFID imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Pali zolinga zazikulu zingapo pochiza ARFID:

• Kukuthandizani kukhala ndi kulemera koyenera komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino .
• Kupewa mavuto omwe amakhudza thanzi lanu lonse.
• Kukuthandizani kuthana ndi mavuto anu amalingaliro, kudana ndi malingaliro, komanso mantha okhudza chakudya.

Chithandizo chachikulu cha izi ndi Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) . Chithandizochi chingakuthandizeni ndi zinthu monga:

• Dziwani maganizo ndi machitidwe ovuta omwe akukhudza thanzi lanu.
• Chepetsani mantha kapena nkhawa yokhudza chakudya.
• Khalani omasuka komanso omasuka ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi malingaliro.

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala oti athandize maganizo ndi thupi lanu kuchira ndikupewa mavuto omwe angakupheni. Izi zingaphatikizepo mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala, mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, kapena mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa chilakolako cha chakudya. Ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatirapo zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha mankhwala aliwonse musanayambe kumwa.

Pa milandu ina yoopsa, dokotala angasankhe kupereka zakudya za m'mimba kwakanthawi. Uwu ndi chubu chofewa komanso chosinthasintha chomwe chimalowetsedwa kudzera m'mphuno kapena mwachindunji m'mimba kapena m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Chubuchi chimalola thupi kulandira michere popanda kudya pakamwa.

Ndani amachiza matenda a ARFID? Kodi mukufuna gulu la akatswiri?

Inde, chifukwa ARFID ndi matenda ovuta, mungafunike thandizo la gulu la madokotala ndi akatswiri azachipatala kuti akuthandizeni. Gululi likhoza kuphatikizapo:

• Dokotala wa banja lanu (Dokotala wa chisamaliro chachikulu) .
• Mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo kapena katswiri wodziwa za khalidwe .
• Dokotala wodziwa bwino za kugaya chakudya (Gastroenterologist) .
• Katswiri wa matenda a chilankhulo (ngati pali mavuto monga kumeza).
• Madokotala apadera omwe amachiza mavuto ena oyambitsidwa ndi ARFID.

Kodi ndidzakhala bwino nthawi yayitali bwanji nditatha kulandira chithandizo?

Chithandizo cha ARFID chimatenga nthawi. Popeza aliyense ndi wosiyana, zimakhala zovuta kupereka nthawi yeniyeni yomwe mudzayamba kumva bwino. Zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Komabe, pamene thupi lanu likuyamba kulandira zakudya zomwe limafunikira, pang'onopang'ono mudzayamba kumva mpumulo ku zizindikiro zanu. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuyang'anira momwe mukuyendera ndikuyang'anira mavuto atsopano omwe angabwere mtsogolo, chifukwa mungafunike thandizo la gulu lanu lachipatala ndikutsatira nthawi zonse pa moyo wanu wonse .

Kodi pali njira yopewera ARFID?

Mwatsoka, pakadali pano palibe njira yodziwika yopewera ARFID.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi ARFID amakumana ndi mavuto otani? Kodi muyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

ARFID ndi matenda amisala omwe amakhudza thupi lanu mwachindunji. Ngakhale poyamba zingawoneke ngati 'kusalolera chakudya', zotsatirapo za kuchepetsa kudya zimatha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri komanso zoopsa ngati sizikuthandizidwa bwino. Ngakhale kuti ana nthawi zambiri amakula akamakula, ARFID imafuna chithandizo chamankhwala. Ikhoza kukhala vuto la moyo wonse lomwe liyenera kuthandizidwa. Anthu omwe ali ndi ARFID nthawi zambiri amagonekedwa m'chipatala.

Popeza vutoli ndi matenda atsopano mu sayansi ya zamankhwala, palibe chithandizo chimodzi chomwe chimagwira ntchito kwa aliyense. Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira, monga mankhwala ndi chithandizo chamaganizo (CBT).

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kwa dokotala mwamsanga:

• Ngati simungathe kudya kapena kumwa madzi pang'ono.
• Ngati mukumva mantha aakulu kapena nkhawa mukudya.
• Ngati mulibe chidwi kapena chilakolako chofuna kudya.
• Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwataya thupi kwambiri popanda chifukwa.
• Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi ARFID zomwe zatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Kumbukirani, nthawi zina zimakhala zosavuta kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la maganizo kuzindikira kuti akufunikira thandizo ndikupempha thandizolo. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo, kumvetsetsa, ndi chilimbikitso cha okondedwa anu ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti awatumizire kwa munthu amene angapereke chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, musazengereze kufunsa mafunso ngati awa:

• "Dokotala, kodi matenda anga ndi otani kwenikweni?"
• "Kodi ndiyenera kuwonana ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo?"
• "Kodi mankhwala omwe mukundilembera mankhwala angakhale ndi zotsatirapo zotani?"
• "Ngati sindingathe kudya bwino, ndingatani kuti ndipeze zakudya zomwe thupi langa limafunikira?"
• "Kodi ndikufunika chubu chodyetsera?"

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa ARFID ndi Anorexia ndi kotani?

ARFID ndi Anorexia Nervosa ndi matenda amisala omwe amaletsa kudya. Koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu . Anorexia imachitika munthu akakhala ndi chithunzi choipa cha thupi lake ndipo amaletsa kudya pofuna kusintha chithunzicho, makamaka kuti achepetse thupi. Mu ARFID, chiletso sichikukhudza mawonekedwe a thupi lake.

Kodi ARFID ndi gawo la Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Ayi. Ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zina za ARFID zitha kufanana ndi za autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ndi matenda awiri osiyana . Mwachitsanzo, matenda onsewa amatha kukhala ndi kudana kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka zakudya zina. Komabe, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi ARFID, kudana ndi kumva kumeneku kungayambitse mavuto aakulu, monga kusowa zakudya m'thupi kwambiri.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikukuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino za ARFID. Pomaliza, kumbukirani mfundo izi:

• ARFID ndi matenda ovuta amisala omwe sangachiritsidwe popanda chithandizo, choncho sayenera kuonedwa mopepuka.
• Ngakhale izi zingawoneke ngati 'kusalolera kudya' poyamba, ngati thupi sililandira zakudya zofunikira, zingayambitse mavuto oopsa komanso oopsa .
• Pali mankhwala omwe alipo , koma zimatenga nthawi ndi kuleza mtima. Thandizo la gulu lanu lachipatala ndi okondedwa anu lidzakuthandizani kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti inuyo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa ali ndi vutoli, chonde funsani upangiri kwa dokotala. Kuzindikira matendawa msanga ndi chithandizo ndikofunikira kwambiri!

ARFID , Matenda Opewera/Oletsa Kudya Chakudya, kukana chakudya, kusowa zakudya, thanzi la maganizo, thanzi la ana, mavuto a kudya, kudya mosasamala