Dokotala akakuuzani kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa kuti mukufuna opaleshoni ya mtima, n'zachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono. Mwina mwamvapo nkhani monga "opaleshoni imachitika mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito." Kodi zimenezi zimachitika bwanji? Kodi magazi amalowa bwanji m'thupi mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito? Kodi mpweya umalowa bwanji m'thupi? Yankho la mafunso amenewa ndi makina a mtima ndi mapapo omwe tikambirane, kapena m'mawu azachipatala, Cardiopulmonary Bypass . Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi chiyani?
Ngakhale dzinali lingawoneke lalitali pang'ono, tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta. Tiyeni tilidule m'mawu.
- Cardio ndi ya mtima wanu.
- Mapapu amatanthauza mapapu anu .
- Kudutsa njira yolowera kumatanthauza kupewa china chake.
Mwachidule, Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe magazi m'thupi amadutsa kwakanthawi ndi mtima ndi mapapo panthawi ya opaleshoni ya mtima ndipo amatsogozedwa kudzera mu makina apadera kunja kwa thupi. Makina awa amatchedwanso makina a mtima ndi mapapo .
Tangoganizirani kukonza kwakukulu kwa msewu. Panthawiyo, magalimoto amasinthidwa kupita ku njira ina mpaka ntchitoyo itatha? Ndicho chimene chimachitikanso pano. N'zosavuta kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchita opaleshoni pamtima pamene mtima sukugunda ndipo sunadzazidwe ndi magazi. Choncho makinawa amatenga ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo kwakanthawi. Izi zikutanthauza:
- Imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe akusowa mpweya m'thupi.
- Mpweya watsopano umawonjezeredwa ku magazi amenewo.
- Mpweya wa kaboni dayokisaidi umachotsedwa m'magazi.
- Magazi oyerawa, okhala ndi mpweya wabwino , amapopedwanso m'thupi .
Mwanjira imeneyi, magazi okhala ndi mpweya amaperekedwa mosalekeza ku ziwalo zina zonse za thupi panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni. Njirayi imatchedwa kukhala "pa pampu." Kawirikawiri, mankhwala apadera otchedwa ``cardioplegia'' amaperekedwa kuti ayimitse mtima.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi CABG zimasiyana?
Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka nacho. Zinthu ziwirizi si chinthu chimodzi, koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika limodzi.
- CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) ndi dzina la opaleshoniyi . Iyi ndi opaleshoni yomwe imapanga njira yatsopano (bypass) kuti magazi aziyenda kudzera m'mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima ikatsekedwa ndi mafuta.
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya CABG (ndi maopaleshoni ena a mtima). Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudutsa mtima ndi mapapo kuti athandize dokotalayo kuchita opaleshoni ya CABG mosavuta komanso mosamala.
Mwachidule, CABG ili ngati kupanga injini ya galimoto. Cardiopulmonary Bypass ili ngati kulumikiza batire lina kunja kwa galimoto kuti liziyendetsa zinthu monga magetsi ndi AC pamene injini ikupangidwa.
Ndi mitundu iti ya opaleshoni yomwe imafuna njira iyi?
Kupatsirana kwa mtima ndi mapapo nthawi zambiri kumafunika pa opaleshoni zotsatirazi:
- Kulumikiza Mitsempha ya Mtima (CABG)
- Opaleshoni ya aneurysms
- Opaleshoni yoika mtima
- Opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima (kukonza kapena kusintha valavu ya mtima)
- Opaleshoni yoika mapapo
Kodi makina ogwiritsira ntchito mtima ndi mapapo awa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Makinawa ali ngati mtima wakanthawi ndi mapapo awiri kunja kwa thupi. Tiyeni tiwone ntchito zazikulu zomwe amagwira.
| Ntchito ya makina | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa magazi mumtima | Magazi a thupi omwe atha mpweya amakokedwa mu makinawo. |
| Kuwonjezera mpweya ndi kuchotsa CO2 | Izi ndi zomwe mapapo athu amachita. Amawonjezera mpweya m'magazi ndikuchotsa mpweya woipa. |
| Kulamulira kutentha kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte | Zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi kapena kulisunga pamlingo wofunikira panthawi ya opaleshoni. |
| Kupompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya | Izi ndi zomwe mtima wathu umachita. Umagawa magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri m'thupi lonse. |
| Kupereka mankhwala oletsa mtima | Kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni azitha kugwira ntchito mosavuta, dokotalayo adzapereka mankhwala ofunikira (cardioplegia) kuti ayimitse mtima kwakanthawi. |
Kodi zigawo zazikulu za makina ndi ziti?
Makina awa ndi osakaniza zigawo zingapo.
- Ma Cannula: Awa ndi machubu apadera omwe amalumikizidwa ku mitsempha yamagazi ya thupi lanu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera mumakina ndikubweza m'thupi lanu.
- Denga: Thanki yomwe imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe atha mpweya kuchokera m'thupi.
- Mpweya wopatsa mpweya: Ichi ndi gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati mapapo opangidwa. Apa ndi pomwe mpweya umawonjezeredwa m'magazi.
- Pampu: Uwu ndi mtima wochita kupanga. Umapompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya kubwerera m'thupi pa mphamvu yoyenera.
Masitepe a njirayi panthawi ya opaleshoni
Iyi ndi njira yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri yomwe imachitika ndi gulu la akatswiri. Gululi likuphatikizapo dokotala wa opaleshoni, katswiri wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa, ndi katswiri wopaka mafuta m'thupi yemwe waphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito makinawa.
| Masitepe | Chikuchitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kukonzekera makina | Sipayenera kukhala thovu la mpweya mkati mwa machubu a makina. Ngati atero, amatha kulowa m'thupi ndikuyambitsa vuto loopsa (air embolism). Chifukwa chake, makinawo amadzazidwa ndi yankho lapadera ndipo mpweya umachotsedwa kwathunthu. |
| 2. Kupatsa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi | Mitsempha yathu yamagazi ili ndi maselo achilengedwe omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana. Koma mkati mwa machubu apulasitiki a makinawo, magazi amatha kuundana mosavuta. Pofuna kupewa izi, magazi ochepetsa magazi monga heparin amaperekedwa. |
| 3. Kulumikiza ku makina | Gulu lachipatala lidzakulumikizani ndi makina olumikizirana mtima ndi mapapo. Pakadali pano, mtima ndi mapapo anu akugwirabe ntchito. Adzaonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chikugwira ntchito bwino. |
| 4. Kuyima kwa mtima ndi mapapo | Chilichonse chikagwira ntchito bwino, mtima umapatsidwa mphamvu yoletsa mtima kwakanthawi. Chopumira chomwe mwalumikizidwa nacho chimazimitsidwanso. Makina a mtima ndi mapapo tsopano ayamba kugwira ntchito. |
| 5. Kuyang'anira panthawi ya opaleshoni | Pamene dokotala akuchita opaleshoni, dokotala wothandiza opaleshoni amapitiriza kuyang'anira makinawo ndi momwe thupi lanu lilili (kutentha, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zina zotero). |
| 6. Kuchotsa pa makina | Pambuyo poti opaleshoniyo yatha, gulu lachipatala lidzayambitsanso mtima wanu mosamala ndikulola mapapu anu kugwiranso ntchito. Kenako, mudzachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu makina. |
Kodi njira imeneyi ndi yotetezeka? Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zomwe zimachitika mu njirayi. Koma ndi njira yopambana kwambiri yomwe imachitika tsiku lililonse padziko lonse lapansi. Gulu lanu lachipatala laphunzitsidwa bwino kuthana ndi zoopsazi. Zoopsa zake zimadalira thanzi lanu musanachite opaleshoni komanso nthawi yomwe mwalumikizidwa ndi makina. Kawirikawiri, zoopsa zake zimakhala zochepa ngati mutakhala pa makina kwa maola osakwana atatu.
Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:
- Kutuluka magazi
- Kuundana kwa magazi
- Stroke
- Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, mapapo, kapena impso
- Kutupa m'thupi
- Kulephera kwa ziwalo zambiri - izi ndizosowa kwambiri.
Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza zoopsa izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izo momasuka musanachite opaleshoni kuti mumvetsetse bwino.
Nthawi yochira komanso nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala
Nthawi yochira pambuyo pa opaleshoni imasiyana malinga ndi munthu aliyense. Zimatengera mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita, zaka zanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola komanso kupezeka pa nthawi yake.
Zadzidzidzi!
Ngati pali zizindikiro zotsatirazi za sitiroko , pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani ambulansi pa 1990.
- Kuvuta kuyenda, kutayika bwino
- Kumva kuwawa kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi
- Kukhumudwa pang'ono polankhula
- Kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi
- Kuvuta kuona bwino
- Kuvuta kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi ukadaulo wodabwitsa womwe umathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo tsiku lililonse. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono kuti mtima ndi mapapo anu atengedwe ndi makina ngati awa. Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo pankhani ya njirayi. Mutha kuphunzira zambiri za ne_BODY:
Dokotala akakuuzani kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa kuti mukufuna opaleshoni ya mtima, n'zachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono. Mwina mwamvapo nkhani monga "opaleshoni imachitika mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito." Kodi zimenezi zimachitika bwanji? Kodi magazi amalowa bwanji m'thupi mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito? Kodi mpweya umalowa bwanji m'thupi? Yankho la mafunso amenewa ndi makina a mtima ndi mapapo omwe tikambirane, kapena m'mawu azachipatala, Cardiopulmonary Bypass . Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi chiyani?
Ngakhale dzinali lingawoneke lalitali pang'ono, tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta. Tiyeni tilidule m'mawu.
- Cardio ndi ya mtima wanu.
- Mapapu amatanthauza mapapu anu .
- Kudutsa njira yolowera kumatanthauza kupewa china chake.
Mwachidule, Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe magazi m'thupi amadutsa kwakanthawi ndi mtima ndi mapapo panthawi ya opaleshoni ya mtima ndipo amatsogozedwa kudzera mu makina apadera kunja kwa thupi. Makina awa amatchedwanso makina a mtima ndi mapapo .
Tangoganizirani kukonza kwakukulu kwa msewu. Panthawiyo, magalimoto amasinthidwa kupita ku njira ina mpaka ntchitoyo itatha? Ndicho chimene chimachitikanso pano. N'zosavuta kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchita opaleshoni pamtima pamene mtima sukugunda ndipo sunadzazidwe ndi magazi. Choncho makinawa amatenga ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo kwakanthawi. Izi zikutanthauza:
- Imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe akusowa mpweya m'thupi.
- Mpweya watsopano umawonjezeredwa ku magazi amenewo.
- Mpweya wa kaboni dayokisaidi umachotsedwa m'magazi.
- Kenako magazi oyera, okhala ndi mpweya amabwezeretsedwa kwaKupopa m'thupi.
Mwanjira imeneyi, magazi okhala ndi mpweya amaperekedwa mosalekeza ku ziwalo zina zonse za thupi panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni. Njirayi imatchedwa kukhala "pa pampu." Kawirikawiri, mankhwala apadera otchedwa ``cardioplegia'' amaperekedwa kuti ayimitse mtima.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi CABG zimasiyana?
Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka nacho. Zinthu ziwirizi si chinthu chimodzi, koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika limodzi.
- CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) ndi dzina la opaleshoniyi . Iyi ndi opaleshoni yomwe imapanga njira yatsopano (bypass) kuti magazi aziyenda kudzera m'mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima ikatsekedwa ndi mafuta.
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya CABG (ndi maopaleshoni ena a mtima). Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudutsa mtima ndi mapapo kuti athandize dokotalayo kuchita opaleshoni ya CABG mosavuta komanso mosamala.
Mwachidule, CABG ili ngati kupanga injini ya galimoto. Cardiopulmonary Bypass ili ngati kulumikiza batire ina kunja kwa galimoto kuti ipereke mphamvu ku zinthu monga magetsi ndi AC pamene ikupanga injini.
Ndi mitundu iti ya opaleshoni yomwe imafuna njira iyi?
Kupatsirana kwa mtima ndi mapapo nthawi zambiri kumafunika pa opaleshoni zotsatirazi:
- Kulumikiza Mitsempha ya Mtima (CABG)
- Opaleshoni ya aneurysms
- Opaleshoni yoika mtima
- Opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima (kukonza kapena kusintha valavu ya mtima)
- Opaleshoni yoika mapapo
Kodi makina ogwiritsira ntchito mtima ndi mapapo awa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Makinawa ali ngati mtima wakanthawi ndi mapapo awiri kunja kwa thupi. Tiyeni tiwone ntchito zazikulu zomwe amagwira.
| Ntchito ya makina | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa magazi mumtima | Magazi a thupi omwe atha mpweya amakokedwa mu makinawo. |
| Kuwonjezera mpweya ndi kuchotsa CO2 | Izi ndi zomwe mapapo athu amachita. Amawonjezera mpweya m'magazi ndikuchotsa mpweya woipa. |
| Kulamulira kutentha kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte | Zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi kapena kulisunga pamlingo wofunikira panthawi ya opaleshoni. |
| Kupompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya | Izi ndi zomwe mtima wathu umachita. Umagawa magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri m'thupi lonse. |
| Kupereka mankhwala oletsa mtima | Kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni azitha kugwira ntchito mosavuta, dokotalayo adzapereka mankhwala ofunikira (cardioplegia) kuti ayimitse mtima kwakanthawi. |
Kodi zigawo zazikulu za makina ndi ziti?
Makina awa ndi osakaniza zigawo zingapo.
- Ma Cannula: Awa ndi machubu apadera omwe amalumikizidwa ku mitsempha yamagazi ya thupi lanu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera mumakina ndikubweza m'thupi lanu.
- Denga: Thanki yomwe imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe atha mpweya kuchokera m'thupi.
- Mpweya wopatsa mpweya: Ichi ndi gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati mapapo opangidwa. Apa ndi pomwe mpweya umawonjezeredwa m'magazi.
- Pampu: Uwu ndi mtima wochita kupanga. Umapompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya kubwerera m'thupi pa mphamvu yoyenera.
Masitepe a njirayi panthawi ya opaleshoni
Iyi ndi njira yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri yomwe imachitika ndi gulu la akatswiri. Gululi likuphatikizapo dokotala wa opaleshoni, katswiri wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa, ndi dokotala wothandiza anthu ovulala omwe aphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito makinawa.
| Masitepe | Chikuchitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kukonzekera makina | Sipayenera kukhala thovu la mpweya mkati mwa machubu a makina. Ngati atero, amatha kulowa m'thupi ndikuyambitsa vuto loopsa (air embolism). Chifukwa chake, makinawo amadzazidwa ndi yankho lapadera ndipo mpweya umachotsedwa kwathunthu. |
| 2. Kupatsa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi | Mitsempha yathu yamagazi ili ndi maselo achilengedwe omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana. Koma mkati mwa machubu apulasitiki a makinawo, magazi amatha kuundana mosavuta. Pofuna kupewa izi, magazi ochepetsa magazi monga heparin amaperekedwa. |
| 3. Kulumikiza ku makina | Gulu lachipatala lidzakulumikizani ndi makina olumikizirana mtima ndi mapapo. Pakadali pano, mtima ndi mapapo anu akugwirabe ntchito. Adzaonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chikugwira ntchito bwino. |
| 4. Kuyima kwa mtima ndi mapapo | Chilichonse chikagwira ntchito bwino, mtima umapatsidwa mphamvu yoletsa mtima kwakanthawi. Chopumira chomwe mwalumikizidwa nacho chimazimitsidwanso. Makina a mtima ndi mapapo tsopano ayamba kugwira ntchito. |
| 5. Kuyang'anira panthawi ya opaleshoni | Pamene dokotala akuchita opaleshoni, dokotala wothandiza opaleshoni amapitiriza kuyang'anira makinawo ndi momwe thupi lanu lilili (kutentha, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zina zotero). |
| 6. Kuchotsa pa makina | Pambuyo poti opaleshoniyo yatha, gulu lachipatala lidzayambitsanso mtima wanu mosamala ndikulola mapapu anu kugwiranso ntchito. Kenako, mudzachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu makina. |
Kodi njira imeneyi ndi yotetezeka? Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zomwe zimachitika mu njirayi. Koma ndi njira yopambana kwambiri yomwe imachitika tsiku lililonse padziko lonse lapansi. Gulu lanu lachipatala laphunzitsidwa bwino kuthana ndi zoopsazi. Zoopsa zake zimadalira thanzi lanu musanachite opaleshoni komanso nthawi yomwe mwalumikizidwa ndi makina. Kawirikawiri, zoopsa zake zimakhala zochepa ngati mutakhala pa makina kwa maola osakwana atatu.
Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:
- Kutuluka magazi
- Kuundana kwa magazi
- Stroke
- Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, mapapo, kapena impso
- Kutupa m'thupi
- Kulephera kwa ziwalo zambiri - izi ndizosowa kwambiri.
Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza zoopsa izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izo momasuka musanachite opaleshoni kuti mumvetsetse bwino.
Nthawi yochira komanso nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala
Nthawi yochira pambuyo pa opaleshoni imasiyana malinga ndi munthu aliyense. Zimatengera mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita, zaka zanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola komanso kupezeka pa nthawi yake.
Zadzidzidzi!
Ngati pali zizindikiro zotsatirazi za sitiroko , pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani ambulansi pa 1990.
- Kuvuta kuyenda, kutayika bwino
- Kumva kuwawa kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi
- Kukhumudwa pang'ono polankhula
- Kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi
- Kuvuta kuona bwino
- Kuvuta kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi ukadaulo wodabwitsa womwe umathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo tsiku lililonse. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono kuti mtima ndi mapapo anu atengedwe ndi makina ngati awa. Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo zokhudza njirayi. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za njirayi apa: ne_BODY:
Dokotala akakuuzani kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa kuti mukufuna opaleshoni ya mtima, n'zachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono. Mwina mwamvapo nkhani monga "opaleshoni imachitika mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito." Kodi zimenezi zimachitika bwanji? Kodi magazi amalowa bwanji m'thupi mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito? Kodi mpweya umalowa bwanji m'thupi? Yankho la mafunso amenewa ndi makina a mtima ndi mapapo omwe tikambirane, kapena m'mawu azachipatala, Cardiopulmonary Bypass . Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi chiyani?
Ngakhale dzinali lingawoneke lalitali pang'ono, tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta. Tiyeni tilidule m'mawu.
- Cardio ndi yanuKu mtima .
- Mapapu amatanthauza mapapu anu .
- Kudutsa njira yolowera kumatanthauza kupewa china chake.
Mwachidule, Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe magazi m'thupi amadutsa kwakanthawi ndi mtima ndi mapapo panthawi ya opaleshoni ya mtima ndipo amatsogozedwa kudzera mu makina apadera kunja kwa thupi. Makina awa amatchedwanso makina a mtima ndi mapapo .
Tangoganizirani kukonza kwakukulu kwa msewu. Panthawiyo, magalimoto amasinthidwa kupita ku njira ina mpaka ntchitoyo itatha? Ndicho chimene chimachitikanso pano. N'zosavuta kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchita opaleshoni pamtima pamene mtima sukugunda ndipo sunadzazidwe ndi magazi. Choncho makinawa amatenga ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo kwakanthawi. Izi zikutanthauza:
- Imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe akusowa mpweya m'thupi.
- Mpweya watsopano umawonjezeredwa ku magazi amenewo.
- Mpweya wa kaboni dayokisaidi umachotsedwa m'magazi.
- Magazi oyerawa, okhala ndi mpweya wabwino , amapopedwanso m'thupi .
Mwanjira imeneyi, magazi okhala ndi mpweya amaperekedwa mosalekeza ku ziwalo zina zonse za thupi panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni. Njirayi imatchedwa kukhala "pa pampu." Kawirikawiri, mankhwala apadera otchedwa ``cardioplegia'' amaperekedwa kuti ayimitse mtima.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi CABG zimasiyana?
Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka nacho. Zinthu ziwirizi si chinthu chimodzi, koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika limodzi.
- CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) ndi dzina la opaleshoniyi . Iyi ndi opaleshoni yomwe imapanga njira yatsopano (bypass) kuti magazi aziyenda kudzera m'mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima ikatsekedwa ndi mafuta.
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya CABG (ndi maopaleshoni ena a mtima). Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudutsa mtima ndi mapapo kuti athandize dokotalayo kuchita opaleshoni ya CABG mosavuta komanso mosamala.
Mwachidule, CABG ili ngati kupanga injini ya galimoto. Cardiopulmonary Bypass ili ngati kulumikiza batire ina kunja kwa galimoto kuti ipereke mphamvu ku zinthu monga magetsi ndi AC pamene ikupanga injini.
Ndi mitundu iti ya opaleshoni yomwe imafuna njira iyi?
Kupatsirana kwa mtima ndi mapapo nthawi zambiri kumafunika pa opaleshoni zotsatirazi:
- Kulumikiza Mitsempha ya Mtima (CABG)
- Opaleshoni ya aneurysms
- Opaleshoni yoika mtima
- Opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima (kukonza kapena kusintha valavu ya mtima)
- Opaleshoni yoika mapapo
Kodi makina ogwiritsira ntchito mtima ndi mapapo awa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Makinawa ali ngati mtima wakanthawi ndi mapapo awiri kunja kwa thupi. Tiyeni tiwone ntchito zazikulu zomwe amagwira.
| Ntchito ya makina | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa magazi mumtima | Magazi a thupi omwe atha mpweya amakokedwa mu makinawo. |
| Kuwonjezera mpweya ndi kuchotsa CO2 | Izi ndi zomwe mapapo athu amachita. Amawonjezera mpweya m'magazi ndikuchotsa mpweya woipa. |
| Kulamulira kutentha kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte | Zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi kapena kulisunga pamlingo wofunikira panthawi ya opaleshoni. |
| Kupompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya | Izi ndi zomwe mtima wathu umachita. Umagawa magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri m'thupi lonse. |
| Kupereka mankhwala oletsa mtima | Kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni azitha kugwira ntchito mosavuta, dokotalayo adzapereka mankhwala ofunikira (cardioplegia) kuti ayimitse mtima kwakanthawi. |
Kodi zigawo zazikulu za makina ndi ziti?
Makina awa ndi osakaniza zigawo zingapo.
- Ma Cannula: Awa ndi machubu apadera omwe amalumikizidwa ku mitsempha yamagazi ya thupi lanu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera mumakina ndikubweza m'thupi lanu.
- Denga: Thanki yomwe imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe atha mpweya kuchokera m'thupi.
- Mpweya wopatsa mpweya: Ichi ndi gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati mapapo opangidwa. Apa ndi pomwe mpweya umawonjezeredwa m'magazi.
- Pampu: Uwu ndi mtima wochita kupanga. Umapompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya kubwerera m'thupi pa mphamvu yoyenera.
Masitepe a njirayi panthawi ya opaleshoni
Iyi ndi njira yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri yomwe imachitika ndi gulu la akatswiri. Gululi likuphatikizapo dokotala wa opaleshoni, katswiri wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa, ndi dokotala wothandiza anthu ovulala omwe aphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito makinawa.
| Masitepe | Chikuchitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kukonzekera makina | Sipayenera kukhala thovu la mpweya mkati mwa machubu a makina. Ngati atero, amatha kulowa m'thupi ndikuyambitsa vuto loopsa (air embolism). Chifukwa chake, makinawo amadzazidwa ndi yankho lapadera ndipo mpweya umachotsedwa kwathunthu. |
| 2. Kupatsa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi | Mitsempha yathu yamagazi ili ndi maselo achilengedwe omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana. Koma mkati mwa machubu apulasitiki a makinawo, magazi amatha kuundana mosavuta. Pofuna kupewa izi, magazi ochepetsa magazi monga heparin amaperekedwa. |
| 3. Kulumikiza ku makina | Gulu lachipatala lidzakulumikizani ndi makina olumikizirana mtima ndi mapapo. Pakadali pano, mtima ndi mapapo anu akugwirabe ntchito. Adzaonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chikugwira ntchito bwino. |
| 4. Kuyima kwa mtima ndi mapapo | Chilichonse chikagwira ntchito bwino, mtima umapatsidwa mphamvu yoletsa mtima kwakanthawi. Chopumira chomwe mwalumikizidwa nacho chimazimitsidwanso. Makina a mtima ndi mapapo tsopano ayamba kugwira ntchito. |
| 5. Kuyang'anira panthawi ya opaleshoni | Pamene dokotala akuchita opaleshoni, dokotala wothandiza opaleshoni amapitiriza kuyang'anira makinawo ndi momwe thupi lanu lilili (kutentha, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zina zotero). |
| 6. Kuchotsa pa makina | Pambuyo poti opaleshoniyo yatha, gulu lachipatala lidzayambitsanso mtima wanu mosamala ndikulola mapapu anu kugwiranso ntchito. Kenako, mudzachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu makina. |
Kodi njira imeneyi ndi yotetezeka? Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zomwe zimachitika mu njirayi. Koma ndi njira yopambana kwambiri yomwe imachitika tsiku lililonse padziko lonse lapansi. Gulu lanu lachipatala laphunzitsidwa bwino kuthana ndi zoopsazi. Zoopsa zake zimadalira thanzi lanu musanachite opaleshoni komanso nthawi yomwe mwalumikizidwa ndi makina. Kawirikawiri, zoopsa zake zimakhala zochepa ngati mutakhala pa makina kwa maola osakwana atatu.
Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:
- Kutuluka magazi
- Kuundana kwa magazi
- Stroke
- Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, mapapo, kapena impso
- Kutupa m'thupi
- Kulephera kwa ziwalo zambiri - izi ndizosowa kwambiri.
Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza zoopsa izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izo momasuka musanachite opaleshoni kuti mumvetsetse bwino.
Nthawi yochira komanso nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala
Nthawi yochira pambuyo pa opaleshoni imasiyana malinga ndi munthu aliyense. Zimatengera mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita, zaka zanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola komanso kupezeka pa nthawi yake.
Zadzidzidzi!
Ngati pali zizindikiro zotsatirazi za sitiroko , pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani ambulansi pa 1990.
- Kuvuta kuyenda, kutayika bwino
- Kumva kuwawa kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi
- Kukhumudwa pang'ono polankhula
- Kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi
- Kuvuta kuona bwino
- Kuvuta kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi ukadaulo wodabwitsa womwe umathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo tsiku lililonse. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono kuti mtima ndi mapapo anu atengedwe ndi makina ngati awa. Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo zokhudza njirayi. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za njirayi apa: ne_BODY:
Dokotala akakuuzani kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa kuti mukufuna opaleshoni ya mtima, n'zachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono. Mwina mwamvapo nkhani monga "opaleshoni imachitika mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito." Kodi zimenezi zimachitika bwanji? Kodi magazi amalowa bwanji m'thupi mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito? Kodi mpweya umalowa bwanji m'thupi? Yankho la mafunso amenewa ndi makina a mtima ndi mapapo omwe tikambirane, kapena m'mawu azachipatala, Cardiopulmonary Bypass . Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi chiyani?
Ngakhale dzinali lingawoneke lalitali pang'ono, tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta. Tiyeni tilidule m'mawu.
- Cardio ndi ya mtima wanu.
- Mapapu amatanthauza mapapu anu .
- Kudutsa njira yolowera kumatanthauza kupewa china chake.
Mwachidule, Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe magazi m'thupi amadutsa kwakanthawi ndi mtima ndi mapapo panthawi ya opaleshoni ya mtima ndipo amatsogozedwa kudzera mu makina apadera kunja kwa thupi. Makina awa amatchedwanso makina a mtima ndi mapapo .
Tangoganizirani kukonza kwakukulu kwa msewu. Panthawiyo, magalimoto amasinthidwa kupita ku njira ina mpaka ntchitoyo itatha? Ndicho chimene chimachitikanso pano. N'zosavuta kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchita opaleshoni pamtima pamene mtima sukugunda ndipo sunadzazidwe ndi magazi. Choncho makinawa amatenga ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo kwakanthawi. Izi zikutanthauza:
- Imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe akusowa mpweya m'thupi.
- Mpweya watsopano umawonjezeredwa ku magazi amenewo.
- Mpweya wa kaboni dayokisaidi umachotsedwa m'magazi.
- Magazi oyerawa, okhala ndi mpweya wabwino , amapopedwanso m'thupi .
Mwanjira imeneyi, magazi okhala ndi mpweya amaperekedwa mosalekeza ku ziwalo zina zonse za thupi panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni. Njirayi imatchedwa kukhala "pa pampu." Kawirikawiri, mankhwala apadera otchedwa ``cardioplegia'' amaperekedwa kuti ayimitse mtima.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi CABG zimasiyana?
Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka nacho. Zinthu ziwirizi si chinthu chimodzi, koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika limodzi.
- CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) ndi dzina la opaleshoniyi.Iyi ndi opaleshoni yomwe imapanga njira yatsopano (yodutsa) kuti magazi aziyenda kudzera m'mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima ikatsekedwa ndi mafuta ambiri.
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya CABG (ndi maopaleshoni ena a mtima). Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudutsa mtima ndi mapapo kuti athandize dokotalayo kuchita opaleshoni ya CABG mosavuta komanso mosamala.
Mwachidule, CABG ili ngati kupanga injini ya galimoto. Cardiopulmonary Bypass ili ngati kulumikiza batire ina kunja kwa galimoto kuti ipereke mphamvu ku zinthu monga magetsi ndi AC pamene ikupanga injini.
Ndi mitundu iti ya opaleshoni yomwe imafuna njira iyi?
Kupatsirana kwa mtima ndi mapapo nthawi zambiri kumafunika pa opaleshoni zotsatirazi:
- Kulumikiza Mitsempha ya Mtima (CABG)
- Opaleshoni ya aneurysms
- Opaleshoni yoika mtima
- Opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima (kukonza kapena kusintha valavu ya mtima)
- Opaleshoni yoika mapapo
Kodi makina ogwiritsira ntchito mtima ndi mapapo awa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Makinawa ali ngati mtima wakanthawi ndi mapapo awiri kunja kwa thupi. Tiyeni tiwone ntchito zazikulu zomwe amagwira.
| Ntchito ya makina | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa magazi mumtima | Magazi a thupi omwe atha mpweya amakokedwa mu makinawo. |
| Kuonjezera mpweya ndi kuchotsa CO2 | Izi ndi zomwe mapapo athu amachita. Amawonjezera mpweya m'magazi ndikuchotsa mpweya woipa. |
| Kulamulira kutentha kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte | Zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi kapena kulisunga pamlingo wofunikira panthawi ya opaleshoni. |
| Kupompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya | Izi ndi zomwe mtima wathu umachita. Umagawa magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri m'thupi lonse. |
| Kupereka mankhwala oletsa mtima | Kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni azitha kugwira ntchito mosavuta, dokotalayo adzapereka mankhwala ofunikira (cardioplegia) kuti ayimitse mtima kwakanthawi. |
Kodi zigawo zazikulu za makina ndi ziti?
Makina awa ndi osakaniza zigawo zingapo.
- Ma Cannula: Awa ndi machubu apadera omwe amalumikizidwa ku mitsempha yamagazi ya thupi lanu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera mumakina ndikubweza m'thupi lanu.
- Denga: Thanki yomwe imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe atha mpweya kuchokera m'thupi.
- Mpweya wopatsa mpweya: Ichi ndi gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati mapapo opangidwa. Apa ndi pomwe mpweya umawonjezeredwa m'magazi.
- Pampu: Uwu ndi mtima wochita kupanga. Umapompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya kubwerera m'thupi pa mphamvu yoyenera.
Masitepe a njirayi panthawi ya opaleshoni
Iyi ndi njira yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri yomwe imachitika ndi gulu la akatswiri. Gululi likuphatikizapo dokotala wa opaleshoni, katswiri wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa, ndi dokotala wothandiza anthu ovulala omwe aphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito makinawa.
| Masitepe | Chikuchitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kukonzekera makina | Sipayenera kukhala thovu la mpweya mkati mwa machubu a makina. Ngati atero, amatha kulowa m'thupi ndikuyambitsa vuto loopsa (air embolism). Chifukwa chake, makinawo amadzazidwa ndi yankho lapadera ndipo mpweya umachotsedwa kwathunthu. |
| 2. Kupatsa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi | Mitsempha yathu yamagazi ili ndi maselo achilengedwe omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana. Koma mkati mwa machubu apulasitiki a makinawo, magazi amatha kuundana mosavuta. Pofuna kupewa izi, magazi ochepetsa magazi monga heparin amaperekedwa. |
| 3. Kulumikiza ku makina | Gulu lachipatala lidzakulumikizani ndi makina olumikizirana mtima ndi mapapo. Pakadali pano, mtima ndi mapapo anu akugwirabe ntchito. Adzaonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chikugwira ntchito bwino. |
| 4. Kuyima kwa mtima ndi mapapo | Chilichonse chikagwira ntchito bwino, mtima umapatsidwa mphamvu yoletsa mtima kwakanthawi. Chopumira chomwe mwalumikizidwa nacho chimazimitsidwanso. Makina a mtima ndi mapapo tsopano ayamba kugwira ntchito. |
| 5. Kuyang'anira panthawi ya opaleshoni | Pamene dokotala akuchita opaleshoni, dokotala wothandiza opaleshoni amapitiriza kuyang'anira makinawo ndi momwe thupi lanu lilili (kutentha, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zina zotero). |
| 6. Kuchotsa pa makina | Pambuyo poti opaleshoniyo yatha, gulu lachipatala lidzayambitsanso mtima wanu mosamala ndikulola mapapu anu kugwiranso ntchito. Kenako, mudzachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu makina. |
Kodi njira imeneyi ndi yotetezeka? Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zomwe zimachitika mu njirayi. Koma ndi njira yopambana kwambiri yomwe imachitika tsiku lililonse padziko lonse lapansi. Gulu lanu lachipatala laphunzitsidwa bwino kuthana ndi zoopsazi. Zoopsa zake zimadalira thanzi lanu musanachite opaleshoni komanso nthawi yomwe mwalumikizidwa ndi makina. Kawirikawiri, zoopsa zake zimakhala zochepa ngati mutakhala pa makina kwa maola osakwana atatu.
Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:
- Kutuluka magazi
- Kuundana kwa magazi
- Stroke
- Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, mapapo, kapena impso
- Kutupa m'thupi
- Kulephera kwa ziwalo zambiri - izi ndizosowa kwambiri.
Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza zoopsa izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izo momasuka musanachite opaleshoni kuti mumvetsetse bwino.
Nthawi yochira komanso nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala
Nthawi yochira pambuyo pa opaleshoni imasiyana malinga ndi munthu aliyense. Zimatengera mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita, zaka zanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola komanso kupezeka pa nthawi yake.
Zadzidzidzi!
Ngati pali zizindikiro zotsatirazi za sitiroko , pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani ambulansi pa 1990.
- Kuvuta kuyenda, kutayika bwino
- Kumva kuwawa kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi
- Kukhumudwa pang'ono polankhula
- Kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi
- Kuvuta kuona bwino
- Kuvuta kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi ukadaulo wodabwitsa womwe umathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo tsiku lililonse. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono kuti mtima ndi mapapo anu atengedwe ndi makina ngati awa. Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo zokhudza njirayi. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za njirayi apa: ne_BODY:
Dokotala akakuuzani kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa kuti mukufuna opaleshoni ya mtima, n'zachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono. Mwina mwamvapo nkhani monga "opaleshoni imachitika mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito." Kodi zimenezi zimachitika bwanji? Kodi magazi amalowa bwanji m'thupi mtima ukasiya kugwira ntchito? Kodi mpweya umalowa bwanji m'thupi? Yankho la mafunso amenewa ndi makina a mtima ndi mapapo omwe tikambirane, kapena m'mawu azachipatala, Cardiopulmonary Bypass . Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi chiyani?
Ngakhale dzinali lingawoneke lalitali pang'ono, tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta. Tiyeni tilidule m'mawu.
- Cardio ndi ya mtima wanu.
- Mapapu amatanthauza mapapu anu .
- Kudutsa njira yolowera kumatanthauza kupewa china chake.
Mwachidule, Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe magazi m'thupi amadutsa kwakanthawi ndi mtima ndi mapapo panthawi ya opaleshoni ya mtima ndipo amatsogozedwa kudzera mu makina apadera kunja kwa thupi. Makina awa amatchedwanso makina a mtima ndi mapapo .
Tangoganizirani kukonza kwakukulu kwa msewu. Panthawiyo, magalimoto amasinthidwa kupita ku njira ina mpaka ntchitoyo itatha? Ndicho chimene chimachitikanso pano. N'zosavuta kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchita opaleshoni pamtima pamene mtima sukugunda ndipo sunadzazidwe ndi magazi. Choncho makinawa amatenga ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo kwakanthawi. Izi zikutanthauza:
- Imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe akusowa mpweya m'thupi.
- Mpweya watsopano umawonjezeredwa ku magazi amenewo.
- Mpweya wa kaboni dayokisaidi umachotsedwa m'magazi.
- Magazi oyerawa, okhala ndi mpweya wabwino , amapopedwanso m'thupi .
Mwanjira imeneyi, magazi okhala ndi mpweya amaperekedwa mosalekeza ku ziwalo zina zonse za thupi panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni. Njirayi imatchedwa kukhala "pa pampu." Kawirikawiri, mankhwala apadera otchedwa ``cardioplegia'' amaperekedwa kuti ayimitse mtima.
Kodi Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi CABG zimasiyana?
Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka nacho. Zinthu ziwirizi si chinthu chimodzi, koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika limodzi.
- CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) ndi dzina la opaleshoniyi . Iyi ndi opaleshoni yomwe imapanga njira yatsopano (bypass) kuti magazi aziyenda kudzera m'mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima ikatsekedwa ndi mafuta.
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya CABG (ndi maopaleshoni ena a mtima). Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudutsa mtima ndi mapapo kuti athandize dokotalayo kuchita opaleshoni ya CABG mosavuta komanso mosamala.
Mwachidule, CABG ili ngati kupanga injini ya galimoto. Cardiopulmonary Bypass ili ngati kulumikiza batire ina kunja kwa galimoto kuti ipereke mphamvu ku zinthu monga magetsi ndi AC pamene ikupanga injini.
Ndi mitundu iti ya opaleshoni yomwe imafuna njira iyi?
Kupatsirana kwa mtima ndi mapapo nthawi zambiri kumafunika pa opaleshoni zotsatirazi:
- Kulumikiza Mitsempha ya Mtima (CABG)
- Opaleshoni ya aneurysms
- Opaleshoni yoika mtima
- Opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima (kukonza kapena kusintha valavu ya mtima)
- Opaleshoni yoika mapapo
Kodi makina ogwiritsira ntchito mtima ndi mapapo awa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Makinawa ali ngati mtima wakanthawi ndi mapapo awiri kunja kwa thupi. Tiyeni tiwone ntchito zazikulu zomwe amagwira.
| Ntchito ya makina | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa magazi mumtima | Magazi a thupi omwe atha mpweya amakokedwa mu makinawo. |
| Kuonjezera mpweya ndi kuchotsa CO2 | Izi ndi zomwe mapapo athu amachita. Amawonjezera mpweya m'magazi ndikuchotsa mpweya woipa. |
| Kulamulira kutentha kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte | Zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi kapena kulisunga pamlingo wofunikira panthawi ya opaleshoni. |
| Kupompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya | Izi ndi zomwe mtima wathu umachita. Umagawa magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri m'thupi lonse. |
| Kupereka mankhwala oletsa mtima | Kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni azitha kugwira ntchito mosavuta, dokotalayo adzapereka mankhwala ofunikira (cardioplegia) kuti ayimitse mtima kwakanthawi. |
Kodi zigawo zazikulu za makina ndi ziti?
Makina awa ndi osakaniza zigawo zingapo.
- Ma Cannula: Awa ndi machubu apadera omwe amalumikizidwa ku mitsempha yamagazi ya thupi lanu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera mumakina ndikubweza m'thupi lanu.
- Denga: Thanki yomwe imasonkhanitsa magazi omwe atha mpweya kuchokera m'thupi.
- Mpweya wopatsa mpweya: Ichi ndi gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati mapapo opangidwa. Apa ndi pomwe mpweya umawonjezeredwa m'magazi.
- Pampu: Uwu ndi mtima wochita kupanga. Umapompa magazi okhala ndi mpweya kubwerera m'thupi pa mphamvu yoyenera.
Masitepe a njirayi panthawi ya opaleshoni
Iyi ndi njira yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri, yochitidwa ndi gulu la akatswiri. Dokotala wa opaleshoni, katswiri wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa, komanso katswiri wopaka mafuta m'thupi amene waphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito makinawa.Winawake ndi wa gulu ili.
| Masitepe | Chikuchitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kukonzekera makina | Sipayenera kukhala thovu la mpweya mkati mwa machubu a makina. Ngati atero, amatha kulowa m'thupi ndikuyambitsa vuto loopsa (air embolism). Chifukwa chake, makinawo amadzazidwa ndi yankho lapadera ndipo mpweya umachotsedwa kwathunthu. |
| 2. Kupatsa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi | Mitsempha yathu yamagazi ili ndi maselo achilengedwe omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana. Koma mkati mwa machubu apulasitiki a makinawo, magazi amatha kuundana mosavuta. Pofuna kupewa izi, magazi ochepetsa magazi monga heparin amaperekedwa. |
| 3. Kulumikiza ku makina | Gulu lachipatala lidzakulumikizani ndi makina olumikizirana mtima ndi mapapo. Pakadali pano, mtima ndi mapapo anu akugwirabe ntchito. Adzaonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chikugwira ntchito bwino. |
| 4. Kuyima kwa mtima ndi mapapo | Chilichonse chikagwira ntchito bwino, mtima umapatsidwa mphamvu yoletsa mtima kwakanthawi. Chopumira chomwe mwalumikizidwa nacho chimazimitsidwanso. Makina a mtima ndi mapapo tsopano ayamba kugwira ntchito. |
| 5. Kuyang'anira panthawi ya opaleshoni | Pamene dokotala akuchita opaleshoni, dokotala wothandiza opaleshoni amapitiriza kuyang'anira makinawo ndi momwe thupi lanu lilili (kutentha, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zina zotero). |
| 6. Kuchotsa pa makina | Pambuyo poti opaleshoniyo yatha, gulu lachipatala lidzayambitsanso mtima wanu mosamala ndikulola mapapu anu kugwiranso ntchito. Kenako, mudzachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu makina. |
Kodi njira imeneyi ndi yotetezeka? Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zomwe zimachitika mu njirayi. Koma ndi njira yopambana kwambiri yomwe imachitika tsiku lililonse padziko lonse lapansi. Gulu lanu lachipatala laphunzitsidwa bwino kuthana ndi zoopsazi. Zoopsa zake zimadalira thanzi lanu musanachite opaleshoni komanso nthawi yomwe mwalumikizidwa ndi makina. Kawirikawiri, zoopsa zake zimakhala zochepa ngati mutakhala pa makina kwa maola osakwana atatu.
Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:
- Kutuluka magazi
- Kuundana kwa magazi
- Stroke
- Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, mapapo, kapena impso
- Kutupa m'thupi
- Kulephera kwa ziwalo zambiri - izi ndizosowa kwambiri.
Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza zoopsa izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izo momasuka musanachite opaleshoni kuti mumvetsetse bwino.
Nthawi yochira komanso nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala
Nthawi yochira pambuyo pa opaleshoni imasiyana malinga ndi munthu aliyense. Zimatengera mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita, zaka zanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola komanso kupezeka pa nthawi yake.
Zadzidzidzi!
Ngati pali zizindikiro zotsatirazi za sitiroko , pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani ambulansi pa 1990.
- Kuvuta kuyenda, kutayika bwino
- Kumva kuwawa kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi
- Kukhumudwa pang'ono polankhula
- Kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi
- Kuvuta kuona bwino
- Kuvuta kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena
Kutsegula mtima ndi ukadaulo wodabwitsa womwe umathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo tsiku lililonse. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono kuti mtima ndi mapapo anu atengedwa ndi makina ngati awa. Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo. Mukaphunzira zambiri za njirayi, mantha anu sadzachepa patsiku la opaleshoni yanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kudutsa kwa mtima ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito makina kuti agwire ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo kwakanthawi panthawi ya opaleshoni yayikulu ya mtima.
- Izi zimathandiza dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchita opaleshoni ya mtima wosagunda komanso wopanda magazi mosavuta komanso mosamala.
- Makinawa amapereka magazi ochuluka okosijeni ku thupi nthawi zonse akamachitidwa opaleshoni.
- Pachifukwa ichi, gulu la madokotala apadera (dokotala wa opaleshoni, katswiri wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa, katswiri wopaka magazi) amagwira ntchito limodzi.
- Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa, koma gulu lachipatala limaphunzitsidwa kuzithetsa.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena mantha aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo musanachite opaleshoni.
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