Kodi mtsempha wamagazi m'khosi mwanu watsekedwa? Tiuzeni musanachite sitiroko: Zonse zokhudza opaleshoni ya Carotid Endarterectomy

Pali mitsempha ikuluikulu iwiri yamagazi yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku ubongo wathu mbali zonse ziwiri za khosi lathu. Tangoganizirani zomwe zingachitike ngati mitsempha iyi yamagazi itatsekedwa ndi plaque, kapena, plaque. Zili ngati dzimbiri lomwe limasonkhana mkati mwa chitoliro chamadzi. Kenako kuchuluka kwa magazi opita ku ubongo kungachepe. Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu adwale sitiroko yoopsa. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za opaleshoni yapadera yomwe yachitika kuti achotse kutsekeka kwamtunduwu.

Mwachidule, kodi Carotid Endarterectomy ndi chiyani?

Dzina ili ndi lalitali komanso lachilendo, koma tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta. Ili ndi opaleshoni. Opaleshoni iyi imaphatikizapo kuchotsa mafuta ndi cholesterol plaques omwe ali mkati mwa mitsempha ya carotid m'khosi mwanu. Tili ndi mitsempha iwiri ya carotid mbali yakumanzere ndi yakumanja ya khosi lathu. Mitsempha iwiriyi imapereka magazi ku ubongo wathu, khosi, ndi nkhope. Opaleshoni iyi ikhoza kuchitika kumanzere kapena kumanja, kutengera mbali yomwe yatsekedwa.

Madokotala amachotsa mafuta ochulukirapowa kuti abwezeretse kuyenda kwa magazi muubongo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mafuta ochulukirapowa amatha kuchepetsa kuyenda kwa magazi, kapena nthawi zina kuletsa kuyenda kwawo konse. Ngati ubongo wanu sulandira magazi okwanira, mumakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wogwidwa ndi sitiroko.

Kodi opaleshoni iyi ikulangizidwa kwa ndani?

Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani, adzaunikanso mbiri yanu yachipatala, ndi zotsatira za mayeso kuti adziwe ngati opaleshoniyi ndi yofunika. Opaleshoni iyi nthawi zambiri ingakulimbikitseni pazochitika zotsatirazi. Tiyeni tiwone izi mu tebulo kuti tikuthandizeni kumvetsetsa bwino.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikukonzekera musanachite opaleshoniyi.

• Mayeso apadera: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni ma scan apadera, monga angiogram ya ubongo, angiography ya CT, kapena angiography ya MR, kuti mupeze chithunzi chomveka bwino cha mitsempha yanu ya carotid ndi ubongo.
• Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mavitamini, mankhwala azitsamba, ndi zowonjezera). Mankhwala ena angafunike kuyimitsidwa kwakanthawi musanachite opaleshoni. Komabe, mankhwala monga aspirin nthawi zambiri amalembedwa kuti amwedwe panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni.
• Kusiya kusuta: Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, muyenera kusiya musanachite opaleshoni . Kusuta fodya kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana ndipo kumachedwetsa kuchira.
• Malangizo ochokera kwa gulu la zachipatala: Gulu la zachipatala lidzakupatsani malangizo omveka bwino okhudza zomwe mungadye ndi kumwa tsiku lisanafike opaleshoni, nthawi yoti mubwere kuchipatala, ndi zina zotero. Tsatirani zonsezo molondola.

Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?

Opaleshoni imeneyi imachitikira m'chipinda chochitira opaleshoni kuchipatala ndipo nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi kapena awiri.

Opaleshoni isanayambe, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi. Njira imodzi ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu, omwe amakupangitsani kugona tulo tofa nato.China ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo , omwe amangopangitsa dzanzi malo a khosi lanu kumene opaleshoni ikuchitikira muli maso. Ngati mupatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo, mudzapatsidwanso mankhwala okuthandizani kupumula.

Dokotala wa opaleshoni amachita opaleshoni motere:

1. Choyamba, amapeza malo enieni a mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa ndipo amapanga kachidutswa kakang'ono ka mainchesi 1.5 m'khosi.

2. Kenako, adzafufuza ngati akufunika kuti magazi aziyendabe kupita ku ubongo panthawi ya opaleshoni. Ngati pakufunika kutero, chubu chaching'ono (shunt) chidzayikidwa kwakanthawi kuti magazi adutse malo otsekedwawo ndikulowa mu ubongo.

3. Kenako, kudula kumapangidwa m'mbali mwa mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa ndipo mafuta omwe ali mkati mwake amachotsedwa mosamala.

4. Pambuyo poti mafuta achotsedwa, mtsempha wamagazi umasokedwanso pamodzi. Nthawi zambiri, chigamba chopangidwa ndi chinthu chapadera chimayikidwa kuti chikulitse pang'ono mtsempha wamagazi kuti usatsekekenso.

5. Pomaliza, chubu cha kanthawi chomwe chinayikidwacho chimachotsedwa ndipo magazi amabwerera mwakale.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?

Ubwino waukulu wa opaleshoniyi ndi wakuti imachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chokhala ndi sitiroko mtsogolo. Ngati dokotala wodziwa bwino opaleshoniyo achita opaleshoniyi, chiopsezocho chimakhala chochepa.

Komabe, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali mwayi wochepa wa mavuto ena.

Chiwopsezochi chingasiyane malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza:

• Kuchuluka kwa momwe mtsempha wamagazi umatsekekera.
• Kodi munayamba mwadwalapo sitiroko kale?
• Kaya muli ndi matenda ena monga matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima, kapena matenda a impso.
• Zaka zanu (chiopsezo chimawonjezeka pang'ono mukamakula).

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?

Muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa tsiku limodzi mutachita opaleshoni. Izi ndi zowunikira momwe mulili. Mudzatha kudya ndi kumwa bwino mkati mwa maola ochepa mutachita opaleshoni. Mutha kuyika chubu chaching'ono (drain) m'khosi mwanu kuti mutulutse madzi kuchokera pamalo odulidwawo. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachotsedwa mkati mwa tsiku limodzi.

Pakhoza kukhala kupweteka kwa khosi kwa milungu iwiri. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu wamba pa izi.

Kuchira nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwachangu. Anthu ambiri amapita kunyumba tsiku lotsatira opaleshoni. Akapita kunyumba:

• Kusamba: Kusamba kuli bwino. Koma musapukute guluu wa opaleshoni pa chodulidwacho kapena kulola madzi kugunda mwachindunji.
• Kusamalira chodulidwacho: Yang'anani chodulidwacho tsiku lililonse. Musapake mafuta odzola. Pewani kuvala zovala zomwe zimakwinya chodulidwacho.
• Kubwerera kuntchito: Mutha kuyambiranso ntchito zanu zachizolowezi pakatha sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri.
• Kuyendetsa Galimoto: Mutha kuyendetsanso galimoto mukangoduladula bwino ndipo palibe ululu mukatembenuza khosi lanu.

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuchita zinthu izi:

• Kutsatira zakudya zabwino .
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi ngati dokotala alola.
• Kusiya kusuta fodya kotheratu.
• Kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo.
• Kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi monga mwalangizidwira.

Kodi ndiyenera kupitanso kwa dokotala? Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa?

Inde, ndithudi. Muyenera kupita kwa dokotala mwezi umodzi mutachita opaleshoni. Kenako miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kwa zaka ziwiri, kenako kamodzi pachaka mutachita opaleshoniyo. Izi zimachitika kuti muwone ngati mtsempha wamagazi womwe unachitidwa opaleshoni ukutsekekanso, kapena ngati pali vuto ndi mtsempha wamagazi womwe uli mbali inayo, pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound scan.

Komanso, ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa opaleshoni iyi ndi malo oika stent ndi kotani?

Ili ndi vuto kwa anthu ambiri.

• Kuchotsa Carotid Endarterectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula mtsempha wamagazi ndikuchotsa mafuta omwe ali mkati.
• Kutsekereza: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa buluni kakang'ono mu mtsempha wamagazi kuti mukulitse malo otsekeka (izi zimatchedwa angioplasty), kenako ndikuyika chubu chachitsulo (stent) mkati mwa malo otsekeka kuti chisatsekekenso.

Njira zonsezi zimagwira ntchito yobwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi muubongo. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwa inu.

Ndizachilendo kuti aliyense aziopa akamva za vuto la kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo. Komabe, opaleshoni iyi ya carotid endarterectomy ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yowongolera kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo ndikukupulumutsani ku matenda oopsa monga sitiroko. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena kukayikira kulikonse, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo fotokozani zonse.