Mukuchita mantha ndi opaleshoni ya Aorta? Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule!

Tiyeni tikambirane za mtsempha wamagazi waukulu komanso wofunika kwambiri m'thupi lanu. Timautcha "aorta." Taganizirani ngati chitoliro chachikulu chomwe chimanyamula madzi kuchokera mu thanki yamadzi kupita kukhitchini ndi bafa m'nyumba mwathu. Ndi kudzera mu mtsempha uwu pomwe magazi oyera, okhala ndi mpweya wambiri amafalikira m'thupi lonse. Koma nthawi zina mtsempha waukulu uwu ungakhale ndi mavuto. Makoma ake amatha kufooka ndikutupa ngati buluni, kapena ungasweke mwadzidzidzi. Pamenepo madokotala amalankhula za opaleshoni ya "aorta". Dzinalo limamveka loopsa pang'ono, koma tiyeni timvetse mosavuta.

Kodi Opaleshoni ya Aorta ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, opaleshoni ya aorta bypass ndi njira yokonzera vuto kapena kuwonongeka kwa mtsempha waukulu wamagazi m'thupi lanu. Imalumikizana ndi mtima, imayenda kuchokera pamenepo kudzera pachifuwa kupita kumimba, kenako imafalikira m'mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi ku miyendo.

Makoma a mtsempha uwu wamagazi akafooka pazifukwa zina, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatambasula pang'onopang'ono ndikuyamba kuphulika ngati baluni . Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi kuti aneurysm . Nthawi zina, mkati mwa khoma la mtsempha wamagazi mutha kung'ambika, ndipo magazi amatha kutuluka pakati pa zigawo ziwirizi. Timatcha izi kuti kung'ambika . Mtsempha wamagazi womwe watupa kapena kung'ambika mwanjira iyi ukhoza kuphulika mwadzidzidzi (kuphulika) . Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri pamoyo. Chifukwa chake cholinga chachikulu cha opaleshoniyi ndikukonza vutoli ngozi yotere isanachitike.

Ndi nthawi ziti pamene opaleshoni yamtunduwu imafunika?

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni opaleshoni yamtunduwu ngati aneurysm ndi yayikulu kuposa kukula kwinakwake, kapena ngati ikukula mofulumira kuposa masiku onse. Kukula kumeneku kumatsimikiziridwa poyesa mosamala zoopsa za opaleshoni ndi kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike chifukwa chosachitidwa opaleshoni. Mkhalidwe wa valavu ya mtima, makamaka ngati mtsempha wamagazi ukutupa pafupi ndi mtima, umakhudzanso chisankhochi.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe aorta ingatukule kapena kuphulika motere:

• Kukhuthala ndi kuuma kwa makoma a mitsempha yamagazi: Timatcha izi kuti 'Atherosclerosis'.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi: Izi zikutanthauza 'Kuthamanga kwa magazi'.
• Matenda a minofu yolumikizana: Mwachitsanzo, matenda monga `Marfan Syndrome`.
• Kuvulala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ngozi.

Ma aneurysm amagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo kutengera komwe amapezeka.

Kodi opaleshoni ya aorta ndi yoopsa bwanji?

Ndipotu, opaleshoniyi ndi yofunika kwambiri . Chifukwa aorta ndiye njira yaikulu yoperekera magazi ku thupi lonse. Ngati ntchito yake yasiya ngakhale pang'ono, thupi lonse lidzalephera kugwira ntchito bwino.

Koma pali chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa apa. Kupambana ndi chitetezo cha opaleshoni yosankha, yomwe imakonzedwa ndi kukonzedwa pasadakhale, ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa opaleshoni yadzidzidzi, yomwe imachitika pamene aneurysm yatsala pang'ono kuphulika. Anthu omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni isanaphulike ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopulumutsa miyoyo yawo.

Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitika bwanji? Kodi njira zake ndi ziti?

Kutengera ndi vuto lanu, dokotala ali ndi njira zingapo zazikulu zochitira opaleshoniyi.

1. Opaleshoni Yotseguka: Pa opaleshoniyi, opaleshoniyi imachitika mwa kudula pakati pa chifuwa (sternotomy), kutsegula chifuwa pakati pa nthiti ziwiri (thoracotomy), kapena kudula mimba. Iyi ndi njira yachikhalidwe.

2. Njira Yosalowa M'mitsempha Yochepa Kapena Yosalowa M'mitsempha Yonse:Iyi ndi njira yatsopano. Palibe kudula kwakukulu. M'malo mwake, dzenje laling'ono limapangidwa kudzera mu mtsempha wamagazi m'mimba, ndipo chipangizo chotchedwa stent graft chimalowetsedwa kudzera mmenemo pogwiritsa ntchito catheter kudera lomwe lili ndi vuto la mitsempha yamagazi.

Taganizirani izi ngati kukonza chitoliro chakale chamadzi poika chatsopano mkati. Stent iyi ndi chubu chopangidwa ndi ukonde wachitsulo ndi nsalu yapadera. Ikayikidwa mkati mwa aneurysm, magazi amatuluka mu chubu chatsopanochi. Kenako kuthamanga kwa magazi sikugunda khoma lofooka lomwe lakhala likutupa. Chifukwa chake, limasiya kuphulika.

Kodi ubwino wa njira ya endovascular ndi wotani?

• Nthawi yomwe ndimakhala kuchipatala ndi yochepa.
• Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwa iwo omwe sangathe kupirira chiopsezo cha opaleshoni yotseguka.
• Popeza palibe kudula kwakukulu, nthawi yochira ndi yochepa kwambiri.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kuchita musanachite opaleshoni.

• Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa (ngakhale omwe sanalembedwe ndi dokotala). Mankhwala ena angafunike kuti musiye kumwa masiku angapo opaleshoni isanachitike.
• Pezani mayeso onse ndi magazi omwe dokotala wanu adalamula, monga EKG ndi CT scan, zomwe zachitika panthawi yake.
• Konzani kuti wina akuthandizeni kupita ndi kubwera kuchipatala. Ndibwinonso kukhala ndi munthu woti akuthandizeni masiku oyamba mutachita opaleshoni mukafika kunyumba.
• Funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yeniyeni yomwe muyenera kusiya kudya ndi kumwa usiku woti opaleshoni ichitike.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni komanso pambuyo pake?

Mtundu wa opaleshoni umasiyana malinga ndi vuto la mtsempha wanu wamagazi ndi mtundu wa opaleshoni. Kawirikawiri, dokotalayo amachotsa gawo lowonongeka la mtsempha wamagazi ndikuliyika m'malo mwake ndi cholumikizira chopangidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa monga Dacron .

Nthawi zina zovuta, makamaka ngati aneurysm yafalikira kuchokera pachifuwa kupita kumimba, njira zapadera monga njira ya "thunthu la njovu" ya magawo awiri imagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, choyamba mudzalowetsedwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) . Mukadzachira, mutha kukhala ndi chubu chopumira pakhosi panu. Chidzachotsedwa mukadzatha kupuma nokha. Mudzatha kuyamba kuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Kenako mudzasamutsidwira ku chipinda chogona chachizolowezi. Dokotala adzakuuzani nthawi yomwe mwakonzeka kupita kunyumba.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire? Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?

Nthawi yochira imasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa opaleshoniyo.

• Mukachita opaleshoni yotseguka: Nthawi zambiri mumayenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa pafupifupi sabata imodzi. Zingatenge miyezi iwiri kapena itatu kuti muchire bwino.
• Pambuyo pa Endovascular: Muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri okha. Nthawi yochepa, pafupifupi milungu iwiri kapena itatu, ndi yokwanira kuti munthu achire mokwanira.

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni yaikulu iliyonse, pali zoopsa. Mavuto monga kutuluka magazi, sitiroko, matenda a mtima, kulephera kwa impso, matenda, ndi magazi kuundana amatha kuchitika. Komabe, zoopsazi zitha kuchepetsedwa ndi opaleshoni yokonzedwa bwino yochitidwa motsogozedwa ndi gulu lachipatala laluso.

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi mutachita opaleshoni, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo .

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mudzakumana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse. Kenako adzakujambulani CT kapena MRI kuti awone momwe graft ilili komanso mavuto ena aliwonse okhudzana ndi aorta.