Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri zokhudza miyala ya m'ndulu. Muyeneranso kudziwa zinthu izi.

Kodi munamvapo za "miyala ya ndulu"? Mwina m'modzi mwa abale anu kapena mnzanu adakhalapo ndi vutoli. Mwachidule, izi ndi zidutswa zolimba, zonga miyala zomwe zimapangidwa mkati mwa ndulu yanu, chiwalo chaching'ono chomwe chili pansi pa chiwindi chanu. Dokotala wanu angatchulenso vutoli kuti "cholelithiasis."

Ntchito ya ndulu ndi momwe miyala imapangidwira

Chabwino, choyamba tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika ku ndulu. Ntchito yayikulu ya ndulu ndikusunga kwakanthawi 'ndulu', kapena madzi omwe timatcha `(ndulu), omwe amatithandiza kugaya chakudya chomwe timadya, makamaka zakudya zamafuta. 'Ndulu' iyi imapangidwa m'chiwindi. Kuwonjezera pa kutithandiza kugaya chakudya, 'ndulu' iyi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuchotsa zinyalala monga cholesterol yochulukirapo ndi bilirubin m'thupi.

Kotero, ngati pazifukwa zina kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kapena bilirubin mu `bile` iyi kukuwonjezeka, kapena ngati mankhwala omwe ali mu `bile` ataya, amasonkhana ndikulimba kukhala miyala. Ndicho chimene timatcha miyala ya ndulu. Miyala iyi ikhoza kukhala yaying'ono ngati mchenga, kapena yayikulu ngati mpira wa gofu. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi mwala umodzi waukulu, pomwe ena akhoza kukhala ndi miyala yaying'ono yambirimbiri.

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya miyala ya ndulu

Miyala ya ndulu ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri akuluakulu.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi miyala ya m'mimba? (Zizindikiro)

Monga ndanenera kale, anthu ambiri ali ndi miyala koma sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse. Zizindikiro zimangochitika ngati mwala watseka njira ya ndulu yomwe imanyamula ndulu kuchokera mu ndulu. Izi zimatchedwa "gallbladder attack" kapena "biliary colic". Zizindikiro zingaphatikizepo:

• Kupweteka kwadzidzidzi komanso koopsa kwambiri m'mimba pamwamba pa kumanja, pansi pa nthiti.
• Ululu wa m'mimba ukufalikira mpaka paphewa lamanja kapena pakati pa msana.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Mavuto ena a m'mimba monga kudzimbidwa, kusadya bwino, kutentha pa chifuwa, ndi kudzimbidwa.

Kodi ululu uwu ndi wotani?

Kupweteka kwa ndulu kungakhale koopsa kwambiri. Ena amati kumamveka ngati mpeni ukuwabaya. Kupwetekako kumakhala koopsa kwambiri moti ena amaganiza kuti ndi matenda a mtima.

• Ululu nthawi zambiri umayamba munthu akadya chakudya chonenepa.
• Nthawi zina ululu umakhala waukulu kwambiri moti ungakudzutseni usiku.
• Ululu ukhoza kukhalapo kuyambira mphindi 15 mpaka maola angapo.
• Mwalawo ukachotsedwa pamalo pomwe wapachikidwa, ululuwo umatha wokha.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga miyala ya ndulu?

Anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi miyala ya ndulu kuposa ena. Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli:

• Kukhala mkazi: Akazi amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza miyala kuposa amuna.
• Kukhala ndi zaka zoposa 40.
• Kunenepa Kwambiri: Anthu onenepa kwambiri ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Mbiri ya banja: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi ndulu, inunso muli ndi mwayi waukulu woti mudwale nduluyo.
• Mimba: Chiwopsezocho chikhoza kuwonjezeka pang'ono chifukwa cha mahomoni omwe amatulutsidwa panthawi ya mimba.
• Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu: Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri m'kanthawi kochepa ndi chifukwa chinanso.
• Matenda ena: Matenda monga matenda a shuga, matenda a Crohn, ndi matenda a chiwindi.
• Zakudya: Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, cholesterol yambiri, komanso zokhala ndi ulusi wochepa.
• Mankhwala ena: Kwa iwo omwe akumwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka kapena mankhwala obwezeretsa mahomoni.

Kodi dokotala angatsimikizire bwanji kuti iyi ndi ndulu?

Dokotala wanu akamvetsera zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani, angachite mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire vutoli.

• Ultrasound ya m'mimba: Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino komanso yosavuta kwambiri yoyezera. Imatha kuwona bwino ngati pali miyala mu ndulu ndi ndulu yanu.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zingathandize kuwona ngati pali matenda, kutsekeka kwa ndulu, kapena mavuto ena.
• Ma scan ena: Nthawi zina, mungatumizidwe ku ma scan apadera monga `CT` scan, `MRCP` (Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography), ndi `HIDA` scan.

Kodi mankhwala a miyala ya m'mimba ndi ati?

Chithandizo chimadalira ngati muli ndi zizindikiro kapena ayi.

Komabe, ngati mukumva ululu ndi zizindikiro zina, mungafunike chithandizo. Chithandizo chofala kwambiri ndi opaleshoni yochotseratu ndulu.

Kuchotsa ndulu ndi opaleshoni (Cholecystectomy)

Mwina mukudzifunsa kuti, "O, kodi mungakhale ndi moyo mutachotsa ndulu yanu?"Inde, mungathe popanda vuto lililonse. Chiwindi chikachoka, ndulu yomwe imapangidwa m'chiwindi imalowa mwachindunji m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Thupi limazolowera izi pakapita nthawi.

Opaleshoni imachitika m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:

1. Kuchotsa Cholecystectomy mu Laparoscopic: Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri masiku ano. Mabala ochepa ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa m'mimba, kamera ndi zida zapadera zimayikidwa, ndipo ndulu imachotsedwa. Njirayi imatha kuchitika mwachangu, ndipo nthawi zambiri munthu amakhala kuchipatala kwa tsiku limodzi.

2. Kutsegula Cholecystectomy: Iyi ndi njira yomwe ndulu imachotsedwa kudzera m'chibowo chachikulu m'mimba. Izi zimachitika ngati pali matenda oopsa kapena mavuto ena. Zimatenga nthawi kuti munthu achire.

Mankhwala omwe angachitike popanda opaleshoni

Kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda ena omwe amachititsa kuti opaleshoni isatheke, njira zina zochiritsira zingaganizidwe.

• Mankhwala: Pali mankhwala omwe amatha kusungunula miyala ya cholesterol. Koma awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa miyala yaying'ono kwambiri. Ndipo chithandizo chingatenge miyezi, ngakhale zaka. Chithandizo chikatha, miyala imatha kubwereranso.
• Njira ya ERCP: Njira yotchedwa Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa miyala yomwe yakhala mu ducts ya ndulu.

Kodi miyala ya ndulu ingapewedwe?

Ngakhale sitingathe kusintha zinthu zina zomwe zingatibweretsere mavuto (monga zaka ndi mbiri ya banja), tingachepetse chiopsezochi mwa kusintha moyo wathu.

• Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino: Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa mavuto. Komabe, musachepetse thupi kwambiri nthawi imodzi. Chepetsani thupi pang'onopang'ono, m'njira yabwino.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Chepetsani zakudya zofulumira komanso zakudya zopangidwa ndi mafuta ambiri, mafuta, ndi shuga. Phatikizani zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi ulusi monga ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, ndi tirigu wonse muzakudya zanu.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, monga kuyenda, kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku.
• Musamadumphe chakudya: Kusala kudya kwa maola ambiri kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha ndulu kusonkhana mu ndulu ndikupanga miyala. Choncho musadumphe chakudya chanu chachikulu.