Kodi mukuganizanso za opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima? (Opaleshoni ya Vavu ya Mtima) Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwachidule.

Mtima wanu ndi pampu yodabwitsa. Mkati mwa pampu iyi muli zigawo zinayi zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati zitseko. Timatcha izi "ma valavu." Nthawi iliyonse mtima wanu ukugunda, zitseko izi zimatseguka ndikutseka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda mbali imodzi. Koma nthawi zina ma valavu awa akadwala kapena sagwira ntchito bwino, magazi amatsekeka. Nthawi zina magazi amabwerera m'mbuyo, kapena valavu imatsekeka ndipo magazi sangathe kuyenda patsogolo. Pamenepo ndi pomwe madokotala amalankhula za "opaleshoni ya valavu ya mtima." Ndizachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono mukamva mawu awa, koma izi zimathandiza mtima wanu kugwiranso ntchito bwino. Mtima wanu ukakhala bwino, mumamvanso bwino.

Kodi ma valve omwe ali mumtima ndi otani?

Mtima wathu uli ndi zipinda zazikulu zinayi. Pali mitundu ikuluikulu inayi ya ma valve omwe amalamulira kuyenda kwa magazi pakati pa zipinda izi. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

Ndi mitundu iti ya opaleshoni yomwe ilipo?

Mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mukufuna idzadalira zinthu zingapo. Dokotala wanu adzaganizira izi:

• Kapangidwe ka mtima wanu.
• zaka zanu.
• Matenda ena omwe muli nawo.
• Moyo wanu.

Pambuyo pa mayeso, dokotala adzadziwa vuto lomwe lili ndi valavu yanu komanso momwe ilili yoopsa. Kenako, adzasankha opaleshoni yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu. Nthawi zina, opaleshoni iyi ya valavu ingachitike limodzi ndi opaleshoni ina ya mtima. Mwachitsanzo, ikhoza kuchitika limodzi ndi opaleshoni ya bypass kapena opaleshoni ya atrial fibrillation .

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya opaleshoni.

1. Opaleshoni yokonza ma valve a mtima

Izi zimaphatikizapo kukonza vutolo pamene mukusunga valavu yanu momwe mungathere. Zili ngati kukonza chinthu chomwe chasweka. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamavuto a valavu ya mitral. Koma ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa mavalavu ena.

2. Opaleshoni yosintha ma valavu a mtima

Mu njira iyi, valavu yanu yodwala imachotsedwa kwathunthu ndipo valavu yatsopano imayikidwa m'malo mwake. Vavu yatsopanoyi ikhoza kukhala yachilengedwe (yopangidwa kuchokera ku nkhumba, ng'ombe, kapena minofu ya munthu) kapena yamakina ( yopangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo kapena kaboni). Kaya mtundu wanji wayikidwa, thupi lanu silidzakana.

Kodi opaleshoni imafunika liti?

Ngati mankhwala operekedwa a matenda a valve sakugwiranso ntchito, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mukupitirizabe kukhala ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, mungafunike kuganizira za opaleshoni.

• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Kuyika chisindikizo.

Simuyenera kudikira mpaka zizindikiro zanu zitakula kwambiri. Nthawi zina madokotala amasankha kuti ndi bwino kuchita opaleshoni zizindikiro zisanayambe. Ichi ndi chisankho chomwe inu, dokotala wanu wa mtima, ndi dokotala wanu muyenera kupanga pamodzi.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?

Muyenera kuyesedwa kangapo tsiku lisanafike opaleshoni.

• X-ray ya pachifuwa.
• Echocardiogram.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG).
• Kujambula kwa CT.
• Kutsegula kwa catheter ya mtima.
• Kuyezetsa magazi.

Musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse pambuyo pa pakati pausiku usiku woti opaleshoni ichitike. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe mukumwa ndipo mudziwe zomwe mungasiye kumwa musanachite opaleshoni.

Pa tsiku la opaleshoni, valani zovala zomasuka komanso zomasuka. Siyani zinthu zanu zamtengo wapatali kwa munthu amene adzakuperekezeni. Ogwira ntchito kuchipatala asanachite opaleshoni, adzayeretsa malo ochitira opaleshoni ndikuchotsa tsitsi lililonse ngati pakufunika kutero.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?

Simudzamva chilichonse panthawi ya opaleshoni chifukwa mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kudzera m'mitsempha.

Dokotala adzayesa kuchita opaleshoniyi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yaying'ono yocheka. Pa opaleshoniyi, ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo anu imasamutsidwira ku makina opangidwa (makina a mtima ndi mapapo). Kenako valavu imakonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa. Ntchito ikatha, mtima wanu umayambiranso ndipo chifuwa chanu chimatsekedwa.

Pali njira zingapo zochitira opaleshoniyi:

• Opaleshoni yachikhalidwe yotsegula mtima: Kuduladula kwa mainchesi 6-8 kumapangidwa pakati pa chifuwa.
• Opaleshoni yocheperako: Izi zimachitika kudzera mu kudula kwa mainchesi 3-4 kapena pang'ono. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito endoscopic kapena pogwiritsa ntchito robotically.
• Transcatheter: Njira iyi siigwiritsa ntchito kudula pachifuwa. Catheter imayikidwa kudzera mu mtsempha waukulu wamagazi m'mimba ndi mumtima kuti ilowe m'malo mwa valavu. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi njira yotchedwa TAVR .

Opaleshoni imeneyi nthawi zambiri imatenga maola awiri kapena asanu.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndi nthawi yochira

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mudzalowetsedwa ku Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Kumeneko, vuto lanu lidzayang'aniridwa mosamala kwambiri. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, mudzasamutsidwira ku ward wamba. Mudzakhala m'chipatala kwa masiku pakati pa 5 ndi 7.

Mungakhale ndi machubu oikidwa pachifuwa chanu kuti muchotse madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi lanu. Mungakhale mutalumikizidwa ndi makina kuti muwone kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima wanu.

Madokotala adzakulimbikitsani kuti muyambe kuyenda mwachangu momwe mungathere. Mutha kuyamba ndi kuyenda m'chipinda kenako pang'onopang'ono kukulitsa mtunda. Muthanso kutumizidwa ku cardiac rehab, yomwe ndi pulogalamu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi yoyang'aniridwa.

Nthawi zambiri zimatenga pakati pa masabata 4 ndi 8 kuti muchire bwino. Komabe, ngati munachitidwa opaleshoni yochepa kwambiri, nthawi yanu yochira ingakhale yochepa.

Kodi mumasamalira bwanji mukafika kunyumba?

• Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola. Pitani kuzipatala pa masiku omwe akonzedwa.
• Pumulani. Mudzamva kutopa msanga m'masabata atatu oyambirira. Musapite kuntchito yomwe simungathe kupirira.
• Musayendetse galimoto kwa milungu ingapo.
• Musanyamule kulemera kopitirira 5-7 kg kwa masabata 6-8 oyambirira.
• Funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomwe mungabwerere kuntchito.

Kodi zoopsa ndi ubwino wa opaleshoni ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zina, koma ubwino wochita opaleshoniyo umaposa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chosakhala nayo.

Zoopsazi zimasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu wanu, matenda ena, komanso zovuta za opaleshoniyi. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi mutabwerera kunyumba kuchokera ku opaleshoni, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

• Ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa kapena pafupi ndi chotupacho .
• Ngati mukumva nkhawa kapena kupsinjika maganizo kwambiri ( izi zitha kuchitika mutachita opaleshoni).
• Ngati muli ndi malungo (ichi chingakhale chizindikiro cha matenda).
• Ngati kulemera kwa thupi lanu kukukwera ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 2-3 nthawi imodzi (izi zikutanthauza kuti madzi akusonkhana m'thupi).

Mafunso ena omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri

Kodi valavu yatsopano imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Zimadalira zaka zanu, mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita, ndi mtundu wa valavu yomwe mudachita. Mavalavu amakina amakhala nthawi yayitali, koma mavalavu achilengedwe angafunike kusinthidwa zaka 10-20 zilizonse, makamaka ngati aikidwa mwa wachinyamata.

Kodi ndiyenera kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala oletsa magazi kutuluka magazi pambuyo pa opaleshoni?

• Ngati munapatsidwa valavu yamakina , inde, mudzayenera kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kwa moyo wanu wonse.
• Ngati munakonza valavu kapena valavu yachilengedwe , mungafunike kumwa mankhwalawa kwa milungu ingapo yokha, kapena simungafunikire konse.

Kodi ndingakhale moyo wabwinobwino nditachita opaleshoni?

Inde! Anthu ambiri akhoza kubwerera ku zinthu zomwe ankachita asanachite opaleshoni. Kuchira kwanu kudzadaliranso thanzi lanu lonse. Ndizachibadwa kuchita mantha mukamva za opaleshoni ya mtima. Koma kumbukirani, ichi ndi chinthu chomwe mukuchita kuti musinthe moyo wanu kukhala wabwino. Lankhulani ndi abale anu ndi anzanu za izi. Ndi njira yabwino yothandizira kukhala ndi munthu woti akuthandizeni mukachira.