Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule za opaleshoni ya Hepatectomy, opaleshoni yochotsa gawo la chiwindi.

Ndizachibadwa kumva nseru pang'ono komanso mantha mukamva mawu akuti "opaleshoni ya chiwindi." Chifukwa chiwindi ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zofunika kwambiri komanso zazikulu m'thupi lathu. Koma pa matenda ena, makamaka matenda aakulu monga khansa, kuchotsa gawo lodwala la chiwindi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yopulumutsira moyo wanu. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za 'hepatectomy' iyi, kapena opaleshoni yochotsera gawo la chiwindi, m'njira yosavuta komanso yomveka bwino yomwe idzathetsa kukayikira kwanu konse.

N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni yamtunduwu?

Chabwino, choyamba tiyeni tiwone momwe madokotala amasankhira opaleshoniyi. Pali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu. Choyamba ndi chithandizo cha matenda a chiwindi. China ndi pamene munthu wathanzi apereka gawo la chiwindi chake kwa wodwala (Living Donor Liver Transplantation).

Matenda a chiwindi

Opaleshoni iyi nthawi zambiri imachitika kuti ichotse zotupa zomwe zapangika m'chiwindi. Zotupazi zitha kukhala za khansa, zoyambitsa khansa, kapena zosayambitsa khansa. Pali mitundu iwiri ya khansa ya chiwindi.

1. Choyamba: Izi zikutanthauza kuti khansa imayambira m'chiwindi.

2. Yachiwiri: Izi zikutanthauza kuti khansa yayamba kwina m'thupi (monga m'matumbo) ndipo yafalikira ku chiwindi.

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya khansa yomwe imachiritsidwa ndi opaleshoniyi ndi iyi:

• Khansa ya chiwindi - Iyi ndi khansa yaikulu yomwe imayambira m'chiwindi.
• Cholangiocarcinoma - Iyi ndi khansa yomwe imayambira m'chiwindi.
• Khansa ya m'matumbo yofalikira - Kufalikira kwa khansa ya m'matumbo kupita ku chiwindi.

Opaleshoni iyi siichitika kokha pa khansa, komanso pa matenda ena:

• Miyala ya ndulu m'mitsempha ya ndulu mkati mwa chiwindi (mitsempha ya intrahepatic).
• Zotupa zofala monga adenoma.
• Matenda a chiwindi.

Munthu wathanzi amapereka gawo la chiwindi chake

Ichi ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri. Chiwindi cha munthu chikawonongeka kwambiri ndipo chikufunika kuikidwa chiwindi, munthu wathanzi amatha kupereka gawo la chiwindi chake kwa wodwalayo. Mu mtundu uwu wa chopereka, gawo la chiwindi cha wopereka limachotsedwa opaleshoni. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti chiwindi chotsala cha woperekayo ndi chiwindi chatsopano cha wodwalayo woikidwa chimakulanso kukhala chiwindi chathunthu.

Kodi opaleshoniyi ndi yoopsa bwanji? Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse?

Inde, opaleshoni yochotsa gawo la chiwindi ndi opaleshoni yovuta kwambiri komanso yovuta.Zimaonedwa choncho. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndichakuti pali mitsempha yambiri yamagazi yomwe imafalikira m'chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, kutuluka magazi kwambiri kumatha kuchitika panthawi ya opaleshoni. Chifukwa chake, madokotala ochita opaleshoni amenewa ayenera kukhala ndi maphunziro apadera kuti apewe kuwononga mitsempha yamagazi ndikuletsa kutuluka magazi.

Koma pali izi:

• Kuchotsa chiwindi pang'ono: Ngati kuchotsedwa kwa chiwindi chochepera theka, chiopsezo chimakhala chochepa. Maopaleshoni oterewa tsopano akhoza kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosavulaza kwambiri monga laparoscopy kapena opaleshoni ya robotic .
• Kuchotsa chiwindi chachikulu: Ngati chiwindi choposa theka chikufunika kuchotsedwa, zimakhala zovuta komanso zoopsa pang'ono.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike?

Musanachite opaleshoniyi, gulu lachipatala lidzaganizira mosamala zinthu zingapo. Pamenepo ndi pomwe adzasankha ngati opaleshoniyi ndi yoyenera kwa inu.

Zinthu zomwe dokotala amaganizira:

• Kodi thanzi lanu lakuthupi ndi lamphamvu mokwanira kuti mupirire opaleshoni yaikulu yotereyi?
• Kodi chotupa kapena gawo la chiwindi lomwe lili ndi matenda lingachotsedwe mwa opaleshoni?
• Ngati ndi khansa, kodi yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi kupatula chiwindi?

Nthawi zina, ngati chotupa cha khansa chili chachikulu, n'zotheka kupangitsa opaleshoni kukhala yosavuta komanso yotetezeka popereka chithandizo monga chithandizo cha radiation kapena chemotherapy musanachite opaleshoni kuti chotupacho chichepe.

Komanso, madokotala ayenera kusankha ngati mukufuna kuikidwa chiwindi pang'ono kapena kuikidwa chiwindi chonse. Zinthu izi zidzakhudza chisankho chimenecho:

• Kodi chotupacho chafalikira mpaka pati?
• Kodi chiwindi chanu chonse chili ndi thanzi labwino bwanji?
• Kodi gawo lotsala la chiwindi pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndi lokwanira kugwira ntchito za thupi?

Mayeso asanachitike opaleshoni

Kuti mudziwe zonsezi, dokotala wanu adzalamula mayeso angapo, monga:

• Mayeso ojambulira: Kujambula kwa CT kapena MRI.
• Mayeso a ntchito ya chiwindi: Awa ndi mayeso a magazi achizolowezi.
• Kuyeza chiwindi: Kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono kwambiri cha chiwindi kuti chikafufuzidwe.

Kodi njira zazikulu zochitira opaleshoni ndi ziti?

Opaleshoni ya hepatectomy ingachitike m'njira zitatu zazikulu. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwambiri pa vuto lanu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ku gawo la chiwindi lomwe lachotsedwa? Kodi lidzakulanso?

Inde! Ichi ndi chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri pa chiwindi. Chiwindi chili ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa zodzikonza ndi kudzipanganso.

Tangoganizirani, ngakhale magawo awiri mwa atatu a chiwindi chathanzi atachotsedwa, gawo lotsala lathanzi likhoza kugawikananso, kukula, ndikubwereranso kukula kwake koyambirira mkati mwa milungu kapena miyezi ingapo. Monga momwe mchira wa buluzi umakuliranso ukadulidwa. Koma liwiro la kukula kumeneku kumadalira zinthu zingapo.

• Ngati mudalandirapo kale mankhwala a chemotherapy.
• Ngati pali mafuta ambiri m'chiwindi (chiwindi chamafuta).
• Ngati muli ndi matenda osatha a chiwindi monga cirrhosis.

Muzochitika zotere, kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsedwa kwa chiwindi kungakhale kocheperako pang'ono.

Kodi njira zochitira opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?

Ngakhale kuti pali kusiyana pang'ono kutengera njira yochitira opaleshoni ndi kuchuluka kwa minofu yochotsedwa, opaleshoniyi nthawi zambiri imakhala motere:

1. Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka: Mudzagonekedwa tulo tofa nato (mankhwala oletsa kupweteka) musanachite opaleshoni.

2. Kupanga chotupa: Pa opaleshoni yotseguka, chotupa chachitali chimapangidwa m'mimba. Pa opaleshoni ya laparoscopy, chotupa chaching'ono chimapangidwa kangapo.

3. Kukonzekera chiwindi: Dokotala wochita opaleshoni adzazindikira gawo lenileni la chiwindi lomwe likufunika kuchotsedwa. Pa opaleshoniyi, ultrasound ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ngati gawo lomwe likufunika kuchotsedwa lili pafupi ndi ndulu, nduluyo ingafunikenso kuchotsedwa.

4. Kuchotsa chiwindi: Dokotala amalekanitsa mosamala minofu ya chiwindi, kuzindikira mitsempha yamagazi ndi njira zotulutsira ndulu, ndikuzitseka ndi zingwe kapena zomangira. Zipangizo zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutuluka kwa magazi.

5. Kuchotsa gawo: Gawo la chiwindi lolekanitsidwa limachotsedwa m'thupi. Mu njira ya laparoscopic, kudula kwina kwa mainchesi pafupifupi 2-5 kungafunike kuti gawoli lichotsedwe.

Kawirikawiri, opaleshoni iyi imatha kutenga pakati pa maola awiri ndi asanu ndi limodzi .

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni? Kuchipatala

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, choyamba mudzasungidwa m'chipinda chapadera (post-anesthesia unit) mpaka mutadzuka kuchokera ku anesthesia, kenako n’kusamutsidwira ku chipinda chogona chachizolowezi. Ngati opaleshoniyo inali yovuta kwambiri, mungafunike kukhala m'chipinda cha odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri.

Poyamba, mudzakhala ndi machubu angapo omwe amaikidwa m'thupi lanu. Izi zidzatulutsa madzi, kupereka mpumulo m'mimba mwanu, komanso kupereka zakudya. Gulu lachipatala lidzayang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi anu, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komanso kutuluka magazi nthawi zonse.

Matenda anu akakhazikika, mwina mudzakhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo kapena sabata imodzi. Panthawiyi:

• Pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira ndi zakudya zamadzimadzi, amayamba kudya zakudya zolimba.
• Adzadzuka pabedi ndikuyamba kuyenda.
• Mapaipi omwe adayikidwa adzachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono.
• Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ofunikira kuti muchepetse ululu.

Nditabwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala, ndinapatsidwa tsiku loti ndibwerenso kudzaonana ndi dokotala pakatha milungu iwiri.

Zoopsa ndi Zovuta za Opaleshoni

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni yaikulu iliyonse, pali zoopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike, ndipo ndikofunikira kuzidziwa.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire akabwerera kunyumba?

Zingatenge milungu inayi mpaka isanu ndi itatu kuti munthu achire bwino kunyumba. Mudzafunika kupuma kuntchito panthawiyi.

• Pewani kunyamula zinthu zolemera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi otopetsa.
• Zingatenge pafupifupi masabata 12 kuti muyambenso kuchita zinthu zonse za tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Ngati opaleshoni ya laparoscopic kapena robotic idachitidwa, nthawi yochira ingakhale yofulumira pang'ono.

Kuti muchiritse msanga, ndikofunikira kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono (monga kuyenda) . Yesani kuyenda kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku, koma pumulani ngati mukumva kutopa.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zachilendo mutabwerera kunyumba, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

• Madzi monga magazi kapena mafinya akutuluka pabala.
• Malungo osalekeza.
• Kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
• Kudzimbidwa komwe kumatenga masiku opitilira atatu.
• Kutupa m'mimba.
• Kuoneka kwachikasu kwa maso ndi khungu (Jaundice).