Kodi nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi magazi m'mphuno? Kodi mumapeza madontho ofiira pakhungu lanu? Kodi izi zingakhale HHT (Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia)?

Kodi nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi magazi m'mphuno? Kapena muli ndi madontho ofiira ang'onoang'ono pakhungu lanu, makamaka pankhope panu, pamilomo, ndi m'manja? Mwina amayi anu, abambo anu, kapena wina m'banja mwanu adakumana ndi mavutowa. Mwina sitingasamale kwambiri ndi zinthuzi, ponena kuti, "O, ndi m'badwo wathu wokha." Koma, nthawi zina pangakhale chifukwa chachipatala chomwe tiyenera kudziwa. Lero tikulankhula za vuto losowa koma lofunika kwambiri loti tidziwe. Ilo ndi HHT, kapena Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia .

Mwachidule, kodi HHT ndi chiyani?

HHT ndi matenda a majini omwe amapatsirana kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Amakhudza kwambiri momwe mitsempha yathu yamagazi, kapena mitsempha yamagazi, imapangikira. Ganizirani za dongosolo la mitsempha yamagazi m'thupi lathu ngati netiweki ya misewu. Pali mitsempha yamagazi, monga misewu ikuluikulu, ndi mitsempha yamagazi, ngati misewu ikuluikulu. Misewu yaying'ono, yaying'ono yomwe imalumikiza misewu iwiri ikuluikulu iyi imatchedwa capillaries.

Chomwe chimachitika mwa munthu amene ali ndi HHT ndichakuti maulumikizidwe ofooka awa otchedwa capillaries sapangidwa bwino. M'malo mwake, pali maulumikizidwe olunjika, osakhazikika, komanso ofooka pakati pa mitsempha ndi mitsempha. Mu zamankhwala, maulumikizidwe amenewa timawatcha kuti maulumikizidwe osasinthika a Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) .

Ma AVM amenewa amatha kufalikira m'chiwalo chilichonse m'thupi lathu, mwachitsanzo m'mphuno, m'mapapo, m'matumbo, kapena ngakhale muubongo. AVM yaying'ono kwambiri yomwe imapezeka pamwamba pa khungu imatchedwa Telangiectasia . Awa ndi madontho ofiira ang'onoang'ono omwe amawoneka mkati mwa khungu lanu, monga milomo. Mitsempha yamagazi yofooka iyi imatha kuphulika mosavuta. Ikaphulika ndi kutuluka magazi, ingayambitse matenda aakulu, kutengera komwe ili.

Matendawa amakhudza munthu m'modzi pa anthu 5,000 padziko lonse lapansi. Koma chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri sapezeka ndi matendawa, akukhulupirira kuti pakhoza kukhala odwala ambiri. Amatha kupezeka mwa anthu azaka zilizonse komanso amitundu yonse. Amatchedwanso Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome .

Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a HHT ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za HHT zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu. Zimatengera komwe mitsempha yamagazi yolakwika (AVM) yomwe tidakambirana kale ili m'thupi. Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zodziwika bwino. Koma ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kwambiri.

Tiyeni tigawane zizindikiro izi mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.

Chifukwa chiyani HHT imachitika?

Izi ndi za majini kwathunthu.Zimayambitsidwa ndi chinachake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, si matenda opatsirana. Ndi chinthu chomwe chimabadwa kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana. HHT ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha jini yolamulira (matenda ofala). Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngati kholo lanu lililonse linali ndi matendawa, muli ndi mwayi wa 50% wopeza matendawa.

HHT imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini awiri (jini la `ENG` ndi jini la `ACVRL1`), ndipo asayansi akufufuzabe izi.

Ngati muli ndi HHT, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kuthekera kwakuti ana anu adzalandira.

Kodi HHT imapezedwa bwanji?

Dokotala angakayikire izi atamva za zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri ya banja lanu. Ngakhale kuti kuyezetsa majini kungachitike kuti atsimikizire matendawa, nthawi zambiri matendawa amapangidwa kutengera zizindikiro.

Dokotala wanu adzakayikira kuti muli ndi HHT ngati muli ndi osachepera atatu mwa awa:

• Kutuluka magazi mobwerezabwereza m'mphuno.
• Kupezeka kwa ma telangiectasias angapo m'malo a khungu komwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika mawanga (nkhope, milomo, zala).
• Kukhala ndi AVM kapena Telangiectasia m'chiwalo chomwe chili m'thupi (monga mapapo, ubongo, chiwindi).
• Kukhala ndi wachibale wapafupi (amayi, abambo, abale) ndi HHT.

Mayeso otsimikizira matendawa

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe mayeso ena, monga:

• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Izi zimathandiza kuona ngati pali ma AVM m'chiwindi.
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kothandiza kwambiri, makamaka pofufuza ma AVM muubongo.
• Kujambula kwa CT (Computed Tomography): Kungathandize kupeza zithunzi zomveka bwino za ziwalo zamkati mwa thupi.
• Kuyesa kwa Bubble (Echocardiogram): Iyi ndi njira yapadera yoyesera. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa ngati pali ma AVM m'mapapo.

Kodi mankhwala a HHT ndi ati?

Choyamba kukumbukira ndi chakuti palibe mankhwala a HHT. Komabe, pali njira zambiri zothandiza zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto aakulu, komanso kukuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.

Pamene mukuchiza zizindikiro zanu zomwe muli nazo panopa, dokotala wanu adzafufuzanso ma AVM obisika omwe mwina alibe zizindikiro.

Nazi njira zina zochizira:

• Pakutuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi: Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta odzola ndi saline spray kuti mphuno ikhale yonyowa.
• Pa Matenda Ochepa M'thupi: Perekani mapiritsi olowa m'malo mwa chitsulo kapena, ngati pakufunika, muike magazi.
• Kuletsa kutuluka magazi: Chithandizo cha laser (`Ablation`) chimawononga mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi yomwe ikutuluka magazi.
• Kutulutsa magazi m'thupi: Izi zimaphatikizapo kutseka mtsempha wamagazi womwe umatsogolera ku AVM yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chotuluka magazi kapena kuphulika ndi chinthu chapadera.
• Opaleshoni kapena chithandizo cha radiation: Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa kapena kuchepetsa ma AVM ena.
• Kusiya mankhwala ena: Mankhwala monga aspirin omwe amachepetsa magazi kuundana angafunike kuyimitsidwa atalangizidwa ndi dokotala.

Zinthu Zofunika Kuziganizira Mukakhala ndi HHT

Munthu amene ali ndi HHT angafunike kuyang'aniridwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala kwa moyo wake wonse, koma ndi chithandizo choyenera, odwala a HHT amakhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.

Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani kuti tipewe kutuluka magazi m’mphuno?

• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo pewani mankhwala omwe amawonjezera kutuluka magazi (monga aspirin, NSAIDs).
• Sungani mphuno yanu yonyowa nthawi zonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito chotenthetsera mpweya kunyumba, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opopera m'mphuno amchere, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani n'kofunika kwambiri.
• Lembani tsiku lanu lobadwa kuti muwone ngati zakudya kapena zochita zina zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha kutuluka magazi m'mphuno.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a HHT, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulangiza banja lanu lonse kuti likayezetsedwe, chifukwa matendawa akapezeka msanga, mavuto aakulu amatha kupewedwa.