Kodi mwana wanu nayenso akufunikira thandizo? Tiyeni tiphunzire za Occupational Therapy!

Mwina mwazindikira kuti nthawi zina ana athu amavutika pang'ono kuchita zina mwa ntchito zawo. Mwina dokotala wakuuzani za 'occupational therapy' kapena occupational therapy. Ndiye, kodi occupational therapy ndi chiyani? Nchifukwa chiyani ndi yofunika kwa ana athu? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero m'njira yosavuta kumva.

Kodi Chithandizo cha Occupational Therapy ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Occupational Therapy ndi gawo lapadera la chisamaliro chaumoyo. Limathandiza anthu azaka zonse, kuyambira makanda mpaka ana azaka zopita kusukulu, achinyamata, ndi okalamba, omwe ali ndi vuto la thupi, malingaliro, kapena kuzindikira. Cholinga chake ndikuwathandiza kuphunzira kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku paokha komanso mosangalala.

Tangoganizirani, anthu ena angakhale ndi mavuto poyendetsa malingaliro awo (zosowa zamaganizo), kuyanjana ndi ena m'gulu (zosowa za anthu), kapena kuchita zinthu zina mwakuthupi (zosowa zakuthupi). Akatswiri azachipatala pantchito amazindikira zopinga izi, kupeza mayankho, ndikuthandizira kuzithetsa. Amagwiritsa ntchito zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku, masewera olimbitsa thupi osiyanasiyana, zoseweretsa, zida zosiyanasiyana, ndi njira zina zochiritsira kuti achite zimenezo. Izi zili ngati kuthandiza wina 'kuyambiranso', kuwathandiza kuchita 'ntchito' ya moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku moyenera.

Kodi chithandizo cha ntchito chimapereka chithandizo chotani kwa ana aang'ono?

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone mtundu wa chithandizo cha ntchito chomwe chingapereke kwa ana aang'ono. Chingathandize kwambiri kukonza masewera a ana, ntchito za kusukulu, ndi ntchito zazing'ono za tsiku ndi tsiku (monga kudya, kuvala, ndi kuvala nsapato). Sikuti zokhazo, zingathandizenso kukulitsa kudzidalira kwa mwana komanso kudzimva kuti wachita bwino. Kodi chisangalalo chomwe chimabwera mwana akachita chinthu payekha chimakhala chachikulu bwanji, sichoncho?

Nazi zitsanzo za momwe mankhwala awa angathandizire ana:

• Luso Labwino Loyendetsa Magalimoto: Izi ndi ntchito zazing'ono komanso zofewa zomwe zimachitika ndi zala. Taganizirani zinthu monga kugwira ndi kutulutsa chidole bwino, kugwira pensulo bwino ndikulemba bwino, kudula pepala ndi lumo, kumanga mabatani a shati, kumanga zingwe za nsapato, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kiyibodi ya kompyuta. Mwana akalephera kuchita zinthuzi bwino, zimakhala zovuta kuti achite ntchito ya kusukulu, sichoncho? Angamvenso kusamasuka pang'ono akamasewera ndi ana ena.
• Zimathandiza Kugwirizana kwa Maso ndi Manja:Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuchita zinthu zowongolera dzanja lanu poyankha zomwe mukuwona. Mwachitsanzo, luso limeneli ndi lofunika kwambiri pa zinthu monga kumenya mpira ndi mtolo, kunyamula chidole pansi, ndikulemba china chake pa bolodi. Ngati izi zili bwino, zidzakhala zosavuta kuti mwana azisewera ndikuphunzira.
• Maluso oyambira pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku amaphunzitsidwa: zinthu monga kusamba, kuvala, kutsuka mano, kudya yekha, ndi kupita kuchimbudzi. Izi zingawoneke ngati zinthu zazing'ono, koma ndizofunikira kwambiri pakudziyimira pawokha komanso kudzidalira kwa mwana. Tangoganizirani momwe zidzakhalire zosavuta kwa inu mwana wanu akazolowera kuchita zinthuzi yekha!
• Amaphunzitsa makhalidwe abwino ndi luso locheza ndi anthu: Ana ena amavutika kulamulira mkwiyo wawo kapena kukhumudwa. Sangafune kusewera kapena kulankhula ndi ena. Amachita zinthu motsatira malamulo okhudza khalidwe lawo, momwe angagwirizanire bwino ndi ena, komanso momwe angalankhulire bwino maganizo awo.
• Kupereka zida zapadera kuti mwana azitha kudziyimira pawokha: Ana ena angafunike zida zapadera kuti ntchito zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku zikhale zosavuta. Akatswiri azachipatala amawathandiza kusankha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zidazi. Mwachitsanzo, mipando ya olumala, zomangira, zida zosambira, zida zovalira, ndi zothandizira kulankhulana.

Ndani amafunikira chithandizo cha ntchito?

Chabwino, kodi ana ndi achinyamata ndani omwe angapindule kwambiri ndi chithandizo cha opaleshoni? Onani ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi. Chithandizo cha opaleshoni chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli:

• Ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kubadwa kapena zilema .
• Ana Omwe Ali ndi Matenda Okhudzana ndi Kumva Zinthu . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ana ena akhoza kukhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu monga phokoso, kuwala, kukhudza, kununkhiza, ndi kulawa (monga kutseka makutu awo akamva phokoso lalikulu), kapena sangazizindikire zinthu zimenezo (monga kusamva kupweteka ngakhale atagwa).
• Pa milandu monga kuvulala koopsa kwa ubongo kapena msana .
• Ana omwe ali ndi mavuto ophunzirira (monga kulemba, kuwerenga).
• Kwa ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum .
• Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a mafupa monga Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis .
• Ana omwe ali ndi mavuto amisala kapena machitidwe (monga ADHD, nkhawa).
• Pambuyo poti mafupa kapena mafupa ena ovulala chifukwa cha mafupa achira, gwiritsani ntchito bwino mwendo womwe wakhudzidwawo.
• Kuchedwa kwa KukulaKwa ana omwe ali ndi vutoli. Ndiko kuti, ana omwe amachedwa kuchita zinthu zomwe ana ena amachita ali ndi zaka zawo (monga kulankhula, kuyenda, kusewera).
• Kwa iwo omwe akuchira opaleshoni , kubwerera ku zochita zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Kwa iwo omwe akuvutika ndi kupsa , chepetsani kupsinjika kwa khungu ndikuwonjezera kugwira ntchito kwa miyendo.
• Ana omwe ali ndi mavuto a mitsempha monga Spina Bifida .
• Kwa iwo omwe adakumanapo ndi kudulidwa ziwalo zoopsa , azolowere kugwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zopanga.
• Ana omwe akuchira ku khansa ayenera kupezanso mphamvu zawo ndikuzolowera ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Mabala aakulu a dzanja akachira, bwezeretsani ntchito ya dzanja.
• Pangani moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a nthawi yayitali monga Multiple Sclerosis ndi Cerebral Palsy .

Monga mukuonera pamndandandawu, chithandizo cha ntchito ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala ngati chithandizo cha ntchito chili chofunikira. Musadandaule, ichi ndi chithandizo chokha.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Physical Therapy ndi Occupational Therapy?

Funso lalikulu kwa anthu ambiri ndi lakuti kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chithandizo cha thupi, chomwe timachitcha kuti 'Physical Therapy' (PT), ndi chithandizo cha ntchito (OT). Cholinga cha zonsezi ndi kukonza moyo wa ana (ndi akuluakulu), koma cholinga chake ndi chosiyana pang'ono. Zonsezi ndi zogwirizana, ndipo nthawi zina mwana angafunikire zonse ziwiri.

Mwachidule, Physical Therapy (PT) imathandiza kwambiri pa:

• Chepetsani ululu .
• Pangani mphamvu .
• Wonjezerani kuchuluka kwa kuyenda kwa mafupa , ndiko kuti, kuthekera kopinda ndi kutambasula miyendo bwino.
• Limbikitsani kupirira .
• Kukulitsa luso loyendetsa thupi lonse . Izi ndi mayendedwe akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito manja, miyendo, mapazi, kapena thupi lonse (monga kuyenda, kuthamanga, kulumpha, kukwera masitepe).

Komabe, Occupational Therapy (OT) imathandiza kwambiri pa:

• Kukulitsa luso la kuyenda bwino kwa thupi . Takambirana kale za izi, ntchito zazing'ono zochitidwa ndi zala (monga kukhudza, kulemba, ndi kukanikiza mabatani).
• Kukulitsa luso lotha kuona ndi kuzindikira . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, luso lomvetsetsa ndikuchitapo kanthu pa zomwe maso akuwona (monga kuzindikira mawonekedwe, kupeza gawo lomwe likusowa pachithunzi).
• Kukulitsa luso la kuzindikira (monga kukumbukira, kusamala, luso lothana ndi mavuto).
• Kuthetsa mavuto okhudza kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya kumva kumatanthauza kuchita zinthu moyenerera mogwirizana ndi zomwe zimakuchitikirani.

Taganizirani izi motere. Ngati wina wavulala mwendo wake pangozi, chithandizo chamankhwala (PT) chingamuthandize kuyenda, kuthamanga, ndi kulimbitsanso mphamvu. Koma ngati akuvutika kudya, kuvala, kulemba, kapena kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku kachiwiri, chithandizo chamankhwala cha occupational (OT) chingathandize. Chimodzi chimayang'ana kwambiri luso la minofu ndi mphamvu, pomwe china chimayang'ana kwambiri luso la minofu, luso la kuzindikira, ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kumva zomwe zimafunika kuti munthu agwire ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Mukuwona kusiyana?

Ndani amachita chithandizo cha ntchito imeneyi?

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti, ndani amapereka chithandizochi chotchedwa Occupational Therapy? Si aliyense amene angachite izi, pali anthu omwe alandira maphunziro apadera pa izi. Pali magulu awiri aukadaulo:

1. Katswiri Wothandiza Anthu Ogwira Ntchito (OT): Anthuwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi digiri ya bachelor ya zaka 4 mu gawo lofanana (monga biology, psychology, health science) ndi digiri ya master kuchokera ku pulogalamu yovomerezeka ya chithandizo cha ntchito. Amawunika odwala, kupanga mapulani a chithandizo chawo, ndikuyang'anira chithandizocho.

2. Wothandizira Wothandizira Ogwira Ntchito (OTA): Anthuwa apeza digiri ya Associate kuchokera ku pulogalamu yovomerezeka yothandizira odwala pantchito. Angathe kugwiritsa ntchito mapulani ochiritsira opangidwa ndi katswiri wothandiza odwala pantchito (OT) motsogozedwa ndi OT. Komabe, nthawi zambiri saloledwa kuchita mayeso a odwala.

Onse akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito (OTs) ndi othandizira odziwa bwino ntchito (OTAs) ayenera kumaliza mapulogalamu oyang'aniridwa a ntchito za m'munda. Ayeneranso kupambana mayeso a satifiketi ya dziko lonse (m'maiko ambiri). M'maiko ambiri, monga Sri Lanka, kulembetsa kwa boma kapena chilolezo chochita ntchitoyi ndikofunikira kuti azichita ntchitoyi. Ayeneranso kupita ku makalasi opitiliza maphunziro kuti asinthe chidziwitso chawo.

Kodi akatswiri a za ntchito amagwira ntchito kuti?

Akatswiri a zamaganizo pantchito amagwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana. Mutha kuwapeza m'malo monga:

• Mu zipatala za boma ndi zachinsinsi
• M'masukulu (makamaka masukulu okhala ndi ana omwe ali ndi zosowa zapadera zamaphunziro)
• M'malo ochiritsira odwala
• M'zipatala ndi m'zipatala za matenda amisala
• M'zipatala ndi m'zipatala zachinsinsi
• Mu zipatala za ana ndi malo ophunzitsira ana
• Nthawi zina pamakhala chithandizo chamankhwala kunyumba.

Kotero, ngati mwana wanu akufunika chithandizochi, sizidzakhala zovuta kupeza malo oyenera.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji katswiri wabwino wa zamaganizo pantchito?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu angapindule ndi chithandizo cha opaleshoni, nazi zina zomwe mungachite:

• Funsani dokotala wa ana kapena dokotala wa banja wa mwana wanu kuti akutumizireni kwa katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amadziwa omwe ali akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito komanso odziwa bwino ntchito.
• Ngati mwana wanu ali kusukulu, lankhulani ndi aphunzitsi a kusukulu, aphunzitsi a maphunziro apadera, kapena mlangizi wotsogolera. Angathe kulangiza munthu wina malinga ndi zosowa za mwana wanu pa maphunziro kapena chikhalidwe.
• Funsani kuchipatala cha boma chapafupi nanu (makamaka dipatimenti yothandiza anthu ovutika) kapena chipatala chachikulu chachinsinsi. Akhozanso kukuthandizani ndikukupatsani zambiri.
• Ku Sri Lanka, kuli mabungwe a akatswiri monga Sri Lanka Society of Occupational Therapists (SLSOT) . Mutha kupeza zambiri zokhudza akatswiri olembetsa pa webusaiti yawo kapena powalankhulana nawo.
• Funsani makolo ena. Ngati mukudziwa makolo omwe adagwiritsa ntchito mautumikiwa, zomwe adakumana nazo ndizofunika kwambiri.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kusankha munthu woyenera mwana wanu, munthu amene angathe kulankhulana bwino ndi mwanayo, munthu amene mwanayo amamukonda, komanso munthu amene amakupangitsani kukhala ndi chidaliro. Kumanga ubale wabwino pakati pa katswiri wa zamaganizo ndi mwanayo n'kofunika kwambiri kuti chithandizocho chipambane.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Chabwino, tsopano ndikukhulupirira kuti mwamvetsetsa bwino zomwe takhala tikulankhula za Occupational Therapy. Ndi ntchito yamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Nazi zinthu zofunika kukumbukira:

• Chithandizo cha Occupational Therapy ndi njira yapadera yothandizira yomwe imathandiza ana (ndi akuluakulu) kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku paokha, kugwiritsa ntchito luso lawo mokwanira, ndikukhala mosangalala komanso paokha.
• Izi zingathandize kukulitsa luso la minofu, luso la minofu, kulinganiza bwino, kugwirizana kwa maso ndi manja, ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, luso lophunzira, machitidwe, luso locheza ndi anthu, komanso luso losewera .
• Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo, kuchedwa kukula, mavuto ophunzirira, matenda monga autism spectrum disorder, matenda okhudza kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi, kapena chilema chilichonse pambuyo pa ngozi, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chingathandize kwambiri.
• Ngati muli ndi kukayikira pang'ono, chinthu chabwino kwambiri choyamba kuchita ndikulankhula ndi dokotala ndikupeza upangiri.Adzakuuzani ngati mwana wanu akufunika izi kapena ayi.
• Izi si zochititsa manyazi kapena kubisa. Chofunika ndi kuthandiza ana athu kukwaniritsa zomwe angathe. Nthawi zina amangofunika thandizo pang'ono.

Kumbukirani, mwana aliyense ndi wosiyana. Mwana aliyense amakula pa liwiro lake. Ndi udindo wathu kuwapatsa chikondi, chisamaliro, komanso, ngati pakufunika, thandizo la akatswiri omwe amafunikira kuti apite ulendowo. Chithandizo cha ntchito chili ngati bwenzi labwino lomwe lingamuthandize paulendowo. Musaope kufufuza!

Chithandizo cha Ntchito , Kukula kwa Ana, Maluso Abwino a Miyendo, Maluso a Tsiku ndi Tsiku, Kukonza Maganizo, Kukonzanso, Autism, Kuchedwa kwa Kukula