Kodi mulinso ndi chotupa patsogolo pa khutu lanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za (Parotid Gland Tumor) iyi!

Kodi munamvapo kanthu kakang'ono ngati chotupa patsogolo pa khutu lanu, pa tsaya lanu? Kapena munamvapo wina akunena zimenezo? Nthawi zina zimakhala zachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono mukaona zinthu ngati izi. Koma si zotupa zonse zomwe ndi zoopsa. Lero tikambirana za chotupa chomwe chingapangidwe patsogolo pa khutu lanu, kutanthauza `(Parotid Gland Tumor)`.

Kodi `(Parotid Gland Tumor)` iyi ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, Parotid Gland Chotupa ndi chotupa chosazolowereka chomwe chimayamba mu parotid gland, yomwe ili patsogolo pa khutu lanu ndi pa tsaya. Parotid gland ndiye wamkulu kwambiri mwa ma gland atatu akuluakulu a malovu mkamwa mwathu. Ili patsogolo pa makutu anu.

Tsopano pakhoza kukhala mitundu iwiri ya mtedza uwu:

1. Zotupa zopanda khansa (zosavulaza): Izi ndi zomwe zimafala kwambiri. Timazitchanso kuti "zotupa zosalakwa." Izi sizifalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi.

2. Ziphuphu zoopsa: Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri. Popeza zimapangidwa ndi maselo a khansa, ngati sizichiritsidwa zimatha kukula ndikufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Chotupa cha khansa chomwe chimapangika mu parotid gland ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa womwe umapezeka m'malovu.

Koma musadandaule, mitundu yonse iwiri ya zotupa ndi yosowa kwambiri. Padziko lonse lapansi, zotupa za m'khutu la khutu zimapezeka mwa munthu m'modzi pa anthu 100,000. Ngakhale kuti palibe deta yeniyeni ya kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amadwala zotupa zopanda khansa, madokotala akuyerekeza kuti chiwerengerochi chikhoza kukhala kuyambira munthu m'modzi mpaka asanu ndi mmodzi pa anthu 100,000 aliwonse.

Ngati tili ndi chotupa chonga ichi, kodi timamva zizindikiro zotani?

Ngati muli ndi chotupa cha parotid gland, chizindikiro chachikulu ndi chotupa kapena kutupa patsogolo pa khutu . Ichi ndi chinthu choyamba chomwe anthu ambiri amazindikira.

Komabe, chotupa cha khansa chimayambitsa ululu kuposa chotupa chosakhala khansa. Kuphatikiza apo, chotupa cha khansa chingakhalenso ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Chotupacho chimawoneka ngati bala kapena chilonda.
• Kumva dzanzi m'dera limenelo.
• Kuvuta kutsegula pakamwa, vuto lomwe limamveka ngati nsagwada yatsekedwa (Trismus).
• Mbali imodzi ya nkhope ikukula kapena kukhala yaying'ono kuposa inzake (kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a nkhope).

Nthawi zambiri, zotupa za m'makutu zimakula pang'onopang'ono kwambiri . Mutha kukhala ndi zotupa izi kwa miyezi, zaka, kapena zaka makumi ambiri popanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Nthawi zambiri, chotupacho chimapezeka mwangozi panthawi yoyezetsa zithunzi, monga CT scan kapena MRI scan, ngati pali vuto lina la thanzi.

N’chifukwa chiyani zotupa zimakhala ngati zimenezi? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Ndipotu, madokotala sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa khansa komanso zotupa zomwe sizili khansa. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe kafukufuku wapeza. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya: Anthu omwe amasuta fodya akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mitundu iyi ya zotupa.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Ngati mudalandirapo chithandizo cha radiation cha khansa ya mutu kapena khosi, akuganiza kuti izi zingakhudzenso izi.

Izi ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zadziwika panopa.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matenda a Parotid Gland Tumor molondola?

Mukapita kwa dokotala yemwe ali ndi chotupa chonga ichi, chinthu choyamba chomwe angachite ndikuwunika mutu ndi khosi lanu mosamala. Adzakufunsani kuti mwakhala ndi chotupacho kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji, ngati chikukulirakulira, komanso ngati chikupweteka. Kenako, angachite mayeso angapo, monga:

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Matenda ena angayambitsenso kutupa kwa gland ya parotid. Chifukwa chake, magazi anu adzawunikidwa kuti awone kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera amagazi (`(Leukocytosis)`). Ngati ndi choncho, mwina chifukwa cha matenda.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Apa ndi pomwe CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) kapena MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan) imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zingathandize kudziwa kukula kwa chotupacho, komwe chili, komanso ngati chakhudza minofu yozungulira.
• Kutulutsa singano yaying'ono (FNA): Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yodziwira ngati chotupa chili ndi khansa kapena ayi. Singano yaying'ono kwambiri imayikidwa mu chotupacho, ndipo chitsanzo chaching'ono cha maselo chimatengedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Izi zingathandizenso kudziwa mtundu wa chotupacho. Pali mitundu yoposa 20 ya zotupa za khansa ndi mitundu pafupifupi 11 ya zotupa zopanda khansa.

Tangoganizirani, monga wofufuza milandu, madokotala amasonkhanitsa chidziwitso kuchokera ku mayesowa ndikupeza matenda enieni.

Zotsatira za mayeso a ``(FNA)`` awa zimatsimikiziranso gawo ndi mulingo wa khansa.

• Gawo: Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa chotupacho, komwe chili, komanso ngati chafalikira ku ma lymph nodes apafupi kapena mbali zakutali za thupi.
• Giredi: Izi zikutanthauza momwe maselo a khansa amaonekera pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Amagawidwa kuyambira a giredi yotsika mpaka apamwamba. Khansa yapamwamba imatha kufalikira mofulumira pang'ono.

Ndi posonkhanitsa zonse izi, dokotala amasankha njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira, komanso mtundu wa matenda omwe mungayembekezere mutalandira chithandizo, chomwe chimatchedwa ``Prognosis''.

Kodi mankhwala a `(Parotid Gland Tumor)` ndi otani?

Chithandizo chachikulu cha zotupa izi ndi opaleshoni yochotsa chotupacho .

Ngati ndi chotupa chosakhala khansa (chosaopsa), chingachiritsidwe kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni.

Ngakhale chotupa chitakhala choipa, chili ndi mwayi waukulu wochira ndi opaleshoni, makamaka ngati chapezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa. Komabe, zotupa za khansa nthawi zina zimatha 'kubwereranso'.

Opaleshoni yofala kwambiri ndi opaleshoni ya parotidectomy . Pa opaleshoni imeneyi, gawo la gland lomwe lili ndi chotupa kapena gland yonse limachotsedwa. Anthu omwe ali ndi zotupa za khansa nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa chithandizo cha radiation pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti khansa isabwererenso.

Ngati ndili ndi chotupa cha parotid gland, ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Izi zimadalira ngati muli ndi chotupa chomwe si khansa kapena chotupa cha khansa.

• Chotupa chosaopsa: Nthawi zambiri chimachira kwathunthu pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Palibe mavuto aakulu omwe amabuka pambuyo pake.
• Ngati ndi chotupa choipa: Ngati chapezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa chisanafalikire, pali mwayi wabwino wochira. Komabe, zotupa za khansa izi nthawi zina zimatha kubwereranso ngakhale patatha zaka zambiri chithandizo chitatha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tikukulimbikitsani kuti mupitirize kupita kukayezetsa kuchipatala.

Ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha khansa ya khutu, dokotala wanu mwina adzakupimitsani nthawi zonse . Izi zingaphatikizepo mayeso ojambulira zithunzi. Mayesowa angafunike kuchitidwa kwa zaka 20 mutalandira chithandizo. Ndandanda ya nthawi ingakhale yonga iyi (ili ndi lingaliro losavuta, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani ndendende):

• Zaka ziwiri zoyambirira: Miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.
• Pakati pa zaka 2-5: Miyezi 6-12 iliyonse.
• Pambuyo pa zaka 5: Kamodzi pachaka.

Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'makutu amapulumuka bwanji?

Iyi ndi nkhani yovuta kumvetsa. "Chiwerengero cha anthu opulumuka" ndi chiwerengero cha odwala omwe ali ndi moyo zaka zisanu kuchokera pamene adapezeka ndi matendawa. Izi zimatha kusiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu ndipo zimatengera zinthu zingapo.

• Mtundu wa chotupa: Pali mitundu yoposa 20 yosiyanasiyana ya chotupa cha khansa. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi zizindikiro zosiyana.
• Gawo la chotupa: Khansa ikakula kwambiri (gawoli likakula kwambiri), mwayi wochira umachepa.
• Kuchuluka kwa khansa: Anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yochepa ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wokhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa omwe ali ndi khansa yapamwamba.

Mwachitsanzo, khansa ya Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) ndiyo khansa yofala kwambiri mu parotid gland. Ngakhale kuti khansa yotsika kwambiri imatha kupulumuka kwa zaka 5 ndi pafupifupi 86%, koma khansa yapamwamba imatha kukhala pafupifupi 22%.

Mukamaganizira za "chiŵerengero cha anthu opulumuka" ichi, kumbukirani zinthu izi:

• Izi ndi zinthu zapakati chabe . Mkhalidwe wanu ukhoza kukhala wabwino kapena woipa.
• Izi ndi ziwerengero zochokera ku zomwe odwala ena adakumana nazo.
• Deta iyi imasinthidwa zaka zisanu zilizonse, kotero kuti mitengo yomwe ilipo pano ingasinthe.

Ngati mukulandira chithandizo cha khansa ya m'khutu, kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za zomwe mungayembekezere. Iye angakupatseni lingaliro labwino la vuto lanu.

Kodi zotupa za parotid gland izi zingapewedwe?

Palibe njira yoletsera kwathunthu kuti zotupazi zisapangike, chifukwa zifukwa zenizeni sizikudziwika. Komabe, tingachepetse chiopsezocho pang'ono popewa zinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zingawopseze, monga kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito fodya .

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji? (Nditalandira chithandizo)

Popeza sera ya m'khutu ya khansa ikhoza kubwereranso, ndikofunikira kudzisamalira bwino mukalandira chithandizo. Nazi zinthu zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni:

• Pitani ku nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala: Kuyezetsa magazi kungathandize kuzindikira khansa isanafalikire.
• Pewani fodya: Akatswiri akuganiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa iyi. Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, funsani dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni kusiya. Pali mapulogalamu omwe angakuthandizeni.
• Ganizirani za kupulumuka khansa: Kudziwa kuti khansa ikhoza kubwerera kungakhale koopsa komanso kochititsa mantha. Mapulogalamu opulumutsa khansa angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi kupsinjika maganizo kumeneku.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha khansa ya m'khutu, mudzayesedwa nthawi zonse "motsatira". Komabe, ngati mukumva chotupa chatsopano patsogolo pa khutu lanu , kapena muwona kusintha kwina kulikonse kwachilendo , pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

Ziphuphu za parotid glands sizimachitika kawirikawiri. Nthawi zambiri, sizimayambitsa khansa (zoipa). Komabe, nthawi zina zimakhala khansa. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi chotupa chomwe chili patsogolo pa khutu. Ngati muwona chotupa kapena kutupa m'derali, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala . Iye adzachita mayeso ofunikira, kupeza vuto, ndikukupatsani chithandizo choyenera kwambiri.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

• Ngati muli ndi chotupa patsogolo pa khutu lanu kapena pa tsaya lanu, chikhoza kukhala chotupa cha Parotid Gland.
• Zotupa zimenezi nthawi zambiri sizikhala ndi khansa (zoipa) , koma zina zimatha kukhala ndi khansa (zoopsa).
• Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga kupweteka, dzanzi, kuvutika kutsegula pakamwa panu, kapena kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a nkhope, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo .
• Kufufuza kwa `FNA` kokha ndiko komwe kungathe kudziwa bwino mtundu wa chotupacho.
• Opaleshoni ndi chithandizo cha radiation zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a khansa.
• Kutsatira nthawi zonse ndikofunikira , chifukwa zotupa za khansa zimatha kubwereranso.
• Kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo.

Kumbukirani, ngati muwona chotupa kapena kusintha kwachilendo m'thupi lanu, ndi bwino kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo, m'malo mochita mantha. Mwanjira imeneyi, ngati pali vuto, likhoza kuzindikirika ndikuchiritsidwa msanga.

Chotupa cha parotid gland, khansa ya parotid gland, zotupa za malovu, zotupa za m'makutu, kutupa kwa nkhope, zizindikiro za khansa, chithandizo cha khansa