Kodi munayamba mwaonapo kuti anthu ena ali ndi bowo pakati pa chifuwa chawo? Mwina inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi izi. Zingakhale zosasangalatsa komanso zochititsa manyazi kwambiri mukamavala T-sheti, makamaka mukapita ku dziwe losambira. Komanso, kodi mumamva ngati mukuvutika kupuma komanso kutopa msanga mukamathamanga ndikusewera? Mu zamankhwala, timatcha vutoli Pectus Excavatum . Chifukwa chake lero tikambirana zonsezi, mwachidule, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Mwachidule, kodi Pectus Excavatum ndi chiyani?
Ndi zophweka kwambiri. Fupa lathyathyathya pakati pa chifuwa chathu limatchedwa sternum. Ndi fupa lolimba pakati pa chifuwa lomwe mungamve mukalikhudza. Pa vuto lotchedwa Pectus Excavatum , fupa la pachifuwa ili silimatuluka kunja, koma m'malo mwake limakula modabwitsa m'chifuwa. Limamira m'chifuwa ngati funnel. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu ena amalitcha "funnel chest."
Pamene sternum yalowa mkati, nthiti zinayi kapena zisanu zomwe zili mkati mwake zimakokedwa mkati mbali zonse ziwiri. Izi zimachepetsa malo mkati mwa chifuwa. Izi zitha kuchepetsa malo omwe mtima ndi mapapo athu ali nawo kuti azigwira ntchito momasuka.
Uwu ndi vuto lobadwa nalo . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, munthu amabadwa ndi vutoli. Komabe, silimaonekera pobadwa. Nthawi zambiri, kutsekeka kwa chifuwa kumeneku kumaonekera kwambiri mwana akakula pang'ono, makamaka pafupifupi zaka 12-14, pamene thupi likukula mofulumira.
Ponena za kuchuluka kwa matendawa, amakhudza mwana mmodzi mpaka asanu ndi atatu mwa ana 1,000 aliwonse. Amakhudzanso anyamata kuposa atsikana.
Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za Pectus Excavatum zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. Choyamba ndi kusasangalala kwakuthupi, ndipo china ndi momwe munthu amakhudzidwira ndi maganizo. Zonsezi zimatha kukhudza kwambiri moyo wa munthu.
| Mtundu wa khalidwe | Kufotokozera ndi zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro zakuthupi |
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| Zizindikiro zamaganizo |
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Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, ngati mukumva choncho, musabise chilichonse. Si vuto lanu. Pali mankhwala othandiza pa izi.
Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Chifukwa chake ndi chiyani?
Choyambitsa chenicheni cha Pectus Excavatum mwa anthu ambiri sichinapezekebe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zitha kungochitika popanda chifukwa.
Komabe, nthawi zina izi zagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda ena, makamaka matenda omwe amakhudza minofu yolumikizirana ya thupi. Mwachitsanzo:
- Matenda a Marfan
- Matenda a Ehlers-Danlos
Izi ndi matenda a majini. Choncho ngati muli ndi matenda amtunduwu, muli pachiwopsezo chotenga Pectus Excavatum.
Kodi izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimachokera ku mibadwomibadwo?
Ofufuza sanapezebe jini yeniyeni yomwe imayambitsa Pectus Excavatum. Komabe, akukayikira kuti ikhoza kukhala jini. Pakati pa 40% ndi 53% ya anthu omwe ali ndi Pectus Excavatum ali ndi wachibale (monga bambo kapena mchimwene) yemwe ali ndi vutoli. Chifukwa chake ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali nalo, muli ndi mwayi waukulu woti mutenge nalo.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?
Kawirikawiri sizimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira. Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, amatha kuzizindikira pongofufuza thupi mosavuta . Dokotalayo adzatha kuona dimple iyi akamafufuza chifuwa chanu.
Komabe, kuti adziwe bwino momwe vutoli lakhudzira mtima ndi mapapo anu, dokotala adzakulangizani kuti muyesedwenso kangapo.
Kodi mayeso amenewo ndi ati?
- Kujambula pachifuwa kwa CT scan (Computed Tomography) kapena MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kujambula kumeneku kumatha kujambula zithunzi za mkati mwa chifuwa m'njira zitatu. Izi zimatha kuyeza molondola kuchuluka kwa sternum komwe kwalowa komanso kuchuluka kwa mtima ndi mapapo zomwe zapanikizika.
- Kuyesa masewera olimbitsa thupi a mtima ndi mapapo: Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukuthamanga pa treadmill kuti muwone momwe mtima ndi mapapo anu amagwirira ntchito ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Electrocardiogram (EKG): Iyi imayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima kuti ione ngati pali zolakwika zilizonse pa kugunda kwa mtima.
- Echocardiogram: Iyi ndi njira yojambulira mtima. Imathandiza kuona momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito komanso momwe ma valves alili (monga mitral valve prolapse).
- Mayeso a Ntchito ya M'mapapo (PFTs): Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mapapu anu angatenge ndi kutulutsa, zomwe zimapatsa lingaliro la momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito.
Pambuyo pochita mayeso onsewa, dokotala adzasankha ngati mukufunika opaleshoni kapena ayi.
Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani? Kodi ndi osachiritsika?
Ndizotheka ndithu! Pali njira zothandiza kwambiri zochizira izi. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Opaleshoni imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsa sternum yozungulira pamalo ake oyenera, kutanthauza kuti, kunja.
Ndi maopaleshoni onsewa:
- Zimachepetsa kupsinjika kwa mtima ndi mapapo anu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azigwira ntchito bwino.
- Zimabwezeretsa mawonekedwe a chifuwa chanu.
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zakuthupi (kuvutika kupuma, kupweteka pachifuwa), kapena ngati mukuvutika maganizo kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe anu, opaleshoni ingakhale yankho labwino kwambiri.
Zaka zabwino kwambiri zochitira opaleshoniyi zimaonedwa kuti ndi zapakati pa zaka 10 ndi 14. Izi zili choncho chifukwa pa msinkhu umenewo, mafupa ndi minyewa ya pachifuwa zimakhala zosinthasintha. Chifukwa chake, opaleshoniyi ndi yosavuta kuchita ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zopambana kwambiri.
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe njira ziwirizi zochitira opaleshoni zili.
| Njira yopangira opaleshoni | Momwe mungachitire |
|---|---|
| Njira ya Nuss (Opaleshoni yocheperako) | Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi masiku ano. Palibe kudula kwakukulu komwe kumachitika.
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| Njira ya Ravitch (Opaleshoni yotseguka) | Iyi ndi opaleshoni yachikhalidwe yotseguka.
|
Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani ndikusankha opaleshoni yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.
Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa opaleshoni? Kodi ululu ndi woopsa?
Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amachiopa. Koma nkhani yabwino kwambiri ndi yakuti chifukwa cha njira zamakono zochepetsera ululu, ululu wotsatira opaleshoni ndi wochepa kwambiri ndipo nthawi yochira ndi yochepa kwambiri.
Njira imodzi yopambana kwambiri yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pano ndi cryoablation .
Mwachidule, izi zimaphatikizapo kuziziritsa kwakanthawi mitsempha yomwe imanyamula ululu pachifuwa (pakati pa nthiti) musanachite opaleshoni. Zili ngati kuphwanya mkamwa musanachotse dzino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simudzamva ululu wambiri kwa masiku angapo mutachita opaleshoni.
Chifukwa cha njira iyi:
- Simudzafunika kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku 5-7 monga momwe munkachitira kale. Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kupita kunyumba tsiku lotsatira opaleshoni.
- Simudzafunika kudalira mankhwala amphamvu ochepetsa ululu (opioids) pa ululu monga momwe munkachitira kale.
- Kale, mwana wa msinkhu wopita kusukulu ankayenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni imeneyi nthawi ya tchuthi cha sukulu chifukwa zimatenga pafupifupi mwezi umodzi kuti achire. Koma tsopano akhoza kubwerera kusukulu pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu.
Choncho, palibe chifukwa choopera opaleshoni.
Mafunso ena omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri
Ngati sindichitidwa opaleshoni, kodi vutoli lidzaipiraipira ndikakula?
Kulimba kwa chifuwa sikumakula kwambiri tikamakalamba. Komabe, pamene ntchito ya thupi lathu ikuchepa tikamakalamba, tingayambe kumva zizindikiro zambiri (kupuma movutikira, kutopa) chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa mtima ndi mapapo athu.
Kodi moyo wanga udzafupikitsidwa ngati sindichitidwa opaleshoni? Kodi padzakhala kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mtima ndi mapapo anga?
Ayi. Palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti Pectus Excavatum imafupikitsa nthawi ya moyo wa munthu kapena imayambitsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mtima kapena mapapo pakapita nthawi. Komabe, ngati sichichiritsidwa, zizindikirozo zimatha kukhala zovuta kwambiri kukhala nazo.
Kodi palibe njira yopewera izi?
Popeza chifukwa chenicheni cha izi sichikudziwika, palibe njira yoletsera izi kuti zisachitike.
Kodi ndingabwerere liti ku zochita zanga zachizolowezi pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Mudzafunika kupuma kwakanthawi mutachita opaleshoni. Ululu ukachepa, mutha kuyamba kuyenda ndi kuthamanga pang'ono. Komabe, dokotala wanu adzasankha nthawi yomwe mungayambirenso kunyamula zolemera ndikuchita masewera. Nthawi zambiri, mwana wa msinkhu wopita kusukulu amatha kubwerera kusukulu pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti musadandaule ndi mawonekedwe a thupi lanu. Ngati wina akukuuzani kuti ndi vuto la kukongola chabe, musavomereze. Kusasangalala kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizo komwe mukumva ndi kwenikweni. Choncho lankhulani ndi dokotala momasuka za izi ndipo pezani thandizo lomwe mukufuna.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Pectus Excavatum ndi matenda omwe fupa lapakati la pachifuwa (sternum) limalowa mkati. Uwu ndi matenda obadwa nawo.
- Izi zingayambitse zizindikiro zakuthupi monga kupuma movutikira ndi kutopa, komanso manyazi ndi kupsinjika maganizo komwe kumakhudzana ndi mawonekedwe.
- Dokotala akhoza kupeza izi pongofufuza mosavuta. Vutoli lingatsimikizidwenso ndi mayeso monga CT kapena MRI scan.
- Vutoli lingathe kukonzedwa bwino kwambiri ndi opaleshoni (Nuss kapena Ravitch procedure).
- Chifukwa cha njira zamakono zochepetsera ululu (monga Cryoablation), opaleshoni tsopano siipweteka kwambiri ndipo nthawi yochira ndi yochepa kwambiri.
- Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi vutoli, musachite mantha kapena kuchita manyazi. Pitani kwa dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito kuti akupatseni upangiri.
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