Kodi pali wina m'banja mwanu, mwina agogo okalamba, agogo aamuna, kapena munthu wina amene akudwala matenda, amene anavutika kumeza chakudya ndi chakumwa, ndipo dokotala anati, "Muyenera kuyika chubu chodyetsera"? Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha mukamva zimenezo. Mukamva mawu ngati "chubu cha PEG," mwina mumadabwa kuti izi zikugwira ntchito yanji. Musadandaule. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za chubu cha PEG, amene akuchifuna, ndi momwe njirayi imagwirira ntchito.
Mwachidule, kodi chubu cha PEG ichi n'chiyani?
Chubu cha PEG ndi chubu chapadera chomwe chimayikidwa kudzera mu kabowo kakang'ono pakhungu kuti chipereke chakudya m'mimba mwachindunji kwa munthu amene akuvutika kudya ndi pakamwa. Ngakhale dzinalo lingamveke lovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tilifotokoze mwachidule.
- Percutaneous: Izi zikutanthauza "kudzera pakhungu."
- Endoscopic: Izi zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito chubu chosinthasintha (endoscope) chokhala ndi kamera yolumikizidwa.
- Gastrostomy: Izi zikutanthauza kupanga kampata kakang'ono (`stomy`) m'mimba (`Gastro`).
Choncho mawu atatuwa akaphatikizidwa, tanthauzo losavuta ndi lakuti "kupanga mpata m'mimba kudzera pakhungu, pogwiritsa ntchito kamera, ndikuyika chubu." Anthu ena amatchanso chubu ichi kuti G-chubu. Mu zamankhwala, njira yoperekera zakudya zamadzimadzi mwanjira imeneyi imatchedwa `(Enteral Nutrition)`.
Ndani akufunikira chubu cha PEG?
Chifukwa chachikulu ndi vuto la kumeza . Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi "dysphagia". Ngakhale kumeza chakudya ndi chinthu chachibadwa kwa ife, ndi njira yovuta yomwe imakhudza ubongo, mitsempha, ndi minofu yambiri. Nthawi iliyonse njirayi ikasokonezedwa, pangakhale kufunikira kwa chubu chodyetsera. Tangoganizirani, ngati simungathe kumeza bwino, chakudya ndi chakumwa zimatha kulowa m'mapapo. Izi zingayambitse chibayo chachikulu (`Aspiration Pneumonia`).
Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti tiwone zifukwa zazikulu zoyikira chubu cha PEG.
| Matenda | Nchifukwa chiyani chubu cha PEG chikufunika? |
|---|---|
| Stroke | Sitiroko ingawononge mbali za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira kumeza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu yomwe imafunika kumeza isagwire ntchito bwino. |
| Khansa ya Mutu ndi Khosi | Kumeza kungakhale kovuta chifukwa cha khansa yokha. Kapena, pambuyo pa chithandizo monga radiation, pakhosi pakhoza kuwonongeka ndipo ululu ungapangitse kuti kumeza chakudya kukhale kovuta. |
| Kuvulala kwa Ubongo | Ubongo ukawonongeka ndi chinthu monga ngozi ya galimoto, ntchito zambiri za thupi, kuphatikizapo kumeza, zimatha kusokonekera. |
| Kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya chifukwa cha matenda aakulu | Mu matenda oopsa monga khansa, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya ndi kufooka kwa thupi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kuyamwa zakudya zofunika kudzera mkamwa. |
| Zochitika zina | Odwala ena (monga Cystic Fibrosis) sayamwa bwino zakudya. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso omwe ali pa dialysis, komanso odwala omwe ali pachifuwa, amafunikiranso njira iyi kuti apulumutse miyoyo yawo. |
Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani musanachite opaleshoniyi?
Iyi si opaleshoni yaikulu, koma njira yaying'ono. Koma musanachite zimenezo, muyenera kukambirana momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za thanzi la wodwala wanu.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwatchula matenda aliwonse omwe alipo, monga matenda a mtima ndi matenda a shuga.
- Mankhwala: Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (monga `Warfarin`, `Aspirin`, `Clopidogrel`) kapena mankhwala ochepetsa ululu omwe ali mgulu la ``NSAIDs``` (monga `Ibuprofen`), muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu. Adzakupemphani kuti musiye kumwa mankhwalawa masiku angapo opaleshoni isanachitike. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mankhwalawa amawonjezera chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi.
- Matenda a ziwengo: Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la ziwengo ndi mankhwala aliwonse, chonde tchulani.
Musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola pafupifupi 8 musanachite opaleshoni. Ndikofunikanso kukonza galimoto yobwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani makamaka ngati chubu cha PEG chayikidwa?
Njira imeneyi imatenga pafupifupi mphindi 20-30. Pamafunika kuchitapo kanthu kuti wodwalayo akhale womasuka panthawiyi.
1. Mankhwala oletsa ululu:Choyamba, wodwalayo amagonekedwa tulo tochepa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu m'mitsempha. Chifukwa chake, palibe ululu kapena kusasangalala. Mankhwala opha tizilombo amaperekedwanso panthawiyi kuti apewe matenda.
2. Mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo: Jakisoni kakang'ono (mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo) kamaperekedwa kuti kachite dzanzi pamalo ozungulira khungu la mimba pomwe chubucho chidzalowetsedwe.
3. Kuyika endoscope: Dokotala tsopano adzayika chubu chaching'ono (endoscope) chokhala ndi kamera yolumikizidwa kudzera pakamwa ndi m'mimba. Izi zimathandiza kuti mkati mwa m'mimba muwoneke bwino.
4. Kuduladula ndi kuyika chubu: Kuwala kochokera ku endoscope kumawonekera kudzera pakhungu la m'mimba. Poyang'ana kuwalako, dokotalayo amapanga kudula kakang'ono pakhungu, pafupifupi sentimita imodzi pamalo omwewo. Kenako, kudzera mu kudulako, chubu cha PEG chimayikidwa m'mimba ndikuchiteteza.
Izi zingamveke zoopsa pang'ono, koma kumbukirani kuti wodwalayo sadzamva chilichonse. Ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yofala kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, mutha kupita kunyumba madzulo omwewo kapena m'mawa wotsatira.
Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mutachita opaleshoni?
Ndi zachilendo kumva ululu mukatha opaleshoni. Mutha kumva ululu kapena kukhuta m'mimba mwanu komwe mudadulidwa. Ululuwu udzachepa mkati mwa maola 24-48.
- Chilonda: Bandeji yaying'ono idzaikidwa pamwamba pa chovulalacho. Ndizachilendo kuti madzi pang'ono atuluke kwa masiku awiri oyamba. Dokotala adzakulangizani kuti muchotse bandejiyo patatha masiku awiri.
- Zakudya: Kudyetsa mwana madzi kudzayamba nthawi yomweyo atangoikidwa pa chubu. Katswiri wa zakudya adzakuphunzitsani momwe mungachitire izi, mtundu wa madzi opatsa thanzi omwe muyenera kupereka, komanso kangati patsiku.
- Mawonekedwe a chubu: Inde, gawo la chubu lili kunja kwa thupi. Nthawi zambiri limakhala chubu chofanana ndi pensulo ndipo ndi mainchesi 6-12 kutalika. Pakhungu pali gawo laling'ono longa disc (`external bumper`) kuti chubucho chisabwererenso mkati. Mapeto a chubucho amaphimbidwa ndi kapu kakang'ono. Izi zimaletsa asidi m'mimba kutuluka. Kapu iyi imatha kutsegulidwa pamene chakudya, madzi, kapena mankhwala akufunika kuperekedwa.
Kodi pali zoopsa ndi zovuta?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi njira iliyonse yachipatala, pali zoopsa zazing'ono. Komabe, izi sizichitika kawirikawiri. Kuyeretsa bwino ndi kusamalira chubu kungachepetse kwambiri zoopsazi.
| Chiwopsezo/Kuvuta | Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira |
|---|---|
| Matenda | Kufiira, kutupa, kutentha, mafinya, kapena malungo ozungulira chubu. |
| Kutuluka magazi | Kutuluka magazi mozungulira chubu kapena m'mimba. |
| Kutayikira kozungulira chitoliro | M'mimba mukutuluka kudzera mu chubu ndi pakhungu. |
| Kusamuka | Chubucho chimatuluka mwadzidzidzi. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi! |
| Kukhumba | M'mimba mukamalowa m'mapapo. Pofuna kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kuti mutu wa wodwalayo ukhale wokwezeka akamadyetsa. |
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji chubu cha PEG?
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusunga khungu lozungulira chubucho kukhala loyera tsiku lililonse.
- Choyamba, sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo.
- Kenako, nyowetsani nsalu yoyera kapena chidutswa cha gauze m'madzi a sopo ndikutsuka pang'onopang'ono khungu lozungulira chubucho.
- Tsukaninso ndi madzi oyera kuti muchotse sopo.
- Pomaliza, musiye kuti ziume bwino. Musapake mafuta kapena ufa uliwonse popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
Mafunso ena omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri
Kodi munthu amene ali ndi chubu cha PEG angadye ndi kumwa pakamwa?
Izi zimadalira matenda omwe adayambitsa kuti chubu chilowetsedwe. Ngati chubucho chidalowetsedwa chifukwa chovuta kumeza, kudya chakudya ndi zakumwa pakamwa kudzakhala kochepa, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kuti chakudyacho chilowenso m'mapapo. Komabe, anthu ena angaloledwe kudya pang'ono pakamwa ndi dokotala wawo. Funsani dokotala wanu za izi kuti mutsimikizire.
Kodi ndiyenera kusunga chubu ichi kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Chubu cha PEG chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa miyezi kapena zaka. Pakapita nthawi, chubucho chimatha kusintha mtundu kapena kutsekeka. Ngati chubucho chisintha mtundu, kutulutsa madzi, kapena kuoneka ngati chotupa, ndi nthawi yoti chilowe m'malo mwake. Kuyika chubu chatsopano n'kosavuta kwambiri, ndipo sikufuna mankhwala oletsa ululu kapena opaleshoni. Ngati wodwalayo ali bwino ndipo akhoza kumezanso, chubucho chikhoza kuchotsedwa kwathunthu. Dzenje m'mimba lidzatseka lokha mkati mwa masiku ochepa.
Kodi mumatani ngati chubucho chatuluka mwadzidzidzi?
Izi ndi zadzidzidzi. Muyenera kupita kuchipatala, ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa dzenje m'mimba ndi pakhungu lidzayamba kutseka pasanathe maola angapo. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, zidzakhala zovuta kubwezeretsanso chubu chatsopano. Chifukwa chake, ngati chubucho chatuluka, ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala pasanathe maola 24 .
Chubu cha PEG ndi chipangizo chofunikira kwambiri chachipatala chomwe chingapulumutse moyo wa munthu, kupewa kusowa zakudya m'thupi, komanso kukonza moyo wake. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti musachiope, kuchimvetsa bwino, ndikuchisamalira bwino.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Chubu cha PEG ndi njira yotetezeka yoperekera zakudya m'mimba mwachindunji kwa iwo omwe sangathe kudya ndi pakamwa.
- Njirayi ingathe kuchitika pasanathe mphindi 30 ndipo siipweteka.
- Kusunga chubu ndi khungu lozungulira chidebecho kukhala zoyera tsiku lililonse kungathandize kupewa matenda.
- Ngati muwona zizindikiro zilizonse monga kufiira, kutupa, mafinya, kapena malungo ozungulira chubu, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngati chubucho chatuluka mwadzidzidzi, ndi chadzidzidzi. Pitani kuchipatala mwachangu, mkati mwa maola 24.
- Lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe muli nazo pankhaniyi.
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