Tiyeni tiphunzire mwachidule za chithandizo cha madzi ozungulira mtima (Pericardiocentesis)

Kodi munamvapo munthu akunena kuti, "Pali madzi ozungulira mtima"? Mwina inuyo kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa adakumanapo ndi vutoli, ndipo dokotala walankhulapo za chithandizo chake. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha mukamva izi. Koma musadandaule. Lero tikambirana za chithandizo chapadera cha vutoli, chomwe nthawi zina chingapulumutse miyoyo. Chimatchedwa `Pericardiocentesis`. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe aliyense angamvetse.

Mwachidule, kodi Pericardiocentesis ndi chiyani?

Tangoganizani kuti mtima wathu uli mkati mwa thumba laling'ono. Chikwama ichi chimatchedwa pericardium. Ntchito yake ndikuteteza mtima ndikuusunga pamalo ake oyenera mkati mwa thupi. Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala madzi ochepa pakati pa thumba ili ndi mtima, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwa mtima pamene ukugunda.

Komabe, chifukwa cha matenda ena, madzi amayamba kusonkhana mkati mwa pericardium mosafunikira . Timatcha vutoli kuti `Pericardial effusion`. Madzi awa akamasonkhana, madziwo amaika mphamvu zambiri pamtima. Chifukwa cha kupanikizika kumeneku, mtima sungagunde, kufinya, kapena kufutukuka bwino. Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri komanso zoopsa pamoyo. Izi zimatchedwa `Cardiac tamponade`.

Kotero, pericardiocentesis, mwachidule, ndi njira yomwe madzi osafunikira awa omwe asonkhana mozungulira mtima amachotsedwa m'thupi pogwiritsa ntchito singano. Izi zimachepetsa nthawi yomweyo kupanikizika pamtima ndikulola mtima kugwiranso ntchito momasuka.

Ndani akufunikira chithandizo ichi?

Chithandizochi chimafunika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi madzi ozungulira mtima, otchedwa pericardial effusion. Nthawi zina chimachitika ngati chithandizo chadzidzidzi, makamaka pazochitika zomwe zingawononge moyo monga cardiac tamponade. Nthawi zina, ngakhale si chadzidzidzi, chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupeza chifukwa chake madzi awa akusonkhana. Madzi omwe achotsedwa amatha kutumizidwa kukayezetsa kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa.

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zomwe madzi amasonkhana mozungulira mtima. Tiyeni tiwone zazikulu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani chithandizo chisanachitike?

Dokotala wanu akadzakupezani ndi Pericardial effusion kapena Cardiac tamponade, adzasankha ngati achite chithandizochi kapena ayi kutengera kuopsa kwake.

Pokhapokha ngati pachitika ngozi, dokotala wanu amakukonzerani nthawi yokumana. Nthawi zambiri, mudzapemphedwa kusala kudya kwa maola pafupifupi 8 musanayambe ulendo wanu. Komabe, mudzaloledwa kumwa zakumwa, monga madzi, mpaka maola awiri musanayambe ulendo wanu.

Gulu lachipatala lisanayambe kulandira chithandizo, lidzachita izi:

• Kulowetsedwa kwa mchere: Kachubu kakang'ono (komwe kamalowetsedwa m'mitsempha - mtsempha wa m'mitsempha) kamalowetsedwa mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu. Izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupereka mankhwala kapena madzi mwachindunji m'thupi lanu, ngati pakufunika.
• Kukonzekera khungu:Malo omwe singano idzalowedwere amametedwa ndikutsukidwa bwino ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Izi zingathandize kupewa matenda.
• Kuyang'anira zizindikiro zofunika: Masensa amamangiriridwa ku thupi lanu kuti ayesere kuthamanga kwa magazi anu, kupuma kwanu, kugunda kwa mtima wanu, ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi . Mudzalumikizidwanso ndi makina a ``ECG (Electrocardiogram)'' kuti muwone momwe magetsi a mtima wanu akuyendera.
• Kupereka mpweya wowonjezera: Ngati pakufunika, mpweya ungaperekedwe kudzera mu chubu chaching'ono chomwe chimayikidwa m'mphuno kapena kudzera mu chophimba pakamwa.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo?

Izi zimachitika ndi gulu la madokotala, anamwino, ndi akatswiri ena aukadaulo.

Malangizo ojambula zithunzi

Dokotala asanaike singano, amagwiritsa ntchito scan, monga ultrasound (echocardiogram), kuti apeze malo otetezeka komanso osavuta oti apeze madzi ozungulira mtima. Scan iyi imalola singano kuyikiridwa motsogozedwa ndi dokotala, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo chowononga mtima kapena ziwalo zina. Nthawi zina mtundu wa X-ray wotchedwa fluoroscopy umagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Kuyika singano

Simudzagonedwa. M'malo mwake, mankhwala oletsa ululu adzaperekedwa m'dera lomwe singano yalowetsedwa, zomwe zidzapangitsa kuti malowo asamveke bwino. Choncho simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse, koma mungamve kumva kunjenjemera pang'ono.

Pali malo angapo komwe singano ingalowetsedwe.

• Kawirikawiri: Pansi pa fupa lalikulu pakati pa chifuwa (sternum).
• Njira zina: Kutsogolo kapena mopingasa, pakati pa nthiti za pachifuwa.

Dokotala, akamayang'ana chithunzicho, amaika singano mosamala kwambiri pamalo odzaza madzi ozungulira mtima, kupewa mtima. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito sirinji, madziwo amachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono.

Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi, njirayi ingatenge mphindi 10 mpaka 20. Ngati pali madzi ambiri, chubu chaching'ono (catheter) chingaikidwe m'malo mwa singano ndikusiyidwa pamalo pake kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri kuti madzi onse atuluke pang'onopang'ono.

Ntchito ikatha, singano kapena chubucho chimachotsedwa ndipo pulasitala kapena bandeji yaying'ono imayikidwa pamalopo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukalandira chithandizo?

Pambuyo pa chithandizo, dokotala akhoza kuchita izi:

• Chitsanzo cha madzi ochotsedwa chimatumizidwa ku labotale kuti adziwe chifukwa chake madziwo asonkhana.
• Kujambula kwina kwa ultrasound (echocardiogram) kumachitika kuti awone ngati madzi onse achotsedwa.
• Muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Panthawiyi, ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzayang'anira thanzi lanu nthawi zonse.

Anthu ambiri amayamba kumva mpumulo waukulu akangochotsa madzi. Zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira komanso kupweteka pachifuwa zimatha msanga.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizochi ndi ziti?

Monga chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, ichi chili ndi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake.

Ubwino waukulu

• Kupulumutsa moyo: Pakagwa mwadzidzidzi monga cardiac tamponade, izi zitha kupulumutsa miyoyo mwa kuchepetsa nthawi yomweyo kuthamanga kwa mtima.
• Kuthandiza pozindikira matenda: Kufufuza madzimadzi, kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, ndikupereka malangizo a chithandizo choyenera.
• Osavuta kuposa opaleshoni: Iyi ndi njira yachangu komanso yosavuta kuposa opaleshoni yayikulu.

Zoopsa zomwe zingachitike (Zovuta)

Popeza zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito scan, chiopsezo chake chimakhala chochepa kwambiri. Komabe, chifukwa singano imadutsa pafupi kwambiri ndi ziwalo zofunika monga mtima ndi mapapo, mavuto amatha kuchitika pang'ono.

• Kuwonongeka kwa mtima: Ngati singano yagunda mtima, ingayambitse kutuluka magazi, kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (arrhythmia), kapena matenda a mtima. Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri ndipo zingafunike opaleshoni yadzidzidzi.
• Kuwonongeka kwa mapapo: Ngati mapapo abowoka, amatha kugwa.
• Kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zina: Chiwalo cha m'mimba, chiwindi, m'mimba, kapena mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi ikhoza kuwonongeka.
• Matenda: Majeremusi amatha kulowa m'dera lomwe singano inalowetsedwa. Ngati matendawa afalikira m'thupi lonse, angayambitse matenda oopsa otchedwa `sepsis`.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire ndipo ndiyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala liti?

Nthawi zambiri mudzatha kupita kunyumba pasanathe tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti munthu achire mokwanira imadalira kuopsa kwa vuto lanu, chomwe chachititsa kuti madzi azisonkhana, ndi chithandizo china chilichonse chomwe mukulandira. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani nthawi yomwe mungayambirenso ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zilizonse mutabwerera kunyumba, muyenera kupita kuchipatala kapena kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.

Kwa anthu ena, mtundu uwu wa madzimadzi amatha kubwereranso. Ngati izi zitachitika, dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni kuti akakupatseni chithandizo chokhazikika, monga kutsegula zenera la pericardial.