Kodi mitsempha yanu ya mtima yatsekedwa? Tiyeni tikambirane za Coronary Revascularization!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kupweteka pang'ono pachifuwa panu? Kapena mumavutika kupuma mukatopa pang'ono? Zinthu izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za mitsempha yamagazi mumtima mwathu (mitsempha ya coronary) yomwe ikutsekeka pang'onopang'ono. Zili ngati dothi lomwe limasonkhana mkati mwa chitoliro chamadzi m'nyumba mwathu ndikutsekeka pang'onopang'ono. Ngati izi sizikuchiritsidwa, zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a mtima. Koma musadandaule, mankhwala amakono ali ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pa izi. Lero tikambirana za njira yothandizira yomwe ingatsitsimutse mtima wotere.

Kodi kubwezeretsedwa kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya mtima n'chiyani?

Izi zingamveke ngati mawu aatali komanso achilendo, koma tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta. "Coronary" amatanthauza mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imalumikizana ndi mtima. "Revascularization" amatanthauza "kubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi." Chifukwa chake, mwachidule, Coronary Revascularization ndi chithandizo chomwe chimabwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita kumtima pamene minofu yamtima sikupeza magazi omwe imafuna (vuto lomwe timatcha ischemia mu mankhwala) . Kaya mwa kutsegulanso mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa kapena kupanga njira yatsopano yozungulira kutsekeka.

Mankhwalawa angathandize kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mtima wanu mutadwala matenda a mtima, komanso angakutetezeni ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima.

Tikukamba makamaka za njira ziwiri zochiritsira pansi pa izi:

1. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI): Ichi ndi chomwe anthu ambiri amachitcha "kuika stent." Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowa m'mitsempha yamagazi, kuchotsa kutsekeka, ndikupanga njira yoti magazi aziyenda, popanda opaleshoni.

2. Kulumikiza Mitsempha ya Mtima (CABG): Izi zimadziwikanso kuti "Opaleshoni ya Bypass." Izi zimaphatikizapo kupanga njira yatsopano (bypass) kuzungulira mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chidutswa cha mtsempha wamagazi chotengedwa kuchokera ku gawo lina la thupi.

Ndani akufunikira chithandizo ichi?

Aliyense amene magazi ake amayenda pang'onopang'ono kupita kumtima angapindule ndi mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima . Chiwopsezo cha matendawa chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba. Chifukwa chake, anthu opitirira zaka 65 nthawi zambiri ndi omwe amafunikira kwambiri mankhwalawa.

Tangoganizirani, chinthu chokhuthala chopangidwa ndi mafuta ndi cholesterol (timachitcha kuti plaque) chimamangirira pang'onopang'ono mkati mwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa atherosclerosis . Zili ngati mafuta omwe amamatira mu sinki ya kukhitchini ndikutsekeka. Pakapita nthawi, kuchuluka kumeneku kumachepetsera mtsempha wamagazi. Ngati tsiku lina kuchuluka kumeneku kuphulika, magazi amaundana pamalopo ndikutseka mtsempha wamagazi kwathunthu. Pamenepo ndi pomwe gawo la mtima limasiya kulandira magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima.

Choncho, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtundu uwu wa kutsekeka, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsa magazi mwachangu maselo a mtima asanafe.

Ndi matenda ati omwe amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwalawa?

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa matenda omwe ali m'gulu la matenda a mtima oopsa.

• Matenda a mtima: Kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya mtima chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi mwadzidzidzi.
• Angina Yokhazikika: Matenda omwe ululu wa pachifuwa umachitika mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, monga kukwera masitepe, ndi kutsika mukapuma.
• Angina Yosakhazikika: Matenda oopsa omwe amadziwika ndi kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumakulirakulira ngakhale munthu atapuma.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani musanalandire chithandizo?

Mukasankha kuchita chimodzi mwa mankhwalawa, madokotala adzayesa mayeso angapo kuti aone bwino momwe mulili komanso kukonzekera njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira.

Pokhapokha ngati pakufunika thandizo ladzidzidzi, muyenera kusala kudya kwa maola pafupifupi 8 musanachite opaleshoniyi. Musanayambe opaleshoniyi, mudzaikidwa mzere wa IV (cannula yomwe imakupatsirani saline) mumtsempha womwe uli m'manja mwanu. Apa ndi pomwe mankhwala ndi madzi ofunikira adzaperekedwa m'thupi lanu. Pa opaleshoni ya PCI, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Pa opaleshoni ya CABG bypass, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo?

Ngakhale cholinga cha njira zonse ziwiri za PCI ndi CABG ndi chimodzimodzi, momwe zimachitikira ndi zosiyana kwambiri.

Njira yopangira PCI (kuyika stent)

Apa, dokotala amaika chubu chopyapyala kwambiri komanso chosinthasintha (catheter) mu mtsempha waukulu wamagazi, kaya kudzera m'dzanja lanu kapena m'mimba mwanu. Kenako chubucho chimatsogozedwa ku mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa mumtima mwanu motsogozedwa ndi X-ray.

Kenako, baluni yaying'ono kumapeto kwa chubu imafufuma pamalo pomwe patsekeka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mtsempha wamagazi wopapatiza ukule kuchokera mkati. Izi zimatchedwa baluni angioplasty .

Kenako, kuti mtsempha wamagazi wokulirapo usapapatizenso, chimango chaching'ono chachitsulo chopangidwa ngati ukonde chimayikidwa pamalo pake. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti stent . Ma stents ena ali ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa mtsempha wamagazi kuti usapapatizenso. Izi zimatchedwa ma stents oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala . Ntchito ikatha, chubucho chimachotsedwa, kusoka pang'ono kumayikidwa pomwe adayikidwa, ndipo chithandizo chimamalizidwa.

Njira ya CABG (Opaleshoni Yodutsa)

Iyi ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni. Choyamba dokotalayo amatenga chidutswa cha mtsempha wamagazi wathanzi kuchokera kwina m'thupi lanu (nthawi zambiri kuchokera kumwendo wanu, mkono, kapena mkati mwa chifuwa chanu).

Pambuyo pake, mtima umafikiridwa m'njira ziwiri:

• Opaleshoni yotseguka: Kucheka kumapangidwa mainchesi angapo pakati pa chifuwa, kutsegula fupa la pachifuwa (sternum) kuti lifike pamtima.
• Opaleshoni yocheperako: Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula pang'ono pachifuwa kamodzi kapena zingapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito kamera ndi zida zapadera kuti mufikire mtima kudzera m'nthiti. Nthawi zina izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni ya robotic.

Pa opaleshoni, mtima ukhoza kuyimitsidwa kwakanthawi ndikulumikizidwa ku makina odulira mtima ndi mapapo kuti ugwire ntchitoyo. Komabe, maopaleshoni ena amachitidwa mtima ukugundabe (off-pump bypass).

Kenako dokotalayo amagwiritsa ntchito mtsempha wamagazi womwe wachotsedwa kale kuti apange njira yatsopano polumikiza mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa pamwamba ndi pansi pake. Zili ngati kupanga njira yatsopano yodutsa msewu wotanganidwa. Izi zimadutsa njira yotseka ndipo zimalola magazi kuyenda kupita ku minofu ya mtima m'njira yatsopanoyo. Njira yodutsa ikatha, chifuwa chimatsekedwa, amasokedwa, ndipo opaleshoniyo imamalizidwa.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukalandira chithandizo?

Mudzafunika nthawi kuti muchire bwino mutatha opaleshoniyi. Nthawiyi imadalira mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita (PCI kapena CABG) komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Nthawi zambiri mutha kuchira pasanathe masiku angapo mutatha opaleshoni ya PCI. Komabe, zingatenge milungu kapena miyezi ingapo mutatha opaleshoni ya CABG.

Mu nthawi yomwe mukuchira, dokotala wanu angakutumizireni ku pulogalamu yothandiza anthu odwala matenda a mtima . M'mapulogalamu awa, madokotala, anamwino, alangizi a masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi akatswiri azakudya amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti akuthandizeni.

• Ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ati omwe amakuyenererani?
• Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe muyenera kudya?
• Kodi mungamwe bwanji mankhwala moyenera?
• Kodi mungakhale bwanji ndi moyo wathanzi?

Ndidzakudziwitsani zonse zomwe zanenedwa.

Komanso, ndikofunikira kupita kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kumwa mankhwala anu pa nthawi yake, kulamulira zakudya zanu, komanso kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu n'kofunika kwambiri kuti muchiritse msanga ndikupewa kuti vutoli lisabwererenso.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za mankhwalawa ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, njirazi zili ndi ubwino komanso zoopsa.

Kodi ubwino wake ndi wotani?

• Kupulumutsa moyo: Mankhwalawa amapulumutsa moyo pazochitika monga matenda a mtima.
• Kupewa matenda a mtima: Ngati muzindikira kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi yanu msanga, mutha kupewa matenda a mtima mwa kuwachiza asanayambe.
• Kuteteza kugwira ntchito kwa mtima: Ngati chithandizo chachitika mwachangu, kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya mtima kungapewedwe kotheratu kapena kuchepetsedwa.

Kodi zoopsa ndi zovuta zake ndi ziti?

Chiwopsezocho chimadalira chithandizo, zaka zanu, ndi matenda ena omwe muli nawo (monga matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi).

Kodi zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire? Kodi ndiyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala liti?

Ngakhale kuti mutha kubwerera ku moyo wabwinobwino mkati mwa masiku ochepa mutatha PCI, zingatenge miyezi ingapo kuti muchire bwino kuchokera ku opaleshoni ya CABG. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani nthawi yeniyeni yomwe muyenera kupuma, zomwe mungathe kuchita ndi zomwe simungathe kuchita.

Mukalandira chithandizo, ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi zapezeka, muyenera kuwona dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

• Kupweteka pachifuwa (Angina)
• Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea)
• Chizungulire kapena kumva mutu wopepuka
• Kutaya chidziwitso

Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa mukamva za vuto la mtima. Komabe, chithandizo ichi chotchedwa Coronary Revascularization chingathandize kwambiri kuthetsa mavuto a mtima ndikuletsa kuti asakule kwambiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa chithandizochi bwino, kupeza thandizo lachipatala lofunikira popanda mantha, ndikuyesera kukhalanso ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wachimwemwe.